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Spray from aircraft undercarriages at high speed—a model investigation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 July 2016

R. V. Barrett
R. V. Barrett*
Affiliation:
Department of Aeronautical Engineering, University of Bristol
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Extract

The ability to operate when runways are flooded or slush-covered to some degree, must be demonstrated during the certification programme of any new civil transport aircraft. Failure to meet the requirements laid down will result in operating restrictions which may jeopardise the sales prospects of the aircraft. Most other types of aircraft will also have to operate occasionally in these adverse conditions.

The main problems result from the spray generated at the wheels, and are engine malfunction due to spray ingestion and damage due to its impingement on the airframe. An associated problem is the packing of slush into ducts, flap cavities, undercarriage bays, etc, with the attendant risks of damage to internal systems and jamming of mechanical parts. There is also a large additional drag load on the aircraft, due to the displacement of fluid by wheels and to spray impact on the airframe: this increases roughly in proportion to the depth and effectively limits the slush depth that can be tolerated on the runway. For many aircraft this limit is little more than one centimetre.

Type
Technical note
Information
The Aeronautical Journal , Volume 81 , Issue 797 , May 1977 , pp. 220 - 225
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 1977 

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References

1. Trott, M. W. The suppression of spray from aircraft wheels on flooded runways. Ministry of Defence, Procurement Executive, S & T Memo. 2-75.Google Scholar
2. Barrett, R. V. Research into slush drag, wheel spray and aquaplaning at Bristol University using small pneumatic tyres. Ministry ofDefence, Aeronautical Research Council R & M No 3682, 1971.Google Scholar
3. Barrett, R. V. Measurements of drag and spray produced by model pneumatic tyres moving through water layers.University of Bristol PhD Thesis 1967.Google Scholar
4. Lucas, R. G.,Holness, R.J.Aninvestigationof impingementforcesduetowheelgeneratedsprays. University of Bristol, Department of Aeronautical Engineering. Undergraduate Report No 200, 1976.Google Scholar
5. Morton, J. M. Wheel spray tests at Bristol University 1974/75. British Aircraft Corporation SST/B60-02/3734, 1975.Google Scholar