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The Pecora Nera di Arbus: a new sheep breed in Sardinia, Italy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2009

M. Piras*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Agris Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Sassari, località Bonassai SS 291 km 18,6, Italy
Sara Casu
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Agris Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Sassari, località Bonassai SS 291 km 18,6, Italy
S. Salaris
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Agris Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Sassari, località Bonassai SS 291 km 18,6, Italy
M.G. Usai
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Agris Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Sassari, località Bonassai SS 291 km 18,6, Italy
A. Carta
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Agris Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Sassari, località Bonassai SS 291 km 18,6, Italy
*
Correspondence to: M. Piras, Department of Animal Science, Agris Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Sassari, località Bonassai SS 291 km 18,6, Italy. email: [email protected]
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Summary

A study of the genetic diversity of Sardinian sheep identified a small population of Pecora Nera di Arbus sheep. This population is composed of about 1000 ewes located in the southwest of Sardinia (Medio-Campidano district), mainly in the area surrounding the village of Arbus. The main features of this breed are black fleece, small size, small or absent auricles and a high frequency of horns in both sexes. These ancestral traits suggest that the population escaped the selection process, that was mainly oriented toward milk yield and the white colour of the fleece, for which the predominant white strain of Sardinian sheep was established. Currently, a programme of promoting this new breed is ongoing. It is mainly based on the production of natural black wool for apparel without chemical dyes.

Résumé

L'étude de la diversité génétique de la brebis sarde a permis d'identifier une petite population de Pecora Nera di Arbus. Cette population se compose d'environ 1000 têtes localisées dans le Sud-ouest de la Sardaigne, principalement aux alentours de Arbus (province de Medio- Campidano). Les caractéristiques principales de cette race sont la couleur noire de la laine, la taille petite, les pavillons auriculaires très courts ou absents et la présence de cornes, souvent chez les deux sexes. Ces caractères ancestraux suggèrent que cette population échappait le processus sélectif qui a intéressé la souche blanche de brebis sardes, qui étais visée à l'amélioration de la production laitière et à la fixation de la couleur blanche de la toison. A présent, un programme de valorisation de cette nouvelle race est en cours. Il est basé sur la production de tissus de laine noire sans colorants artificiels.

Resumen

El estudio de la diversidad genética de la población ovina de Cerdeña ha permitido la identificación de una población ovina no muy numerosa denominada Pecora Nera di Arbus. Dicha población está compuesta por unas 1000 ovejas, localizadas en el suroeste de Cerdeña (región Medio-Campidano), fundamentalmente en la zona existente alrededor del pueblo de Arbus. Las principales características de esta raza son su vellón de color negro, su pequeño tamaño, sus pequeños pabellones auriculares, o la ausencia de los mismas, así como la alta presencia de cuernos en ambos sexos. Estos rasgos ancestrales hacen ver que la población no ha sido sometida a ningún tipo de selección, y que su cría ha estado enfocada principalmente hacia la producción de leche y el color blanco del vellón, al que se ha establecido la línea blanca predominante en el ovino de Cerdeña. Actualmente, está en marcha un programa para promocionar esta nueva raza. Se basa principalmente en la producción de lana negra para ser utilizada naturalmente para ropa sin tintes químicos.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2009

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References

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