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United States Participation in International Efforts to Combat Piracy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2017

Abstract

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Type
Contemporary Practice of the United States Relating to International Law
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 by The American Society of International Law

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References

1 John, R. Crook, Contemporary Practice of the United States, 100 AJIL 487700 (2006), 102 AJIL 169 (2008), 103 AJIL 146 (2009)Google Scholar; Peter, Baker, Obama Vows to Stop Piracy’s Rise off the Coast of Africa, N.Y. Times, Apr. 14, 2009, at A8Google Scholar; Ann Scott, Tyson & Stephanie, McCrummen, U.S. lays Out Anti–piracy Plan, Wash. Post, Apr. 16, 2009, at A8Google Scholar; U.S. Department of State Fact Sheet, United States Actions to Counter Piracy off the Horn of Africa (Sept. 1, 2009)Google Scholar [hereinafter September 1 Fact Sheet], at http://www.state.gov/t/pm/rls/fs/128540.htm.

2 UN Press Release, Security Council Condemns Acts of Piracy, Armed Robbery off Somalia’s Coast, Authorizes for Six Months ‘All Necessary Means’ to Repress such Acts (June 2, 2009), at http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2008/sc9344.doc.htm.

3 [Editor’s Note: States and regional organizations cooperating with the TFG that have been notified to the UN secretary–general include Canada, China, Demark, France, Russia, Spain, the United Kingdom, the United States, the European Union, and the NATO Standing Naval Maritime Group.]

4 SCRes. 1816 (June 2, 2009).

5 UN Press Release, Security Council Asks Nations with Military Capability in Area to ‘Actively Fight Piracy’ on High Seas Off Somalia (Oct. 7, 2008), at http://un.org/News/Press/docs/2008/sc9467.doc.htm.

6 SC Res. 1838 (Oct. 7, 2008).

7 SC Res. 1846 (Dec. 2, 2008).

8 Neil, MacFarquhar, U.N. Council Shows Support for U.S. Plan Against Piracy, N.Y. Times, Dec. 17, 2008, at A11Google Scholar; Colum, Lynch, U.N. Authorizes Land, Air Attacks on Somali Pirates, Wash. Post, Dec. 17, 2008, at A14Google Scholar.

9 UN Press Release, Security Council Authorizes States to Use Land–Based Operations in Somalia as Part of Fights Against Piracy off Coast, Unanimously Adopting 1851 (2008) (Dec. 16,2008),at http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2008/sc9541.doc.htm.

10 SC Res. 1851 (Dec. 16, 2009).

11 U.S. Dep’t of State Press Release No. 2009/469, The Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia (May 18, 2009), at http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2009/05/123584.htm. The Contact Group’s initial, January 14, 2009, statement explaining its mandate and work plan is at http://www.state.gov/t/pm/rls/othr/misc/121054.htm.

12 Testimony of Principal Deputy Ass’t Sec. of Defense Michael Coulter Before the House Armed Services Committee, Mar. 5, 2009, at http://armedservices.house.gov/pdfs/FC030509/Coulter_Testimony030509.pdf.

13 U.S. Dep’t of State Press Release No. 2009/525, The Bahamas, the Republic of Liberia, the Republic of Marshall Islands and the Republic of Panama Announce Their Commitment to Best Practices to Avoid, Deter or Delay Acts of Piracy (May 29, 2009), at http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2009/05/124107.htm.

14 U.S. Dep’t of State Press Release No. 2009/885, U.S. Department of State Announces the United States to Sign “New York Declaration” Safeguarding Ships Against Piracy off the Coast of Somalia (Sept. 9, 2009), at http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2009/sept/128747.htm.

15 U.S. Dep’t of State Press Release No. 2009/892, United States Formally Commits to Best Practices to Counter Piracy off the Coast of Somalia (Sept. 9, 2009), at http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2009/sept/128768.htm.

16 U.S. Dep’t of State Press Release No. 2009/891, The United States Signs “New York Declaration” (Sept. 10, 2009), at http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2009/sept/128767.htm.

17 Somalia: U.S. Will Lead Patrols Against Pirates, N.Y. Times, Jan. 9, 2009, at A4Google Scholar.

18 September 1 Fact Sheet, supra note 1; see Statement of Vice Admiral William, E. Gortney to The House Armed Service Committee (Mar. 5, 2009)Google Scholar, at http://armedservices.house.gov/pdfs/FC030509/Gortney_Testimony030509.pdf.

19 September 1 Fact Sheet, supra note 1.

20 Gerry, J. Gilmore, Kenyan Government Agrees to Try Pirates Seized by U.S. Forces (Jan. 29, 2009)Google Scholar, at http://www.defenselink.mil/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=52871.

21 U.S. Navy Arrests Pirate Suspects in Gulf of Aden (Feb. 11. 2009), at http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/02/ll/piracy.arrests/index.html.

22 David, Morgan, U.S. Delivers Seven Somali Pirate Suspects to Kenya (Mar. 5, 2009)Google Scholar, at http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE52480N20090305.

23 Jeffrey, Gettleman, Rounding Up Suspects, the West Turns to Kenya as Piracy Criminal Court, N.Y. Times, Apr. 24, 2009, at A9Google Scholar.

25 Carrie, Johnson, Pirate’s Youth May Complicate Prosecution Decision, Wash. Post, Apr. 14, 2009, at A6Google Scholar; Robin, Shulman, Somali Charged with Piracy in Attack on U.S. Ship, Wash. Post, Apr. 22, 2009, at A2Google Scholar; Benjamin, Weiser, A Young Somali in Manhattan, to Face U.S. Charges of Piracy, N.Y. Times, Apr. 23, 2009, at A1Google Scholar.