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‘Making men fall’: queer power beyond anti-normativity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2021

Abstract

In modern social thinking, norms are generally thought of in opposition to a space of freedom that is more or less curtailed by and through processes of normalization. ‘Transgression’ thereby becomes an implicit or explicit act of resistance against the norm. This is particularly clear in Western Queer Theory, where a political and analytical investment in anti-normativity has – paradoxically – become a field-defining norm. Yet such strong anti-normativity can become a liability when trying to do justice to actually existing queer dynamics in past and present African realities. Drawing from ethnographic fieldwork among sexually dissident young men who call themselves ‘fioto’ in urban Democratic Republic of Congo, this article shifts the always already oppositional relationship between queerness and normativity – not by arguing that queer is normal too or by showing that queer lives produce their own norms alongside heteronormativity, but by suggesting that queerness is a potential of normativity, rather than an opposition to it. It specifically thinks with two groups of fioto friends in Kisangani to show how and why norms generated their own queerness – as something that was already there as an inherent dimension of their own dynamism and multiplicity.

Résumé

Résumé

Dans les sciences sociales, les normes sont souvent pensées comme étant en opposition avec une espace de liberté qui serait plus ou moins réduite par des processus de normalisation. La transgression deviendrait alors un acte implicite ou explicite de résistance à la norme. Cette perspective est particulièrement présente dans la théorie « queer » occidentale, où un investissement politique et analytique dans « l'anti-normativité » est devenu – paradoxalement – une norme qui définit ce champ critique. Cette anti-normativité intense peut néanmoins devenir un inconvénient quand on essaie de rendre plus concrètement les dynamiques « queer » qui existent dans des réalités africaines actuelles ou passées. En s'appuyant sur une recherche ethnographique avec de jeunes dissidents sexuels masculins qui s'identifient comme « fioto » dans les villes de la République Démocratique du Congo, cet article change la relation toujours déjà oppositionnelle entre le queer et le normatif. Non pas en soutenant que le queer est aussi normal, ni en montrant que les vies queer produisent leurs propres normes à côté de l'hétéronormativité, mais en suggérant que le queer est un potentiel de la normativité, plutôt qu'une opposition. Plus spécifiquement, cet article pense avec deux groupes d'amis fioto à Kisangani afin de montrer comment et pourquoi des normes engendraient leur propres aspects queer – comme une potentialité qui était déjà là en tant que dimension inhérente à leur dynamisme et multiplicité.

Type
Queer experiences in Africa
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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