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Seriation, Superposition, and Interdigitation: A History of Americanist Graphic Depictions of Culture Change

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

R. Lee Lyman ,
Steve Wolverton  and
Michael J. O’Brien
R. Lee Lyman
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, 107 Swallow Hall, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
Steve Wolverton
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, 107 Swallow Hall, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
Michael J. O’Brien
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, 107 Swallow Hall, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
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Abstract

Histories of Americanist archaeology regularly confuse frequency seriation with a technique for measuring the passage of time based on superposition—percentage stratigraphy—and fail to mention interdigitation as an important component of some percentage-stratigraphic studies. Frequency seriation involves the arrangement of collections so that each artifact type displays a unimodal frequency distribution, but the direction of time's flow must be determined from independent evidence. Percentage stratigraphy plots the fluctuating frequencies of types, but the order of collections is based on their superposition, which in turn illustrates the direction of time's flow. Interdigitation involves the integration of sets of percentage-stratigraphy data from different horizontal proveniences under the rules that (1) the order of superposed collections cannot be reversed and (2) each type must display a unimodal frequency distribution. Ceramic stratigraphy is similar to occurrence seriation, as both focus on the presence-absence of types with limited temporal distributions—index fossils—but the former uses the superposed positions of types to indicate the direction of time"s flow, whereas occurrence seriation does not.

Résumé

Résumé

Las historias de arqueología americanista regularmente confunden lafrecuencia de seriación con una tecnica para medir elpaso del tiempo basada en la superposition—porcentaje estratigráfico—y con un éxito no alcanzado para aludir a la interdigitatión como un componente importante en algunos estudios de porcentaje estratigráfico. Lafrecuencia de seriatión implica el arreglo de colecciones para que cada tipo de artefacto despliegue una distributión de frecuencia unimodal; sin embargo, la directión del paso del tiempo debe ser determinada a partir de la evidencia independiente. El porcentaje estratigráfico traza las frecuencias fluctuantes de los tipos, pero el orden de las colecciones esta basado en su superpositión—que a su vez ilustra la directión del paso del tiempo. La interdigitatión implica la integration de grupos de datos del porcentaje estratigráfico desde distintas procedencias horizontales bajo las reglas de que (a) el orden de las colecciones superpuestas no puede ser inveriido y (b) que cada tipo debe desplegar una distribution unimodal. La estratigrafía cerámica es similar a la ocurrencia de seriatión desde el momenta en que ambos se enfocan en la presencia-ausencia de tipos con distibuciones temporales limitadas—fósiles de archive—sin embargo, el primero usa las posiciones superpuestas de tipos para indicar la direction delflujo temporal, mientras que la ocurrencia serial no lo hace.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 63 , Issue 2 , April 1998 , pp. 239 - 261
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 1998

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