Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T02:34:21.320Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Internal or Residual Stresses in WroughtAluminium Alloys and their StructuralSignificance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2016

G. Forrest
G. Forrest*
Affiliation:
Aluminium Laboratories Limited, Banbury
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

In the design and production of structures it is commonly assumed that the raw material supplied in the form of bar, sheet, forgings and castings is homogeneous, isotropic and stress-free. Some failures in service and more in the laboratory have drawn attention to the possible dangers arising from inhomogeneity, directional properties and residual stresses. It is the purpose of the present paper to review the situation with regard to the last, which the production engineer, who has to cope with distortion on machining, at least cannot ignore.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Aeronautical Journal , Volume 58 , Issue 520 , April 1954 , pp. 261 - 276
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 1954

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Zeerleder, A. von (1941). Quenching Stresses in Aluminium Alloys. Journal of the Institute of Metals, Vol. 67, pp. 87–99, 1941, and Vol. 68, p. 17, 1942.Google Scholar
2. Kempf, L. W., Hopkins, H. L. and Ivanso, E. V. (1934). Internal Stresses in Quenched Aluminum and some Aluminum Alloys. Trans. Amer. Inst. Min. Met. Eng., Vol. 111, pp. 158–180, 1934.Google Scholar
3. Wassermann, G. (1935). Quenching Stresses. Mitt. K.W. Inst. Eisenforschung, Vol. 17, pp. 167–174, 1935.Google Scholar
4. Horn, K. R. (1953). Residual Stresses introduced during Metal Fabrication. Journal of Metals, Vol. 5, pp. 405–422, 1953.Google Scholar
5. Forrest, G. (1946). Journal of the Institute of Metals, Vol. 72, pp. 523–527, 1946.Google Scholar
6. Linicus, W. and Sachs, G. (1931). Researches on the Properties of Drawn Wires and the Power Consumption in Wire Drawing. Mitt. Material., Sonderheft, Vol. 16, 1931, pp. 38–67.Google Scholar
7. Bühler, H. and Schulz, E. H. The Reduction of Residual Stresses in Cold Drawn Bars. Stahl und Eisen, Vol. 70, pp. 1147–1152, 1950, and (summarised in English) The Engineer's Digest, Vol. 12, pp. 123-125, 1951.Google Scholar
8. Sachs, G. and Espey, G. (1942). Residual Stress in Sunk Cartridge-Brass Tubing. Trans. Amer. Inst. Min. Met. Eng., Vol. 147, pp. 74–88, 1942.Google Scholar
9. Brewer, G. (1943). Residual Stresses in Wire Loops at Anchorage Shoes or Grommets. Metal Progress, Vol. 44, pp. 441–447, 1943.Google Scholar
10. Forrest, G. (1948). Residual Stresses in Beams after Bending. Symposium on Internal Stresses in Metals and Alloys. The Institute of Metals, 1948, pp. 153–162.Google Scholar
11. Sopwith, D. G. (1948). The Production of Favourable Internal Stresses in Helical Compression Springs by Pre-Stressing. Symposium on Internal Stresses in Metals and Alloys. The Institute of Metals, 1948, pp. 195–207.Google Scholar
12. Frommer, L. and Lloyd, E. H. (1944). The Measurement of Residual Stresses in Metals by the X-ray Back-reflection Method with Special Reference to Industrial Components in Aluminium Alloys. Journal of the Institute of Metals, Vol. 70, pp. 91–124, 1944.Google Scholar
13. Benson, L. E. (1946). Control of Internal Stresses in Heat-Treated Aluminium Alloy Parts. Journal of the Institute of Metals, Vol. 72, pp. 501–510, 1946.Google Scholar
14. Ibid. Discussion by G. Forrest, p. 670.Google Scholar
15. Gunn, K. (1949). Effect of Variation in Temperature of Quenching Medium on Internal Stresses and Properties of Aluminium-Zinc-Magnesium Alloy Extrusions. Unpublished work, Aluminium Laboratories Limited, 1949.Google Scholar
16. Swift, H. W. (1944). Plastic Deformation of Metals. Metallurgia, Vol. 31, pp. 53–62, 1944.Google Scholar
17.American Society for Metals (1948). Metals Handbook, 1948.Google Scholar
18.Northern Aluminium Company Ltd. (1943). Effects on the Properties of Aluminium Alloys of Internal Stresses arising from either Heat Treatment or Mechanical Operations. M.A.P. Scientific and Technical Memorandum No. C4/43, 1943.Google Scholar
19. Foulkes, R. A. (1948). The Use of Light Alloy Structures. The Institution of Civil Engineers Structural Paper No. 21, 1948. Discussion by G. Forrest on pp. 37–38.Google Scholar
20. Yang, C. H., Beedle, L. S. and Johnston, B. G. (1952). Residual Stress and the Yield Strength of Steel Beams. The Welding Journal, Vol. 31, pp. 205S–229S, 1952.Google Scholar
21. Forrest, G. (1946). Some Experiments on the Effects of Residual Stresses on the Fatigue of Aluminium Alloys. Journal of the Institute of Metals, Vol. 72, pp. 1–17, 1946.Google Scholar
22. Rosenthal, D. and Sines, G. (1951). Effect of Residual Stress on the Fatigue Strength of Notched Specimens. Proc. Amer. Soc. Test. Mat., Vol. 51, pp. 593–608, 1951.Google Scholar
23. Ibid. Discussion by Templin, R. L., pp. 608–610.Google Scholar
24. Sachs, G. (1939). Improving Aircraft Propellers by Surface Rolling. Metals and Alloys, Vol. 10, pp. 19–23, 1939.Google Scholar
25. Gleason, C. B. (1947). Influence of Shot Peening on Fatigue Strength of 14ST Alloy. Iron Age, January 9th, 1947, pp. 62–64.Google Scholar
26.Results communicated by W. A. P. Fisher of the Royal Aircraft Establishment.Google Scholar
27. Tye, W. (1952). Fatigue and the Airworthiness Engineer. The Aeroplane, April 25th, 1952.Google Scholar
28. Wills, H. A. (1952). Structural Fatigue and Airline Safety. Aircraft (Australia), June 1952.Google Scholar
29. Teed, P. L. (1952). More Thoughts on Fatigue. The Aeroplane, June 7th, 1952.Google Scholar