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Adding value to local breeds: challenges, strategies and key factors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2013

Christina Ligda  and
François Casabianca
Christina Ligda*
Affiliation:
Veterinary Research Institute, (NAGREF), PO Box 60 272, 57 001, Thessaloniki, Greece
François Casabianca
Affiliation:
INRA-SAD, Laboratoire de Recherches sur le Développement de l'Elevage, Quartier Grossetti, 20250 Corte, France
*
Correspondence to: C. Ligda, Veterinary Research Institute – NAGREF, Greece. email: [email protected]
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Summary

This paper analyzes the articles published in this special issue and also some material presented at the Session “Strategies to add value to local breeds” of the 61st Annual Meeting of the European Federation of Animal Science (EAAP) (August, 2010, Crete, Greece)1 or at other workshops dealing with the issue of adding value to local breeds. The analysis refers to the challenges facing local breeds and the different strategies that can be used to increase their value and thereby enhance their sustainability. These strategies can be categorized, inter alia, according to the species, the specific characteristics of the targeted breeds or production systems, the existence or absence of markets and the characteristics and dynamics of the breeders and other stakeholders. The paper is structured as follows: presentation of an overview of the challenges involved; this is followed by a discussion of strategies for adding value to breeds, which is illustrated with examples; an analysis of the key factors affecting such strategies and ends with some conclusions. Questions remain regarding the society's responsibility for providing support to farmers that keep local breeds that are at risk of extinction and regarding what actions are appropriate when such a breed that was once at risk becomes self-sustainable or, in contrast, when a breed ceases to be self-sustained.

Résumé

Cet article analyse les articles composant ce numéro spécial ainsi que quelques matériaux additionnels présentés dans la session “Stratégies pour ajouter de la valeur aux races locales” du 61ème congrès de la FEZ (Août 2010 dans l'île de Crète en Grèce)1, ou dans d'autres ateliers traitant de ce thème. L'analyse s'appuie sur les enjeux qu'affrontent les races locales, les diverses stratégies envisageables pour accroître leur valeur en promouvant leur utilisation et en soulignant leur intérêt pour la durabilité. On peut classer ces stratégies dans différentes catégories, selon les espèces, les caractéristiques spécifiques des races et des systèmes de production, l'existence de marchés, les dynamiques des éleveurs et d'autres porteurs d'enjeux. L'article est structuré par une introduction qui discute les différents enjeux puis la description des stratégies illustrées par des exemples, et enfin l'analyse des facteurs-clés qui influent sur ces stratégies et les conclusions. La discussion des facteurs-clés est organisée autour de leur impact sur les stratégies pour ajouter de la valeur aux races locales. Demeure questionnée la responsabilité de la société pour soutenir les éleveurs qui maintiennent les races locales, pour assurer des solutions aux races qui atteignent un degré de durabilité par leurs propres moyens, ou au contraire qui n'y parviennent pas.

Resumen

Este trabajo analiza los artículos publicados en este número especial así como algunos materiales presentados en la Sesión “Estrategias para añadir valor a las razas locales” del 61° Encuentro Anual de la Federación Europea de Ciencia Animal (EAAP, por sus siglas en inglés; Agosto de 2010 en Creta, Grecia)1 o de otros talleres en los que se abordó la temática de la adición de valor a las razas locales. El análisis hace referencia a los retos a los que se enfrentan las razas locales y a las diferentes estrategias que pueden ser usadas para incrementar su valor y así, mejorar su sostenibilidad. Estas estrategias pueden ser catalogadas, entre otras maneras, según la especie, las características específicas de las razas objeto de estudio o de los sistemas de producción, la existencia o ausencia de mercados, y las características y dinámicas de los criadores y otros agentes implicados. El trabajo está estructurado como sigue: panorámica general de los retos en cuestión; a continuación, discusión de estrategias para la adición de valor a las razas, lo cual es ilustrado con unos ejemplos, un análisis de los factores clave que afectan a tales estrategias y finalmente, el trabajo termina extrayendo unas conclusiones. Quedan pendientes algunos aspectos como la responsabilidad de la sociedad en la prestación de ayuda a los ganaderos que mantienen las razas locales en peligro de extinción y las acciones que conviene tomar cuando una de estas razas vuelve a ser auto-sostenible tras haber estado amenazada, o cuando, por el contrario, una raza deja de ser auto-sostenible.

Keywords

local breedsadded valueconservationsustainable useraces localesvaleur ajoutéeconservationusage durablerazas localesvalor añadidoconservaciónuso sostenible
Type
Special Issue: Adding value
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 53 , December 2013 , pp. 107 - 116
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2013 

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