Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-5r2nc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-13T02:19:09.316Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

SYSTEMATIC INVESTIGATIONS IN THE CORE AND PERIPHERY OF ANCIENT TULA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 May 2021

Blanca Paredes Gudiño  and
Dan M. Healan Open the ORCID record for Dan M. Healan [Opens in a new window]
Blanca Paredes Gudiño
Affiliation:
Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City
Dan M. Healan*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Lousiana70118
*
E-mail correspondence to: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This article presents the results of an integrative program of salvage archaeology in response to two comprehensive modern construction projects within the limits of the Early Postclassic city of Tula, Hidalgo. Exploratory excavation at eleven different localities encountered remains of residential compounds and other prehispanic structures in all localities, collectively spanning the Epiclassic through Late Postclassic periods and yielding extensive ceramic, lithic, and faunal remains from domestic and ritual contexts including over 250 human and animal burials that included evidence of contact with other areas of Mesoamerica. Some 36 radiocarbon dates were obtained from ceramically dated contexts that span c. 1,000 years of occupation and support the current ceramic phase chronology for Tula.

Type
Special Section: Tula in the Twenty-First Century: New Data, New Perspectives, New Insights
Information
Ancient Mesoamerica , Volume 32 , Issue 1 , Spring 2021 , pp. 100 - 117
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abascal Macías, Rafael 1981 Informe preliminar del proyecto de salvamento arqueológico en las zonas de La Malinche y El Tesoro. Archivo Técnico de la Coordinación Nacional de Arqueología, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Abascal Macías, Rafael 1982 Proyecto Arqueológico Tula. Archivo Técnico de la Coordinación Nacional de Arqueología, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Acosta, Jorge 1945 La cuarta y quinta temporada de exploraciones arqueológicas en Tula, Hidalgo. Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos 7:23–64.Google Scholar
Acosta, Jorge 1960 Las exploraciones en Tula, Hidalgo durante la XI temporada, 1955. Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia 11:39–72.Google Scholar
Armillas, Pedro 1950 Teotihuacan, Tula y los toltecas: Las culturas post-arcaicas y pre-aztecas del centro de México. Excavaciones y estudios, 1922–1950. RUNA 3:37–70.Google Scholar
Beekman, Christopher 2015 Causes and Consequences of Migration in Epiclassic Northern Mesoamerica. In Migration and Disruptions: Toward a Unified Theory of Ancient and Contemporary Migrations, edited by Baker, Brenda and Tsuda, Takeyuki, pp. 73–96. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Beekman, Christopher, and Christensen, Andrew 2003 Controlling for Doubt and Uncertainty through Multiple Lines of Evidence: A New Look at Mesoamerican Nahua Migrations. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 10:111–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cobean, Robert 1982 Investigaciones recientes en Tula Chico, Hidalgo. In Estudios sobre la antigua ciudad de Tula, edited by Cobean, Robert H., Healan, Dan M., de Escobar, Alba Guadalupe Mastache, and Crespo, Ana Maria, pp. 37–122. Colección Científica 121. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Cobean, Robert 1990 La cerámica de Tula, Hidalgo. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Cobean, Robert H., Healan, Dan M., and Suárez, María Elena 2021 Recent Investigations at Tula Chico, Tula, Hidalgo. Ancient Mesoamerica 32:41–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Códice, Azcatitlan 1949 Códice Azcatitlan. Bibliothèque nationale France, Paris.Google Scholar
Cowgill, George 1996 Discussion. Ancient Mesoamerica 7:325–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diehl, Richard, and Berlo, Janet (editors) 1989 Mesoamerica after the Decline of Teotihuacan, a.d. 700–900. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Diehl, Richard, Lomas, Roger, and Wynn, Jack 1974 Toltec Trade with Central America: New Light and Evidence. Archaeology 27:182–187.Google Scholar
Duran, Fray Diego 1964 The Aztecs: The History of the Indies of New Spain. Orion Press, New York.Google Scholar
Fernández Dávila, Enrique 1994 La producción de artefactos líticos en Tula, Hidalgo. In Simposium sobre arqueología en el estado de Hidalgo: Trabajos recientes, edited by Dávila, Enrique Fernández, pp. 47–68. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Gamboa Cabezas, Luís, and Healan, Dan M. 2021 Salvage and Rescue Archaeology inside Ancient Tula: Recent Discoveries and Revelations. Ancient Mesoamerica 32:56–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Getino Granados, Fernando 2021 Archaeological Investigations in the Northern Portion of Ancient Tula. Ancient Mesoamerica 32:118–133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Godde, Kanya 2010 An Examination of Proposed Causes of Auditory Exostoses. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 20:486–490.Google Scholar
Serafín, Gómez, Susana, Francisco Sansores, and Enrique Fernández Dávila, 1994 Enterramientos humanos de la época prehispánica en Tula, Hidalgo. Colección Científica 276. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Healan, Dan M. 1989 Description of a Possible Ceramic Tube Kiln in House VIII, Canal Locality. In Tula of the Toltecs: Excavations and Survey, edited by Healan, Dan M., pp. 254–260. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City.Google Scholar
Healan, Dan 2009 Household, Neighborhood, and Urban Structure in an “Adobe City”: Tula, Hidalgo, Mexico. In Domestic Life in Prehispanic Capitals: A Study of Specialization, Hierarchy, and Ethnicity, edited by Manzanilla, Linda and Chapdelaine, Claude, pp. 67–88. Museum of Anthropology Memoir 46. Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Healan, Dan 2012 The Archaeology of Tula, Hidalgo. Journal of Archaeological Research 20:53–115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Healan, Dan M., and Cobean, Robert 2019 Three Migration Case Studies from the Tula Region. In Migrations in Late Mesoamerica, edited by Beekman, Christopher, pp. 66–87. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Healan, Dan M., and Stoutamire, James 1989 Surface Survey of the Tula Urban Zone. In Tula of the Toltecs: Excavations and Survey, edited by Healan, Dan M., pp. 203–238. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City.Google Scholar
Healan, Dan M., Kerley, Janet, and Bey, George 1983 Excavation and Preliminary Analysis of an Obsidian Workshop in Tula, Hidalgo, Mexico. Journal of Field Archaeology 10:127–145.Google Scholar
Healan, Dan M., H. Cobean, Robert, and T. Bowsher, Robert 2021 Revised Chronology and Settlement History of Tula and the Tula Region. Ancient Mesoamerica 32:165–186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hernández, Christine 2001 A History of Prehispanic Ceramics, Settlement, and Frontier Development in the Ucareo-Zinapécuaro Obsidian Source Area, Michoacán, Mexico. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Tulane University, New Orleans.Google Scholar
Hernández, Christine, and Healan, Dan M. 2019 Migration and the Coyotlatelco Ceramic Tradition: Evidence from the Bajío. In Migrations in Late Mesoamerica, edited by Beekman, Christopher, pp. 88–108. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Jiménez García, Elizabeth 1998 Iconografía de Tula: El caso de la escultura. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Jiménez Moreno, Wigberto 1959 Síntesis de la historia pretolteca de Mesoamérica. Esplendor del México Antiguo 2:1019–1108.Google Scholar
Johannsson, Patrick 2012 La imagen del Huasteco en el espejo de la cultura náhuatl prehispánica. Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 44:65–133.Google Scholar
López Luján, Leonardo, and López Austin, Alfredo 2009 The Mexica in Tula and Tula in Mexico-Tenochtitlan. In The Art of Urbanism: How Mesoamerican Kingdoms Represented Themselves in Architecture and Imagery, edited by Fash, William and Luján, Leonardo López, pp. 384–422. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Mastache, Guadalupe, and Cobean, Robert 1989 The Coyotlatelco Culture and the Origins of the Toltec State. In Mesoamerica after the Decline of Teotihuacan, A.D. 700–900, edited by Diehl, Richard and Berlo, Janet, pp. 49–68. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Mastache, Guadalupe, and Crespo, Ana 1982 Análisis sobre la traza general de Tula, Hidalgo. In Estudios sobre la antigua ciudad de Tula, edited by Cobean, Robert H., Healan, Dan M., de Escobar, Alba Guadalupe Mastache, and Crespo, Ana Maria, pp. 11–38. Colección Científica 121. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Mastache, Guadalupe, Cobean, Robert, and Healan, Dan M. (editors) 2002 Ancient Tollan: Tula and the Toltec Heartland. University Press of Colorado, Boulder.Google Scholar
Mastache, Guadalupe, Healan, Dan M., and Cobean, Robert 2009 Four Hundred Years of Settlement and Cultural Continuity in Epiclassic and Early Postclassic Tula. In The Art of Urbanism: How Mesoamerican Kingdoms Represented Themselves in Architecture and Imagery, edited by Fash, William and Luján, Leonardo López, pp. 290–328. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Medrano Enríquez, Angélica María 2001 La actividad ocupacional en la región Chinampera de Xochimilco. Estudios de Antropología Biológica 10:571–594.Google Scholar
Medrano Enríquez, Angélica María 2021 Child Sacrifice in Tula: A Bioarchaeological Study. Ancient Mesoamerica 32:84–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nalda, Enrique 1991 Secuencia cerámica del sur de Querétaro. In Querétaro prehispánico, edited by Crespo, Ana and Brambila, Rosa, pp. 31–57. Colección Científica 238. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Nalda, Enrique 1998 El reajuste mesoamericano. Arqueología Mexicana 6:32–41.Google Scholar
Nichols, Deborah and McCullough, James 1986 Excavations at Xometla. In The Teotihuacan Valley Project: Final Report, Vol. 4, edited by Sanders, William, pp. 53–94. Pennsylvania State University, University Park.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 1983 Proyecto Tula ’80: Informe general de actividades. Archivo Técnico, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Hidalgo, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 1990 Unidades habitacionales en Tula, Hidalgo. Colección Científica 210. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 1998a Characteristics of Epiclassic Settlements in the Ancient City of Tula. Paper presented at the 63rd annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Seattle.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 1998b Evidencias de ocupación del período Coyotlatelco en la Zona Arqueológica de Tula, Hidalgo. In Antropología e historia del occidente de México, Vol. III, pp. 1637–1651. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 1998c Inferencias de relaciones comerciales a través de la iconografía en Tula, Hidalgo. In Iconografía mexicana, Vol. I, edited by Barba, Beatriz, pp. 37–50. Colección Científica 391. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 1998d Se puede definir el componente otomí en la población prehispánica de Tula. Paper presented at the 2nd Coloquio estatal sobre Otopames, Pachuca, Hidalgo.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 2000 El significado de la relación aguila-jaguar-serpiente en Tula, Hidalgo. In Iconografía mexicana, Vol. II, edited by Barba, Beatriz, pp. 295–302. Colección Científica 401. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 2002 A Chronological Review of Tula Hidalgo: A Comparative Analysis of Radiocarbon Dates and Settlement Patterns. Paper presented at the 67th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Denver.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 2004 El occidente de México en la conformación de la sociedad tolteca. In Tradiciones arqueológicas, edited by García, Efraín Cárdenas, pp. 329–344. Colegio de Michoacán, Zamora.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 2005a Análisis de flujos migratorios y composición multiétnica de la población de Tula. In Reacomodos demográficos del clásico al posclásico en el centro de México, edited by Manzanilla, Linda, pp. 203–226. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 2005b Tula, Huapalcalco y Tepeapulco. Arqueología Mexicana 12:80–87.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 2005c El concepto de muerte entre los pobladores de la antigua Tula. In Iconografía mexicana V: Vida, muerte y transfiguración, pp. 80–87. Colección Científica 460. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 2009 Reflexiones en torno al desarrollo cultural de la antigua Tollan, a la luz de nuevos fechamientos por C14. In V Coloquio Pedro Bosch Gimpea: Cronología y periodización en Mesoamérica y el norte de México, edited by Daneels, Annick, pp. 79–96. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca 2020 Población prehispánica en el área de Tula, Hidalgo: Estudio histórico-arqueológico. Unpublished manuscript in possession of author.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca, and Valadez, Raúl 1988a Uso y aprovechamiento de la fauna en las zonas habitacionales exploradas en la antigua ciudad de Tula, Hidalgo. Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos 35:169–194.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca, and Valadez, Raúl 1988b Un entierro de Ovis canadensis en el área de Tula, Hidalgo. Antropológicas 2:47–56.Google Scholar
Paredes, Blanca, Flores, José, and Valentín, Ernesto 1988 Osteología de la colección del proyecto de Tula (1980–1982). Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos 34:459–589.Google Scholar
Peña, Agustín, and Rodríguez, María 1976 Excavaciones en Daini, Tula, Hidalgo: Informe preliminar. In Proyecto Tula (2a parte), edited by Matos, Eduardo, pp. 85–90. Colección Científica 33. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Rattray, Evelyn 1966 An Archaeological and Stylistic Study of Coyotlatelco Pottery. Mesoamerican Notes 7–8:87–211.Google Scholar
Rattray, Evelyn 1996 Regional Perspective on the Epiclassic Period in Central Mexico. In Arqueología mexicana: Homenaje a William T. Sanders, edited by Mastache, Guadalupe, Parsons, Jeffrey, Santley, Robert, and Serra Puche, Mari Carmen, pp. 213–231. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Rattray, Evelyn 2001 Teotihuacan Ceramics: Chronology and Cultural Trends. University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh.Google Scholar
Sahagún, Fray Bernadino de 1961 Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain, Book 10. School of American Research, Santa Fe.Google Scholar
Saint-Charles Zetina, Juan, and Enríquez Farías, Roxana 2006 Cerámica del epiclásico en el sur de Querétaro. In El fenómeno Coyotlatelco en el centro de México: Tiempo, espacio y significado, edited by Valverde, Laura Solar, pp. 309–326. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Solar Valverde, Laura (editor) 2006 El fenómeno Coyotlatelco en el centro de México: Tiempo, espacio y significado. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Spence, Michael, White, Christine, Cobean, Robert, Mastache, Alba, and Longstaffe, Fred 2006 The Residential History of the La Mesa People: The Oxygen Isotope Evidence. Unpublished manuscript in possession of Dan M. Healan.Google Scholar
Sterpone Canuto, Osvaldo 2000–2001 La quimera de Tula. Boletín de Antropología Americana 37:141–204.Google Scholar
Stocker, Terry, and Healan, Dan M. 1989 The East Group and Nearby Remains. In Tula of the Toltecs: Excavations and Survey, edited by Healan, Dan M., pp. 149–162. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City.Google Scholar
Stuiver, Mintz, and Reimer, Paula 1993 Extended 14C Database and Revised CALIB Radiocarbon Calibration Program. Radiocarbon 35:215–230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stuiver, M., Reimer, P. J., and Reimer, R. 1986–2010 CALIB Radiocarbon Calibration Program Version 6.0.1. Electronic program, http://calib.org.Google Scholar
Telford, R. J., Heegaard, E., and Birks, H. J. B. 2004 The Intercept Is a Poor Estimate of a Calibrated Radiocarbon Age. The Holocene 14:296–298.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tozzer, Alfred 1921 Excavations of a Site at Santiago Ahuitzotla City, Mexico. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 74. Bureau of American Ethnology, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Valadez, Raúl, and Paredes, Blanca 1990 Un entierro de aves en la antigua ciudad de Tula. Revista Ciencia y Desarrollo 14:65–73.Google Scholar
Valadez, Raúl, and Paredes, Blanca 1993 Informe sobre el material de concha asociado a entierros y material aislado del sitio del Museo, Tula, Hidalgo. Archivo Técnico de la Coordinación Nacional de Arqueología, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Valadez, Rául, Paredes, Blanca, and Gómez, Bernardo 1999 Entierros de perros descubiertos en la antigua ciudad de Tula. Latin American Antiquity 10:180–200.Google Scholar
Vargas, Rocío, Manzanilla, Linda, and Paredes, Blanca 1998 Genetic Assessment of Epiclasic and Early Postclassic Populations in the Teotihuacan Valley. Paper presented at the 63rd annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Seattle.Google Scholar
Webb, Malcolm 1978 The Significance of the “Epiclassic” Period in Mesoamerican Prehistory. In Cultural Continuity in Mesoamerica, edited by Browman, David, pp. 155–178. Mouton, The Hague.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yadeun, Juan 1974 Análisis espacial de la zona arqueológica de Tula, Hgo. In Proyecto Tula (1a Parte), edited by Matos Moctezuma, Eduardo, pp. 53–60. Colección Científica 15. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Yadeun Angulo, Juan 1975 El estado y la ciudad: El caso de Tula, Hidalgo. Colección Científica 25. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar