Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T17:50:50.608Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Loma political culture: a phenomenology of structural form

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2011

Résumé

La culture politique de haute Guinée est souvent décrite comme un système de souveraineté duale qui s'exprime dans un idiome de parenté bilatérale. Cet article tente de déterminer si ce modèle s'applique à la société Loma, culture prototypique de haute Guinée. Le résultat est largement négatif. Des données empiriques suggèrent une répartition plus complexe des pouvoirs politiques et religieux, et l'analyse de la corrélation entre la structure rituelle et sociale de la société Loma indique la nécessité de revoir la conceptualisation actuelle de la culture politique de haute Guinée. En conséquence, bien que l'alliance matrilatérale soit en effet au cœur de l'organisation sociale, politique et religieuse de la société Loma, il existe d'importantes limitations de son potentiel cognitif, concernant notamment les associations influentes soi-disant secrètes.

Type
Past paradigms, present data
Information
Africa , Volume 69 , Issue 4 , October 1999 , pp. 535 - 554
Copyright
Copyright © International African Institute 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

d'Azevedo, W. 1959. ‘The setting of Gola society and culture: some theoretical implications of variation in time and space’, Kroeber Anthropological Society Papers 21, 43125.Google Scholar
d'Azevedo, W. 1962. ‘Some historical problems in the delineation of a Central West Atlantic region’, Annals of New York Academy of Sciences 96, 512–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
d'Azevedo, W. 1980. ‘Gola Poro and Sande: primal tasks in social custodianship’, Ethnologische Zeitschrift Zürich 1, 1323.Google Scholar
Barnard, A., and Good, A. 1984. Research Practices in the Study of Kinship. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Béavogui, F. 1991. ‘Contribution à l'histoire des Loma de la Guinée de la fin du XIXe siècle à 1945’. Doctorat Histoire thesis, University of Paris VII.Google Scholar
Béavogui, F. 1995. ‘Place et rôle de Gamé Guilavogui dans la naissance d'un nationalisme loma pendant la colonisation francaise’, Histoire et Anthropologie 11, 138–45.Google Scholar
Bellman, B. L. 1980. ‘Masks, societies, and secrecy among the Fala Kpelle’, in Adams, M. (ed.), Ethnologische Zeitschrift Zürich 1, 6177.Google Scholar
Bellman, B. L. 1984. The Language of Secrecy: symbols and metaphors in Poro ritual. New Brunswick NJ: Rutgers University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brunschwig, H. 1971. Le Partage de l'Afrique noire. Paris: Flammarion.Google Scholar
, Butt-Thompson, Captain, F. W. 1929. West African Secret Societies: their organizations, officials and teaching. Reprinted 1970, Westport CT: Negro Universities Press.Google Scholar
Clastres, P. 1977. ‘Archéologie de la violence: la guerre dans les sociétés primitives’, Libre 1, 137–73.Google Scholar
Currens, G. E. 1972. ‘The Loma avunculate: an exercise in the utility of two models’, Ethnology 11 (2), 111–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Currens, G. E. 1974. ‘The Loma Farmer: a socio-economic study of rice cultivation and the uses of resources among a people of northwestern Liberia’. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Eugene OR: University of Oregon.Google Scholar
Dorjahn, V. R. 1959. ‘The organisation and function of the Ragbenle society of the Temne’, Africa 29, 156–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dorjahn, V. R. 1960. ‘The changing political system of the Temne’, Africa 30, 110–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fairhead, J. and Leach, M. 1996. Misreading the African Landscape. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fulton, R. M. 1972. ‘The political structures and functions of Poro in Kpelle society’, American Anthropologist 74, 1218–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaisseau, P. D. 1953. Forêt sacrée: magie et rites secrets des Toma. Paris: Albin-Michel.Google Scholar
Gamory-Dubordeau, P. M. 1926. ‘Notice sur les coutumes des Toma de la frontière franco-libérienne’, Bulletin du Comité d'études historiques et scientifiques de l'Afrique occidentale française 9 (2), 288350.Google Scholar
Geysbeek, T. 1994. Fala Wubo and the Wòmò (Kònò) in Loma Oral Traditions of Origin. Liberia Working Group Papers 11. Berlin: Liberia Working Group.Google Scholar
Geysbeek, T. 1995. ‘Warriors, Clerics, and the Ants: Manding accounts of the ancient ‘kono war’ along the Guinea-Liberia border’. Paper presented at the 1995 annual meeting of the African Studies Association, Orlando FL.Google Scholar
Harley, G. W. 1941. Notes on the Poro in Liberia, Peabody Museum Papers 19 (2). Cambridge MA: Peabody Museum of Harvard University.Google Scholar
Holas, B. 1955. Le Culte de Zié: éléments de la religion Kono. Dakar.Google Scholar
Hopkins, N. S. 1971. ‘Maninka social organisation’, in Hodge, C. T. (ed.), Papers on the Manding, p. 99. Bloomington IN: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Horton, R. 1972. ‘Stateless societies in the history of West Africa’, in Ajayi, J. F. A. and Crowder, M. (eds), History of West Africa I, pp. 78119. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Hubert, H. and Mauss, M. 1899. ‘Essai sur la nature et la fonction du sacrifice’, in Mauss, M., Oeuvres I, Les Fonctions sociales du sacré. Reprinted 1968, Paris: Editions du minuit.Google Scholar
Humphrey, C. and Laidlaw, J. 1994. The Archetypal Actions of Ritual. Oxford: Clarendon Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Højbjerg, C. K. 1995. ‘Staging the Invisible: essays on Loma ritual and cultural knowledge’. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Højbjerg, C. K. 1998. ‘Tradition Invented or Inherited? The construction of Loma cultural identity’. Paper presented at the fifth biennial EASA conference, Frankfurt, 4-7 September.Google Scholar
Jackson, M. 1977. ‘Sacrifice and social structure among the Kuranko’, Africa 47, 41-9, 123–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, M. 1998. Minima Ethnographica: inter subjectivity and the anthropological project. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Kopytoff, I. 1987. ‘The internal African frontier: the making of African political culture’, in Kopytoff, I. (ed.), The African Frontier: the reproduction of traditional African societies, pp. 384. Bloomington IN: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Leach, M. 1994. Rainforest Relations: gender and resource use among the Mende of Gola, Sierra Leone. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press; Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, for the International African Institute.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leopold, R. S. 1991. ‘Prescriptive Alliance and Ritual Collaboration in Loma Society’. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Indiana.Google Scholar
Levi-Strauss, C. 1963. ‘Do dual organizations exist?’, in his Structural Anthropology, pp. 132–63. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Little, K. 1965. ‘The political functions of the Poro’ I, Africa 35, 349–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Little, K. 1966. ‘The political functions of the Poro’ II, Africa 36, 6272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maasing, A. W. 1978-1979. ‘Materials for a history of western Liberia: Samori and the Malinke frontier in the Toma sector’, Liberian Studies Journal VIII, 4967.Google Scholar
Murphy, W. P. 1981. ‘The rhetorical management of dangerous knowledge in Kpelle brokerage’, American Anthropologist 8, 667–85.Google Scholar
Murphy, W. P. 1990. ‘Creating the appearance of consensus in Mende political discourse’, American Anthropologist 92, 2441.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murphy, W. P. and Bledsoe, C. H. 1987. ‘Kinship and territory in the history of a Kpelle chiefdom (Liberia)’, in Kopytoff, I. (ed.), The African Frontier, pp. 123–47. Bloomington IN: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Paulme, D. 1947. ‘La notion de sacrifice chez un peuple “fétichiste”: les Kissi de la Guinée française’, Revue de I'histoire des religions CXXXII, 4866.Google Scholar
Paulme, D. 1960. ‘La société Kissi: son organisation politique’, Cahier d'études africaines 1-2, 7385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Person, Y. 1968. Samori: une révolution dyula. Dakar: Ifan.Google Scholar
Person, Y. 1971. ‘Ethnic movements and acculturation in Upper Guinea since the fifteenth century’, African Historical Studies 4, 669–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richards, P. 1996. Fighting for the Rain Forest: war, youth and resources in Sierra Leone. Oxford: James Currey; Portsmouth RI: Heinemann, for the International African Institute.Google Scholar
Schnell, R. 1949. ‘Notes sur le folklore des montagnes dans la région forestière d'Afrique occidentale’, Notes Africaines 41, 34.Google Scholar
Suret-Canale, J. 1966. ‘La fin de la chefferie en Guinée, Journal of African History VII, 459–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Voltz, W. 1908-1910. ‘Reise durch das Hinterland von Liberia im Winter 1906/07’, Jahresbericht der Geographischen Gesellschaft von Bern 22, 113280.Google Scholar
Westermann, D. 1921. Die Kpelle. Göttingen and Leipzig: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.Google Scholar