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Terracotta spacers from the bathhouse at Amorium

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2013

Oğuz Koçyiğit
Oğuz Koçyiğit
Affiliation:
Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale
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Abstract

This article discusses the various ways in which the hot (caldarium) and warm (tepidarium) rooms of Roman and Byzantine bathhouses were provided with a wall heating system to complement the underfloor or hypocaust system. Several different methods were devised to create cavities in the walls through which hot air could rise. In some cases a combination of the different methods was used. One of the longest-lasting and widespread methods involved the use of terracotta spacers — small hollow terracotta tubes that were placed as wedges between the main outer wall and the inner revetted wall surface. At Amorium in Phrygia excavations of a small public bathhouse, dating to the sixth–ninth centuries AD, have brought to light a large number of these spacers, together with a few examples of much simpler spacers made out of re-used tile. Examples of both types are described in detail in an accompanying catalogue.

Özet

Bu çalışmada, hypocaust olarak bilinen yerden ısıtma sistemi dahilinde ısıtılan Roma ve Bizans hamamlarının, sıcaklık (caldarium) ve ılıklık (tepidarium) mekanlarının, bu sisteme bağlı olarak duvarlardan da ısıtılmalarının çeşitli türleri konu edilmiştir. Zaman içersinde hamamları duvarlardan ısıtmanın bir çok değişik tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bunlardan en çok tercih edileni ve en uzun süre kullanılanı, terracotta spacer sistemi olarak bilinen küçük, içi boş pişmiş toprak tüplerin duvar ve mermer süslemeler arasına girerek yapıyı duvarlardan ısıtmaya yardımcı sistemdir. Phrygia bölgesinin önemli kentlerinden biri olan Amorium'da yapılan kazılar sonrası M.S. 6. ve 9. yüzyıllara tarihlenen küçük halk tipi bir hamam açığa çıkarılmıştır. Bu hamamın kazıları esnasında ele geçen bir kaç adet ikinci kullanım tuğla yanında çok sayıdaki pişmiş toprak obje konu ile ilgili olarak yeni bilgiler ortaya koymaktadır. Bu buluntular çalışma içerisinde tip ve özellikleri bakımından katalogda detaylı olarak ele alınmışlardır.

Type
Research Article
Information
Anatolian Studies , Volume 56 , December 2006 , pp. 113 - 125
Copyright
Copyright © The British Institute at Ankara 2006

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