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Endothelial cells as active participants in veterinary infections and inflammatory disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2007

E. Behling-Kelly  and
C. J. Czuprynski
E. Behling-Kelly
Affiliation:
Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madsion WI 53706, USA
C. J. Czuprynski*
Affiliation:
Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madsion WI 53706, USA
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Endothelial cells were once viewed as relatively inert cells lining the vasculature. They are now recognized as active and responsive regulators of coagulation, platelet adhesion, fluid homeostasis, wound healing, leukocyte extravasation and vascular tone. Endothelial cells play a key role in the host response to infectious agents by regulating leukocyte trafficking, producing inflammatory cytokines and presenting antigen in association with major histocompatibility class II (MHC II) molecules. A number of infectious agents have a tropism for endothelial cells. Infection of endothelial cells can promote thrombosis, vascular leakage, and increased adherence and emigration of leukocytes. Furthermore, activation of a systemic inflammatory response, in the absence of direct endothelial cell infection, can also lead to endothelial cell dysfunction. The purpose of this review is to highlight the interactions between endothelial cells and infectious or inflammatory agents that contribute to coagulation disturbances, vasculitis and edema. A select group of viral and bacterial pathogens will be used as examples to demonstrate how endothelial cell dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of infectious and inflammatory disorders.

Keywords

endotheliuminflammationinfectionthrombosis
Type
Review Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 8 , Issue 1 , June 2007 , pp. 47 - 58
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

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