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Crop traits for water stress tolerance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2009

Edwin Donaldson
Edwin Donaldson
Affiliation:
Wheat Breeder in the Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Lind, WA 99341.
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Abstract

Cultivars vary considerably in how they respond to moisture stress throughout crop development. In areas of the Pacific Northwest with less than 250 mm of annual rainfall, win ter wheat is under moisture stress most of the time from planting to harvest. Cultivars must be ab le to absorb moisture, germinate, and emerge under high temperature, poor seed zone moisture, and deep seed cover. Moisture stress slows emergence and seedling development and reduces most yield components, including number of tillers, seeds per spike, seeds per unit area, seed size, and seed weight per unit volume. Additionally, leaf senescence and maturity are earfy under moisture stress conditions. A cultivar cannot obtain its potential yield with less than adequate moisture; therefore, under moisture stress fewer tillers and seeds are produced. Which plant structures are reduced is determined by the growth stage of the plant during stress, while the extent of this reduction is determined by the severity of moisture stress and the genotype of the cultivar.

Keywords

wheatmoisture stresscropping systemsemergence
Type
Selected Papers from the U.S.-Middle East Conference on Sustainable Dryland Agriculture
Information
American Journal of Alternative Agriculture , Volume 11 , Issue 2-3 , September 1996 , pp. 89 - 94
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

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