Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 February 2017
1 For references to such hegemony/empire claims, see Detlev, F. Vagts, Hegemonic International Law, 95 AJIL 843, 843 nn. 1-3 (2001).Google Scholar Prominent among later references to empire are Boot, Max, The Savage Wars of Peace: Small Wars and the Rise of American Power (2002)Google Scholar, and Ferguson, Niall, Empire: The Rise and Demise of the British World Order and the Lessons for Global Power (2003).Google Scholar
2 For a concise treatment of economic hegemony, see Ferguson, Niall, Hegemony or Empire1? Foreign Aff., Sept./Oct. 2003, at 154.Google Scholar
3 For examples of U.S. pressure in the United Nations, see Jose, E. Alvarez, Hegemonic International Law Revisited, 97 AJIL 873 (2003).Google Scholar
4 Thomas, M. Franck, Terrorism and the Right of Self-Defense, 95 AJIL 839 (2001).Google Scholar
5 According to Webster’s formula, anticipatory self-defense is justified if the “necessity of self-defence [was] instant, overwhelming, leaving no choice of means, and no moment for deliberation ...”; see Letter from Daniel Webster, U.S. Secretary of State, to Henry Fox, British Minister in Washington (Apr. 24, 1841), in 29 British and Foreign State Papers 1840–1841, at 1138 (1857).Google Scholar
6 See the views of the arbitrator, Rene-Jean Dupuy, in Texaco Overseas Petroleum Co. & California Asiatic Oil Co. v. Libyan Arab Republic, 17 ILM 1 (1978).