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The State Department's Rôle in the Judicial Administration of the Act of State Doctrine
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 March 2017
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- Editorial Comment
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- Copyright © American Society of International Law 1972
References
1 Banco Nacional de Cuba v. The First National City Bank of N. Y., 442 F. 2d 530 (2d Cir., 1971); 65 A.J.I.L. 812 (1971); 10 I.L.M. 536 (1971). Judge Hays dissented.
2 58 A.J.I.L. 779 (1964).
3 22 U.S.C. Sec. 2370 (e) (2), as amended, 79 Stat. 658–659 (Sept. 6, 1965); 59 A.J.I.L. 899 (1965).
4 442 F. 2d 538; 65 A.J.I.L. 391 (1971); 10 I.L.M. 89 (1971).
5 Bernstein v. Nederlandsche-Amerikaansche, etc., 210 F. 2d 375, 376 (2d Cir., 1954); 48 A.J.I.L. 499 (1954).
6 442 F.2d 537.
7 ibid.
8 Ibid, at 538.
9 See Metzger, , “The Act of State Doctrine and Foreign Relations,” 23 U. of Pitt. Law Rev. 881, 892 (1962)Google Scholar.
10 442 F.2d 535.
11 22 U.S.C. §1643 (Supp. V, 1969).
12 442 F.2d 535.
13 In Sardino v. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 361 F.2d 106 (2d Cir., 1966), 60 A.J.I.L. 862 (1966), and Nielsen v. Secretary of the Treasury, 424 F.2d 833 (D.C. Cir., 1970), 64 A.J.I.L. 951 (1970), Treasury’s refusals to license such payments were upheld as valid exercises of governmental discretion under the relevant statutory standards.
14 442 F.2d 537.
15 Ibid.
16 Ibid, at 535.
17 I thought at the time that Sabbatino had thrown quite cold water on the Bernstein exception as a whole, and said so. See Metzger, , “Act-of-State Doctrine Refined: The Sabbatino Case,” 1964 Sup. Ct. Rev. 224, 241 (1964)Google Scholar. Indeed, I was sorry that it had, because under proper circumstances (not here present), I thought, and still think (though now much more tentatively), that Bernstein could be a useful, flexible instrument in this troubled area.
18 442 F.2d 537.
19 168 U.S. 250 (1897).
20 246 U.S. 297 (1918); 12 A.J.I.L. 421 (1918).
21 Banco Nacional de Cuba «. Sabbatino, 376 U.S. 398, 427 (1963).
22 Ibid, at 428.
23 Ibid.
24 Ibid, at 430.