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The Sanctuary of the God Eurymedon at Tymbriada in Pisidia*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2013

Durmuş Kaya  and
Stephen Mitchell
Durmuş Kaya
Affiliation:
Isparta Museum
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Extract

In 1977, during the construction of a tunnel at Aksu, in the İlçe of Eǧridir, a statue of the river god Eurymedon was discovered and brought to İsparta Museum. This proved to have come from a sanctuary situated in front of a cave, known as the Zindan maǧarası, overlooking the river Aksu. The statue has remained unpublished to date, and for permission to make it known here I am grateful to the Museum Director, Mr İlhan Ünlüsay. In 1982 I acted as the Turkish government representative for Dr. Stephen Mitchell's survey at Yalvaç (Pisidian Antioch); he gave me friendly encouragement to write this article. I would like to thank him for providing translations and notes on the inscriptions, and also Dr. Marc Waelkens for sending his observations on the architectural remains at the sanctuary.

Type
Research Article
Information
Anatolian Studies , Volume 35 , December 1985 , pp. 39 - 55
Copyright
Copyright © The British Institute at Ankara 1985

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References

1 İsparta İl Yıllıǧı, 98; for the cave see Başar, M., İsparta Zindan Maǧarası Etüdü (Ankara, 1968)Google Scholar.

2 These are local names, according to the villagers.

3 For the Anamas Daǧlar, the large range running between lakes Beyşehir and Eǧridir, see Levick, B., Roman Colonies in Southern Asia Minor (1967), 9Google Scholar; Gibson, E., Kadmos, XXI (1982), 131Google Scholar; Saraçoǧlu, Hüseyin, Akdeniz Bölgesi, cilt III (Istanbul, 1968)Google Scholar. All three have maps showing the mountains; on Elsa Gibson's map they are marked separately as Dippoyraz.

4 A narrow strait between the villages of Yenice in the east and Akkeçili in the west joins lakes Eǧridir and Hoyran. Together they make up the fourth largest lake in Turkey. The mountains of Hoyran and Barla (Parlais) that border the lake have steep sides.

5 Koç, Mustafa, Tüm Yönleriyle Isparta, 90Google Scholar.

6 Yiǧitbaşı, S. S., Eǧirdir-Felâkabat Tarihi (Istanbul, 1972), 122Google Scholar; Yalçın, Osman, İsparta (Istanbul, 1970), 4Google Scholar.

7 See the map in von Aulock, H., Münzen und Städte Pisidiens, Teil II (Istanbuler Mitteilungen, 1977)Google Scholar. For an account of the rivers see Texier, C., Küçük Asya, in the Turkish translation by Ali Fuat, , pp. 58–9Google Scholar. See also Ruge, W., RE VI (1909), 1334Google Scholar.

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11 This information comes from the modern villagers of Aksu and Akcaşar. The modern highway runs round the shore of lake Eǧridir.

12 For Tymbriada, see Strabo XII. 7.1, 570; Sterrett, , Wolfe Expedition, 280Google Scholar; Hirschfeld, G., Göttingische Gelehrte Anzeigen, 1888, 590 f.Google Scholar; Wilhelm, A., Arch-Epigr. Mitteilungen aus Österreich, 1897, 83Google Scholar; Lanckoronski, K., Städte Pamphyliens und Pisidiens, II (1892), 225Google Scholar; Ramsay, W. M., JHS, XXXVIII (1918), 139 f.Google Scholar; JRS XVI (1926), 103Google Scholar; Klio, XXIII (1930), 246Google Scholar; Ruge, W.RE, VIa (1937), 1246–7Google Scholar; Magie, D., Roman Rule in Asia Minor (Princeton, 1950) I, 457; II, 1326Google Scholar; Levick, B., Roman Colonies in southern Asia Minor (1967), 45Google Scholar; von Aulock, H., Münzen und Städte Pisidiens, II (Istanbuler Mitteilungen, 1979), 47–8Google Scholar.

13 H. von Aulock, op. cit., nos. 2141–7, 2182–3.

14 Ramsay, W. M., The Historical Geography of Asia Minor (1890), 406Google Scholar; p. 454 in the Turkish translation of Mihri Pektaş.

15 Klio XXIII (1930); 246Google Scholar.

16 The latter have been published by Elsa Gibson, Kadmos, XXI (1982), 130–69.Google Scholar

17 For the ostothecae, see Paribeni, R. and Romanelli, P., Monumenti antichi, XXIII (1914), 24Google Scholar; Moretti, G., Bull. Cam. LXIII (1935), 17–37Google Scholar; İnan, J., in Mansel, A. M. and Bean, G. E., Die Agora von Side und die Bauten. Ausgrabungen 1948 (TTK, 1956), 76Google Scholar no. 6, Taf. XXXIII, Abb. 120–3; Himmelmann, N., Riv. di archeologia cristiana 1970, 147 f.Google Scholar, Taf. XXVI.2. For the dating see Waelkens, M., in Palast und Hütte. Beiträge zum Bauen im Altertum (Mainz, 1982), 439 n.15Google Scholar.

18 Vermeule, C. C., Roman Imperial Art in Greece and Asia Minor, 120–1 pl. 51–2Google Scholar; cf. also the garland from Aphrodisias, Erim, K., TAD XX. 1 (1973), 84 fig. 30Google Scholar.

19 Roder, J., “Bericht über Arbeiten in den antiken Steinbrüchen von İscehisar (Dokimeion)”, TAD XVIII.1 (1969), 109–10Google Scholar.

20 See Inan, J., Antalya bölgesi Roma devri portreleri (Ankara, 1965), 20Google Scholar; C. C. Vermeule, op. cit., 275–96.

21 İnan, J., TAD XIX.2 (1970), 65–6, levh. XX resim 1Google Scholar.

22 Nicolau, K., AJA LXXIV (1970), 74 pl. 21 fig. 15Google Scholar.

23 Levi, D., TAD XIX.2 (1970), 166 fig. 4Google Scholar.

24 Mansel, A. M., TAD XIX.2 (1970), 183 resim 23Google Scholar.

25 Radt, W., Pergamum Archaeological Guide (TTOK, 1978), 23 pl. 26Google Scholar.

26 Özoral, F., TAD XXIV.1 (1977), 149, resimler 1–15Google Scholar.

27 Cf. n. 20.

28 İnan, J., Antalya bölgesi Roma devri portreleri (Ankara, 1965), 20 lev. XGoogle Scholar.

29 Ibid., 25, lev. XV, resimler 3–4.

30 Wegner, M., Die Herrscherbildnisse in antoninischer Zeit (Berlin, 1939), 83Google Scholar.

31 Vermeule, C. C. and Neuerburg, N., Catalogue of Ancient Art in the J. Paul Getty Museum (1973), 32–3, fig. 69Google Scholar.

32 Inscriptions have been copied in the area by Sterrett, Wolfe Expedition nos. 398–400, and by Sarre, F., Arch-Epigr. Mitteilungen aus Österreich XIX (1896), 52 ffGoogle Scholar. nos. 28–31. Ramsay, , Klio XXIII (1930), 247Google Scholar published a very fragmentary text seen in a cemetery north of Yılanlı Ova. In addition there are the epichoric Pisidian inscriptions from the district of Sofular, for which see most recently Gibson, E., Kadmos, XXI (1982), 131–69Google Scholar.

33 See, e.g., Balland, A., Fouilles de Xanthos, VII (1981), 238 n. 96Google Scholar.

34 Moretti, G., Iscrizioni agonistiche greche (1953), 222 no. 76Google Scholar.

35 Zgusta, L., Kleinasiatische Personennamen (1964), 41, para. 1–3Google Scholar.

36 Prosopographia Militiae Equestris, I (1976), 249Google Scholar: C.136 (IOlympia no. 447); and 497: I.142 (IGR, I no. 430; IG, XIV no. 716). I am grateful to Professor Michael Speidel for advice on this point.

37 Zgusta, op cit., para. 603.

38 See the references collected by Robert, L., BCH CVII (1983), 583Google Scholar.

39 See E. Gibson, op. cit.

40 Schulze, W., Zur Geschichte lateinischer Eigennamen (1904), 243 n. 2Google Scholar.

41 Russell, J. F., Phoenix XXVII (1973), 326 no. 4, citing other referencesGoogle Scholar.