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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 February 2017
1 See §308.
2 Art. 44, para. 3. Ipsen does not clearly indicate that a failure of distinction, while punishable, does not result in loss of POW status except as provided in the second sentence of paragraph 3.
3 See Additional Protocol I, Arts. 24–31.
4 The cultural objects protected by the Additional Protocols are those “which constitute the cultural or spiritual heritage of peoples,” and the examples given during the Geneva negotiations were the Louvre Museum, Vatican City in Rome and the Acropolis in Athens.
5 International Institute of Humanitarian Law, San Remo Manual on International Law Applicable to Armed Conflicts at Sea (Louise Doswald-Beck ed., 1994).