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U.S. Designation of Foreign Terrorist Organizations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 March 2017

Sean D. Murphy
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Type
Contemporary Practice of the United States Relating to International Law
Information
American Journal of International Law , Volume 94 , Issue 2 , April 2000 , pp. 365 - 366
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 2000

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References

1 Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, §301, 18 U.S.C. §2339B note (Supp. IV 1998). For background, see H.R. CONF. REP. No. 104-518, at 113 (1996), reprinted in 1996 U.S.C.C.A.N. 924, 944; Statement on Signing the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, 1 PUB. PAPERS 630-32 (1996); Jennifer A. Beall, Note, Are We Only Burning Witches ? The Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of1996’s Answer to Terrorism, 73 Ind. L.J. 693 (1998). AEDPA receives more extensive treatment in the case report by Derek Jinks, infra at 395.

2 8 U.S.C. §1189(a) (1) (Supp. IV 1998).

3 Id. §1182(a)(3) (B)(iii) (1994 & Supp. IV 1998).

4 Id. §1182 (a) (3) (B) (ii).

5 Id. §1182 (a) (3) (B) (i)(V).

6 Id. §1189(a) (2)(C).

7 18 U.S.C. §2339B(a)(l).

8 Id. §2339B(a) (2) & (b).

9 8 U.S.C. §1189(a)(2)(A).

10 Id §1189(b).

11 Id. 1189(a)(3)(B).

12 See 62 Fed. Reg. 52,649-51 (1997) (designating 30 FTOs). The designations were published and became effective on October 8.

13 People’s Mojahedin Org. of Iran v. United States Dep’t of State, 182 F.3d 17 (D.C. Cir. 1999) (upholding the secretary’s FTO designation of the People’s Mojahedin Organization of Iran, and of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam), petition for cert, filed Dec. 27,1999, No. 99-1070; Humanitarian Law Project v. Reno, Civ. A. Nos. 98-56062, 98-56280, available in 2000 WL 235310 (9th Cir. Mar. 3, 2000) (upholding constitutionality of statute except with respect to its prohibitions on providing “personnel” and “training” to FTOs, which was found unduly vague).

14 64 Fed. Reg. 55,112-13 (Oct. 8, 1999); see also U.S. Dep’t of State Press Release on Terrorism Designations (Oct. 8, 1999), available in <http://secretary.state.gov/www/statements/1999/991008.html>.

15 The redesignated groups are: Abu Nidal Organization, Abu Sayyaf Group, Armed Islamic Group, Aum Shinrikyo, Basque Fatherland and Liberty, Gama’a al-Islamiyya, Hamas, Harakat ul-Mujahideen, Hizballah, Japanese Red Army, al-Jihad, Kach, Kahane Chai, Kurdistan Workers’ Party, Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, Mujahedin-e Khalq Organization, National Liberation Army, Palestine Islamic Jihad-Shaqaqi Faction, Palestine Liberation Front-Abu Abbas, Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, Revolutionary Organization 17 November, Revolutionary People’s Liberation Party/Front, Revolutionary People’s Struggle, Shining Path, and Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement. For descriptions and locations of these organizations, see U.S. Dep’t OF S tate, P a tte rn s of G lob al T errorism (1998), available in <http://www.state.gov/www/global/terrorism/1998Report/1998index.html>.

16 The first two engaged in no terrorist activity during the past two years. The Khmer Rouge no longer exists. Members of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine remain subject to the restrictions against terrorists who threaten to disrupt the Middle East peace process, which were imposed by Exec. Order No. 12,947, 3C.F.R. 319 (1995).