Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-07T23:17:13.039Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Red Mountain: An Early Pioneer Period Hohokam Site in the Salt River Valley of Central Arizona

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Donald H. Morris
Donald H. Morris*
Affiliation:
Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Test excavations made in the spring of 1964 along the Salt River near Mesa, Arizona, by personnel from the Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, provide new data on the earliest Hohokam. The Red Mountain site produced inhumations, a burial cairn, a different grinding-tool complex, and other items previously unknown in early Hohokam associations. Since only Vahki Plain and Vahki Red pottery are present, the site might be designated Vahki phase; however, this designation alone would obscure and ignore the important differences that are present. There are several better interpretations, two about equally plausible: (1) since the only other excavations in early Hohokam sites in the Red Mountain area have also produced inhumations and at least one other burial cairn, and these sites span the Pioneer period, one can emphasize the persistence of differences in the Red Mountain area by identifying a "Red Mountain branch" Hohokam at least through the Pioneer period; hence, Vahki phase, Red Mountain branch. This designation employs a traditional South-western concept. On the other hand (2) if one subscribes to the hypothesis that both Mogollon and Hohokam are derived from the San Pedro stage Cochise, the Red Mountain data support the identification of a phase transitional between San Pedro stage and Vahki phase — Red Mountain phase. This latter interpretation does not preclude a Red Mountain branch.

Type
Research Article
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 34 , Issue 1 , January 1969 , pp. 40 - 53
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 1969

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Dick, Herbert W. 1965 Bat Cave. The School of American Research, Monograph No. 27. Santa Fe.Google Scholar
DiPeso, Charles C. 1956 The Upper Pima of San Cayetano del Tumacacori. The Amerind Foundation, Publication No. 7. Dragoon.Google Scholar
Eddy, Frank W. 1958 A Sequence of Cultural and Alluvial Deposits in the Cienega Creek Basin, Southeastern Arizona. MS, Master's thesis, University of Arizona, Tucson.Google Scholar
Gladwin, Harold S. 1948 Excavations at Snaketown IV: Reviews and Conclusions. Medallion Papers, No. 38. Globe.Google Scholar
Gladwin, Harold S. and Others 1937 Excavations at Snaketown I: Material Culture. Medallion Papers, No. 25. Globe.Google Scholar
Haury, Emil W. 1945 The Excavation of Los Muertos and Neighboring Ruins in the Salt River Valley, Southern Arizona. Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 24, No. 1. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Haury, Emil W. 1950 The Stratigraphy and Archaeology of Ventana Cave, Arizona. University of Arizona Press, Tucson; University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.Google Scholar
Haury, Emil W. 1957 An Alluvial Site on the San Carlos Indian Reservation, Arizona. American Antiquity, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 2–27. Salt Lake City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haury, Emil W. 1962 The Greater American Southwest. In “Courses Toward Urban Life,” edited by Robert J. Braid-wood and Gordon R. Willey. Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology, No. 32. New York.Google Scholar
Haury, Emil W. 1965 Snaketown: 1964–1965. The Kiva, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 1–13. Tucson.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haury, Emil W. and Sayles, E. B. 1947 An Early Pit House Village of the Mogollon Culture, Forestdale Valley, Arizona. University of Arizona Bulletin, Vol. 18, No. 4. (Social Science Bulletin No. 16.) Tucson.Google Scholar
Ives, John C. 1966 Four Hohokam Burials. Paper read at 31st Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, May, 1966, Reno.Google Scholar
Ives, John C. and Dan J. Opfenring 1966 Some Investigations Into the Nature of the Early Phases of the Hohokam Culture, Central Arizona. A preliminary report submitted to the National Science Foundation, Washington.Google Scholar
Johnson, Alfred E. 1964 Archaeological Excavations in Hohokam Sites of Southern Arizona. American Antiquity, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 145–61. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Robinson, William J. and Sprague, Roderick 1965 Disposal of the Dead at Point of Pines, Arizona. American Antiquity, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 442–53. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Sayles, E. B. 1945 The San Simon Branch: Excavations at Cave Creek and in the San Simon Valley I: Material Culture. Medallion Papers, No. 34. Globe.Google Scholar
Sayles, E. B. and Antevs, Ernst 1941 The Cochise Culture. Medallion Papers, No. 29. Globe.Google Scholar
Schroeder, Albert H. 1940 A Stratigraphic Survey of Pre-Spanish Trash Mounds of the Salt River Valley, Arizona. MS, Master's thesis, University of Arizona, Tucson.Google Scholar
Schroeder, Albert H. 1960 The Hohokam, Sinagua, and Hakataya. Archives of Archaeology, No. 5. Madison.Google Scholar
Stanislawski, Michael B. 1963 Extended Burials in the Prehistoric Southwest. American Antiquity, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 308–19. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Wasley, William W. 1966 Classic Period Hohokam. Paper read at 31st Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, May, 1966, Reno.Google Scholar
Wheat, Joe Ben 1955 Mogollon Culture Prior to A.D. 1000. Memoir of the American Anthropological Association, No. 82. Menasha.Google Scholar
Wormington, H. M. 1951 Prehistoric Indians of the Southwest. The Denver Museum of Natural History, Popular Series No. 7, Second Edition. Denver.Google Scholar