Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T07:30:14.819Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Twin Pregnancies Following Induction of Ovulation: A Literature Review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2014

John A. Lamont
John A. Lamont*
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
*
McMaster University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A literature review of the occurrence of multiple pregnancies associated with artificial induction of ovulation is reported. This report considers three treatment schedules: (1) clomiphene citrate; (2) human pituitary gonadotrophin with human chorionic gonadotrophin; and (3) human menopausal gonadotrophin with human chorionic gonadotrophin. The majority of the increase in twinning is related to hyperstimulation of the ovary by these medications, resulting in dizygotic twinning. The true incidence of twin pregnancy cannot be calculated because the vital statistics of all nations report live birth rates. Increased rates of fetal wastage, late abortion and prematurity associated with the occurrence of multiple pregnancies are overlooked by these statistics. The increased incidence of twinning appears to be related to the type and dosage of medication used, and the patient's underlying problem.

Keywords

TwinsDizygoticOvulationInduction
Type
Research Article
Information
Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research , Volume 31 , Issue 3-4: Special Issue on Twin Pregnancies , July 1982 , pp. 247 - 253
Copyright
Copyright © The International Society for Twin Studies 1982

References

REFERENCES

1. Barrat, J, Leger, D (1979): Avenir des grossesses obtenues après stimulation de l'ovulation. J Gyn Obstet Biol Reprod 8:333.Google Scholar
2. Benirschke, K, Kin, CK (1973): Multiple pregnancy. N Engl J Med 24:1276 (part 1).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Brown, JB, Evans, JH, Adey, FD, Taft, HP, Townsend, L (1969): Factors involved in the induction of fertile ovulation with human gonadotrophins. J Obstet Gynecol Br Commonw 76(4):289.Google Scholar
4. Caspi, E, Ronen, J, Schreyer, P, Goldberg, MD (1976): The outcome of pregnancy after gonadotrophin therapy. Br J Obstet Gynecol 83:967.Google Scholar
5. Crooke, AC, Butt, WR, Palmer, RF, Morriss, R, Logan Edwards, R, Anson, CJ (1963): Clinical trial of human gonadotrophins. J Obstet Gynecol Br Commonw 70:604.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6. Drake, TS, Tredway, DR, Buchanan, GC (1978): Continued clinical experience with an increasing dosage regimen of clomiphene citrate administration. Fertil Steril 30(3):274.Google Scholar
7. Ellis, JD, Williamson, JG (1975): Factors influencing the pregnancy and complication rates with human menopausal gonadotrophin therapy. Br J Obstet Gynecol 82:52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8. Evans, J, Townsend, L (1976): The induction of ovulation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 125(3):321.Google Scholar
9. Gemzell, C, Roos, P (1966): Pregnancies following treatment with human gonadotrophins. Am J Obstet Gynecol 94:490.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Gemzell, CA (1978): Experience with the induction of ovulation. J Reprod Med 21(3):205.Google Scholar
11. Goldfarb, AF, Morales, A, Rakoff, AE, Protos, P (1968): Critical review of 160 clomiphene-related pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol 31(3): 342.Google Scholar
12. Greenblatt, RB, Pria, SD (1971): Clomiphene in women. In Joel, CA (ed): “Fertility Disturbances in Men and Women.” Karger: Basel, p 541.Google Scholar
13. Guttmacher, AF (1953): The incidence of multiple births in man and some of the other unipara. Obstet Gynecol 2(1):23.Google ScholarPubMed
14. Hack, M, Brish, M, Serr, DM, Insler, V, Lunenfeld, B (1970): Outcome of pregnancy after induced ovulation. JAMA 211(5):791.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15. Hack, M, Brish, M, Serr, DM, Insler, V, Salomy, M, Lunenfeld, B (1972): Outcome of pregnancy after induced ovulation. JAMA 220(10):1329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16. Hellman, LM, Pritchard, JA (1971): Multiple pregnancy. In: “Williams Obstetrics” (14th ed). New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, p 656.Google Scholar
17. Hull, MGR, Savage, PE, Jacobs, HS (1979): Br Med J 1:1257.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Jewelewicz, R (1975): Management of infertility resulting from anovulation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 122(8):909.Google Scholar
19. Kemmann, E, Tavakoli, F, Shelden, RM, Jones, JR (1981): Induction of ovulation with menotropins in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 141(1):59.Google Scholar
20. Kistner, RW (1968): Induction of ovulation with clomiphene citrate. In Behrman, SJ, Kistner, RW, (eds): “Progress in Infertility.” Boston: Little, Brown, pp 509–536.Google Scholar
21. MacGregor, AH, Johnson, JE, Bunde, CA (1968): Further clinical experience with clomiphene citrate. Fertil Steril 19(4):616.Google Scholar
22. Oelsner, G, Serr, DM, Mashiach, S, Blankstein, J, Snyder, M, Lunenfeld, B (1978): The study of induction of ovulation with menotropins: Analysis of results of 1897 treatment cycles. Fertil and Steril 30(5):538.Google Scholar
23. Province of Ontario, Vital Statistics (1979). “Multiple Live Births by Age of Mother and Place of Residence of Mother, 1978.” Toronto, Canada: Ontario Government Publications.Google Scholar
24. Rabau, E, Lunenfeld, B, Insler, V (1971): The treatment of fertility disturbances with special reference to the use of human gonadotrophins. In Joel, CA (ed): “Fertility Disturbances in Men and Women.” Basel: Karger, p 508.Google Scholar
25. Robertson, S, Birrell, W, Grant, A (1977): Fewer multiple pregnancies using a clomiphene/human gonadotrophin sequence. Fertil Steril 28(3):294.Google Scholar
26. Ruiz-Velasco, V, Rosas-Archeo, J, Matute, MM (1979): Chemical inducers of ovulation: Comparative results. Int J Fertil 24(1):61.Google Scholar
27. Schenker, JG, Yarkoni, S, Granat, M (1981): Multiple pregnancies following induction of ovulation. Fertil Steril 35(2):105.Google ScholarPubMed
28. Schneider, L, Bessis, R, Simonnet, T (1979): The frequency of ovular resorption during the first trimester of twin pregnancy. Acta Genet Med Gemellol 29(4):271–272.Google Scholar
29. Schwartz, M, Jewelewicz, R, Dyrenfurth, I, Tropper, P, Vande Wiele, R (1980): The use of human menopausal and chorionic gonadotrophins for induction of ovulation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 138(7):802 (part 1).Google Scholar
30. Senez, P, Gillet, JY (1978): Avenir et qualité des grossesses obtenues par l'association citrate de clomifene et gonadotrophine chorionique. J Gyn Obstet Biol Reprod 7:987.Google Scholar
31. Spadoni, LR, Cox, DW, Smith, DC (1975): Use of human menopausal gonadotropin for the induction of ovulation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 129(7):988.Google Scholar
32. Taymor, ML, Yussman, MA, Lorenzo, CL (1969): Effect of single and multiple doses of menopausal gonadotrophin upon ovarian function. Am J Obstet Gynecol 102(6):784.Google Scholar
33. Thompson, CR, Hansen, LM (1970): Pergonal (menotropins): A summary of clinical experience in the induction of ovulation and pregnancy. Fertil Steril 21(2):844.Google Scholar
34. Vorys, N, Gantt, CL, Hamwi, GJ, Copeland, WE, Ullery, JC (1964): Clinical utility of chemical induction of ovulation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 88(4):425.Google Scholar
35. Whitelaw, MJ, Grams, LR, Stamm, WJ (1964): Clomiphen citrate: Its uses and observations on its probable action. Am J Obstet Gynecol 90(3):355.Google Scholar
36. Wu, CH (1975): Plasma estrogen monitoring of ovulation induction. Obstet Gynecol 46(3):294.Google Scholar