Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T17:45:45.141Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Research On Sub-Saharan Africa's Unrecorded International Trade: Some Methodological and Conceptual Problems*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 May 2014

Stephen Ellis  and
Janet MacGaffey
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The New Directions Papers is a new series of the Joint Committee on African Studies (JCAS) of the American Council of Learned Societies (ACLS) and the Social Science Research Council (SSRC). The purpose of New Directions is to open or re-open a field of African studies which has been neglected or in which not enough new work has been done. Thus, it is intended as a forum for challenging rather than surveying research agendas and received wisdoms that have shaped understandings about Africa. The Committee seeks papers that are empirically-based but methodologically- or theoretically-minded. For example, a case study would be viewed as an opportunity to show how a new perspective on African realities can be achieved through an innovative approach. In general, the Committee favors papers that can help colleagues who work in Africa to renew their practice of the field. The series will appear jointly in the African Studies Review and Cahiers d'etudes africaines, published simultaneously in English and French.

Type
Articles
Information
African Studies Review , Volume 39 , Issue 2 , September 1996 , pp. 19 - 41
Copyright
Copyright © African Studies Association 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

We are grateful to Béatrice Hibou and Bogumil Jewsiewicki, as well as to a number of anonymous reviewers, for comments on an earlier draft of this article.

References

Alessandrini, Sergio and Dallago, Bruno (eds.) 1987. The Unofficial Economy. Aldershot: Gower.Google Scholar
Azam, J. P. and Besley, T.. 1991. “General Equilibrium with Parallel Markets for Goods and Foreign Exchange: Theory and Application to Ghana,” World Development 17, 12:1921–1989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bank, Leslie. 1990. “The Making of the Qwaqwa ‘Mafia’? Patronage and Protection in the Migrant Taxi Business,” African Studies 49, i: 71–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barbier, Edward, Burgess, Joanne, Swanson, Timothy and Pearce, David. 1990. Elephants, Economics and Ivory. London: Earthscan.Google Scholar
Baynham, Simon. 1995. “The Fourth Horseman of the Apocalypse: Drug Trafficking in Africa,” Africa Insight 25, 3: 149–153.Google Scholar
Bazenguissa, Rémy and MacGaffey, Janet. 1995. “Vivre et briller: à Paris, des jeunes Congolais et Zairois en marge de la légalité économique,” Politique Africaine 57:124–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cesoni, Maria Luisa. 1992. “Les routes des drogues: explorations en Afrique subsaharienne. État des lieux pour une approche critique,” Revue Tiers Monde 33, no. 131:645–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coquery-Vidrovitch, Catherine. 1969. “Recherches sur une mode de production africaine,” Pensée 144:3–20.Google Scholar
Cornelius, Wayne A. 1982. “Interviewing Undocumented Immigrants: Methodological Reflections Based on Fieldwork in Mexico and the US,” International Migration Review 16: 378–411.Google Scholar
Cronje, S., Ling, M. and Cronje, G.. 1976. Lonrho: Portrait of a Multinational. Harmonds worth: Julian Friedmann and Penguin.Google Scholar
Curtin, Philip. 1984. Cross-Cultural Trade in World History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Boeck, Filip. Forthcoming. “The Zaïrian Crisis: Local and Global Perspectives,” in Ranger, T. O. and Werbner, R.P. (eds.), Postcolonial Identities in Africa. London: Zed.Google Scholar
De Villers, Gauthier. 1992. Zaire, années 90. Zaire 1990-1991: faits et dits de la société d'après le regard de la presse. Brussels: CEDAF.Google Scholar
Dijkstra, T. and Magori, T.D.. 1995. “Flowers and French Beans from Kenya: a Story of Export Success,” in Ellis, Stephen and Fauré, Yves A. (eds.) Entreprises et entrepreneurs africains. Paris: Karthala, 435–44.Google Scholar
Douglas-Hamilton, Iain and Douglas-Hamilton, Oria. 1992. Battle for the Elephants. London: Doubleday.Google Scholar
Dupriez, Pierre. 1968. “Les relations économiques extérieures (du Congo),” Indépendance, inflation, développement: l'économie congolaise de 1960 à 1965, 559–724. Kinshasa: IRES, Université Lovanium de Kinshasa. Paris: Mouton.Google Scholar
Ebin, Victoria. 1993. “Les commerçants mourides à Marseille et à New York: regards sur les stratégies d'implantation,” in Grégoire, Emmanuel and Labazée, Pascal (eds.) Grands commerçants d'Afrique de l'Ouest: logiques et pratiques d'un groupe d'hommes d'affaires contemporains. Paris: Karthala, 101–24.Google Scholar
Ebin, Victoria. 1992. “A la recherche de nouveaux ‘poissons’: stratégies commerciales mourides par temps de crise,” Politique Africaine 45:86–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Egg, Johnny and Igue, John O.. 1993. L'intégration par les marchés dans le sous-espace est: l'impact du Nigéria sur ses voisins immédiats. Club du Sahel-CILSS. Paris: INRA-UNB-IRAM.Google Scholar
Ellis, Stephen and Fauré, Yves-André (eds.) 1995. Entreprises et entrepreneurs africains. Paris: Karthala.Google Scholar
Fottorino, Eric. 1991. La piste blanche: l'Afrique sous l'emprise de la drogue. Paris: Balland.Google Scholar
Gudeman, Stephen and Rivera, Alberto. 1990. Conversations in Columbia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guyer, Jane. 1981. “Household and Community in African Studies,” African Studies Review 24, ii–iii: 87–137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herrera, Javier. 1992a. “Observatoire OCISCA. Impact des politiques différentielles et échanges transfrontaliers Cameroun-Nigeria,” Rapport de Mission: Provinces du Littoral, Sud-Ouest, Ouest et Nord-Ouest (29/6/92-5/7/92; 13/7/92-19/7/92). Paris: ORSTOM, mimeo.Google Scholar
Herrera, Javier. 1992b. “Bétail, naira et franc CFA:un flux transfrontalier entre Nigéria et Cameroun.” Study in the North-West province of Cameroon supported by OCISCA. Paris: ORSTOM, mimeo.Google Scholar
Hibou, Béatrice. 1990. Analyse comparée des politiques de protection et de régulation des marchés céréaliers ouest-africains. Club du Sahel-CILSS. Paris: INRA-UNB-IRAM.Google Scholar
Hibou, Béatrice. 1996. L'Afrique est-elle protectionniste! Les chemins buissonniers de la libéralisation extérieure. Paris: Karthala.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hugon, Philippe and Deblé, I. (eds.) 1982. Vivre et survivre dans les villes africaines. Paris: Presses universitaires de France.Google Scholar
Igue, John O. and Soule, Bio G.. 1992. L'État entrepôt au Bénin:commerce informel ou solution à la crise? Paris: Karthala.Google Scholar
Klein, Axel. 1994. “Trapped in the Traffick: Growing Problems of Drug Consumption in Lagos,” Journal of Modern African Studies 32, 4:657–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Labazée, Pascal. 1993. “Les échanges entre le Mali, le Burkina Faso et le nord de la Côte d'Ivoire,” in Grégoire, Emmanuel and Labazée, Pascal (eds.) Grands commerçants d'Afrique de l'Ouest: logiques et pratiques d'un groupe d'hommes d'affaires contemporains. Paris: Karthala, 125–74.Google Scholar
Lambert, Agnès. 1993. “Les commerçantes maliennes du chemin de fer Dakar-Bamako,” in Grégoire, Emmanuel and Labazée, Pascal (eds.) Grands commerçants d'Afrique de l'Ouest: logiques et pratiques d'un groupe d'hommes d'affaires contemporains. Paris: Karthala, 37–70 Google Scholar
Lovejoy, Paul. 1986. Salt of the Desert Sun. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
MacGaffey, Janet, (with Vwakyanakazi Mukohya, Rukarangira wa Nkera, Brooke Grundfest Schoepf, Makwala ma Mavambu Ye Beda and Walu Engundu). 1991. The Real Economy of Zaire: the Contribution of Smuggling and Other Unofficial Activities to National Wealth. London: James Currey.Google Scholar
MacGaffey, Janet and Bazenguissa, Rémy. 1995. “Ostentation in a Clandestine Setting: Young Congolese and Zairian Migrants in Nganda Bars in Paris,” Mondes en Développement 23, no. 91:105–11.Google Scholar
MacGaffey, Janet and Bazenguissa, Rémy. Forthcoming. “The End of the Rainbow: Three Case Studies of Women Traders from Central Africa,” in Wilson, Tamar D. and Marti, Judith E. (eds.) Women in the Informal Sector. New York: SUNY Press.Google Scholar
May, Ernesto. 1985. Exchange Controls and Parallel Market Economies in Sub-Saharan Africa: Focus on Ghana. Washington D.C.: World Bank Staff Working Papers, no. 711.Google Scholar
Nabuguzi, Emmanuel. 1992. “Le Magendo, l'État et la société en Ouganda.” Ph.D. Diss., Ecole des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris.Google Scholar
Naudé, B. and Kistner, W.. 1994. “100 Days in the New South Africa.” Braamfontein: Ecumenical Advice Bureau.Google Scholar
Naudé, B. and Kistner, W.. 1994. “100 Days in the New South Africa.” Braamfontein: Ecumenical Advice Bureau.Google Scholar
Parker, Ian. 1979. “The Ivory Trade.” Washington: US Fish and Wildlife Service, unpublished.Google Scholar
Parker, Ian and Amin, Mohamed. 1983. Ivory Crisis. London: Chatto and Windus.Google Scholar
Penouil, M. and Lachaud, J.-P. (eds.) 1985. Le développement spontané. Les activités informelles en Afrique. Paris: Pedone.Google Scholar
Prunier, Gérard. 1983. “Le Magendo: essai sur quelques aspects marginaux des échanges commerciaux en Afrique Orientale,” Politique Africaine 9:53–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reno, William. 1993. “Foreign Firms and the Financing of Charles Taylor's NPFL,” Liberian Studies Journal 18, 2:175–87.Google Scholar
Richards, Paul. 1995. “Liberia and Sierra Leone,” in Furley, O. W. (ed.) Conflict in Africa. London: I.B. Tauris, 134–70.Google Scholar
Roseberry, William. 1983. Coffee and Capitalism in the Venezuelan Andes. Austin: Univ. of Texas Press.Google Scholar
wa Nkera, Rukarangira and Schoepf, Brooke Grundfest. 1991. “Unrecorded Trade in Southeast Shaba and Across Zaire's Southern Borders,” in The Real Economy of Zaire, by MacGaffey, Janet with Mukohya, Vwakyanakazi, wa Nkera, Rukarangira, Schoepf, Brooke Grundfest, Beda, Makwala ma Mavambu Ye and Engundu, Walu. London: James Currey, 72–96.Google Scholar
Schoepf, Brooke Grundfest and Engundu, Walu. 1991. “Women's Trade and Contributions to Household Budgets in Kinshasa,” in The Real Economy of Zaire, by MacGaffey, Janet with Mukohya, Vwakyanakazi, wa Nkera, Rukarangira, Schoepf, Brooke Grundfest, Beda, Makwala ma Mavambu Ye and Engundu, Walu. London: James Currey, 124–151.Google Scholar
Stary, Bruno. 1994. “Les ressources de la frontière: l'exemple Ghana-Côte d'Ivoire.” Paper presented at the International Colloquium on Integration and Regionalism, Centre d'études d'Afrique noire, Talence, 27–30 04.Google Scholar
Tanzi, Vito (ed.) 1982. The Underground Economy in the United States and Abroad. Lexington, Mass.: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Thomas, J.J. 1992. Informal Economic Activity. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
United States Department of State, Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs. 1995. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, March 1995. Washington D.C.: US Government Printing Office.Google Scholar
Vwakyanakazi, Mukohya. 1982. “African Traders in Butembo, Eastern Zaire (1960–1980): a Case Study of Informal Entrepreneurship in a Cultural Context of Central Africa.” Ph.D. Diss., University of Wisconsin, Madison.Google Scholar
Vwakyanakazi, Mukohya. 1991. “Import and Export in the Second Economy in North Kivu,” in The Real Economy of Zaire, by MacGaffey, Janet, with Mukohya, Vwakyanakazi, wa Nkera, Rukarangira, Schoepf, Brooke Grundfest, Beda, Makwala ma Mavambu Ye, Engundu, Walu 43–71. London: James Currey.Google Scholar
Vwakyanakazi, Mukohya. 1992. “Creuseurs d'or et crise socio-économique au Nord-Kivu en République du Zaire,” Africa (Roma) 3:375–91.Google Scholar