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Migration and development in Western Kenya, 1971–82: a retrospective analysis of primary school leavers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2011

W. T. S. Gould
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Extract

The early years of the 1970s saw two important milestones for the political economy and historiography of Kenya. The ILO report of 1972 was a major critique of Kenya's development efforts since independence that identified growing problems of poverty and inequality which were the result of policies that in many other respects achieved desirable objectives (International Labour Office, 1972). The ILO diagnosis and proposals had some direct influence on government policies, notably in the Third and Fourth Development Plans, for 1974–78 and 1979–83 respectively, and several but by no means all or even the majority of the proposals were acted upon, e.g. in policies towards agriculture (Clayton, 1978). Equally important, however, was its indirect effect on creating a climate of opinion that emphasized a ‘basic needs’ approach (Ghai et al., 1979) and ‘redistribution through growth’ (Chenery et al., 1974) and brought the attention of the public, the government and of scholars to the problems of rural and urban poverty in Kenya at a time when they seemed to be growing alarmingly.

Résumé

Migration et développement au Kenya occidental, 1971–82

Les historiques rétrospectifs de 1971–82 de résidence des jeunes qui ont terminé leur cycle primaire sont utilisés pour examiner les effets de la croissance démographique et urbaine nationale, de l'expansion rurale et de la différenciation rurale de Tiriki, Province Occidentale, Kenya. En dépit de changements importants dans la distribution des opportunités économiques au Kenya dans les années 1970, la mobilité observée des cohortes successives des jeunes qui ont terminé leur cycle primaire est caractérisée par la continuité plutôt que par le changement. La mobilité circulaire est dominante, les propensités à la migration sont élevées et Nairobi continue à être la dominante des destinations pour toutes les cohortes. Ces caractéristiques de la mobilité de la population reflètent l'appauvrissement progressif de Tiriki au cours des années 1970 plutôt que des changements dans la distribution des opportunités dans l'économie commerciale.

Type
Kenyan development: local studies
Information
Africa , Volume 55 , Issue 3 , July 1985 , pp. 262 - 285
Copyright
Copyright © International African Institute 1985

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