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Social Formations, Modo de Vida, and Conflict in Archaeology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bradley E. Ensor
Bradley E. Ensor*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, 1112 Turlington Hall, PO Box 117305, Gainesville, FL 32611-7305 and Archaeological Consulting Services, 424 W. Broadway, Tempe, AZ 85281
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Abstract

The focus of archaeological investigation is shifting from generalizations about societies for comparative theory-building to the internal dynamics of societies. The generalizations made in processual archaeology have been attacked for ignoring conflict and the modo de vida: the concrete rhythms of daily life. As a result, the increased attention to internal dynamics is beginning to paint complex pictures of social relationships. A structural marxist approach that was associated with functionalism is reappraised and argued to be suitable for understanding the complexities of individual's daily lives and power relations. Rather than viewing social formations as systems comprised of multiple modes of production that influence one another, individuals are argued to have crossed between modes. The sets of social relations comprise the totality of people's daily experiences. Furthermore, within each mode of production are different recognizable variations that produce dynamic sets of relations. An application to the U.S. Southwest illustrates this social formations approach to modo de vida and conflict.

Resumen

Resumen

El enfoque de investigaciones arqueológicas está desviando desde generalizaciones de sociedades para hacer teoría a la dinámica interna social. Las generalizaciones han sido criticadas por ignorar conflicto y el modo de vida: los ritmos concretos de la vida diaria. Como resultado, esta creciente atención a las dinámicas internas demuestran relaciones sociales complejas. Un método marxista estructural, asociado confuncionalismo, esta reconsiderado y debatido para intender la complejidad de las vidas diarias de individuos y las relaciones de poder. En lugar de ver formaciones sociales como sistemas de modos de producción múltiples que influyen cada uno, los individuos cruzaron entre modos. Las colecciones de relaciones sociales comprenden la totalidad de las experiencias diarias de la gente. Además, adentro de cada modo de producción hay variantes diferentes y reconocibles que producen colecciones de relaciones dindmicas. Una aplicacion al suroeste de E. U. A. demuestra este método de formaciones sociales al modo de vida y conflicto.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 65 , Issue 1 , January 2000 , pp. 15 - 42
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 2000

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