Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T07:10:02.640Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Parametric analysis of composite sinusoidal specimens under quasi-static crushing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 June 2018

H. L. Mou
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Civil Aircraft Airworthiness TechnologyCivil Aviation University of [email protected]
X. Su
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Civil Aircraft Airworthiness TechnologyCivil Aviation University of [email protected]
J. Xie
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Civil Aircraft Airworthiness TechnologyCivil Aviation University of [email protected]
Z. Y. Feng
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Civil Aircraft Airworthiness TechnologyCivil Aviation University of [email protected]

Abstract

This paper aims to build the finite element model of the composite sinusoidal specimens and to carry out the parametric analysis. In this paper, the damage behaviour and the energy-absorbing results of composite sinusoidal specimens have been studied by quasi-static crushing experiments. The failure mechanisms of specimens under quasi-static crushing is further analysed. A numerical simulation has been performed by using the finite element model code LS-DYNA. The numerical results, in terms of load -displacement data, have been compared against experimental data, and good agreement has been found. Moreover, a sensitivity study has been carried out by varying material properties in order to assess their influence on the numerical results, and the material parameter selection scheme is optimised based on the constructed corresponding response surfaces. The results show that the response surface model has passed the test of goodness of fit, and the optimisation method can effectively assist the finite element modelling, and greatly decrease the numbers of trial and error.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Damodar, R.A. and Marshall, R. Design and evaluation of composite fuselage panels subjected to combined loading conditions, J Aircr, 2005, 42, (4), pp 10371045. doi: 10.2514/1.18994.Google Scholar
2.Fasanella, E.L. and Jackson, K.E. Crash simulation of a vertical drop test of a B737 fuselage section with auxiliary fuel tank, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Vehicle Technology Center, Langley Research Center, April 2000. https://www.fire.tc.faa.gov/2001Conference/files/CrashAnalyticalModelingSimulation/EFasanellaPAPER.pdfGoogle Scholar
3.Zou, T.C., Mou, H.L. and Feng, Z.Y. Research on effects of oblique struts on crashworthiness of composite fuselage sections, J Aircr, 2012, 49, (6), pp 20592063. doi: 10.2514/1.C031867.Google Scholar
4.Feraboli, P., Wade, B., Deleo, F., Rassaian, M., Higgins, M. and Byar, A. LS-DYNA MAT54 modeling of the axial crushing of a composite tape sinusoidal specimen, Composites: Part A, 2011, 42, (11), pp 18091825. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.08.004.Google Scholar
5.Damodar, R.A. and Marshall, R. Design and evaluation of composite fuselage panels subjected to combined loading conditions, J Aircr, 2005, 42, (4), pp 10371045. doi: 10.2514/1.18994.Google Scholar
6.Feng, Z.Y., Mou, H.L., Zou, T.C. and Ren, J. Research on effects of composite skin on crashworthiness of composite fuselage section, Int J Crashworthiness, 2013, 18, (5), pp 459464. doi: 10.1080/13588265.2013.805291.Google Scholar
7.Heimbs, S., Hoffmann, M., Waimer, M., Schmeer, S. and Blaurock, J. Dynamic testing and modelling of composite fuselage frames and fasteners for aircraft crash simulations, Int J Crashworthiness, 2013, 18, (4), pp 406422. doi: 10.1080/13588265.2013.801294.Google Scholar
8.Wiggenraad, J.F.M., Michielsen, A.L.P.J., Santoro, D., Lepage, F., Kindervater, C. and Beltran, F. Development of a crashworthy composite fuselage structure for a commuter aircraft, NLR-TP-99532, National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, 1999, pp 1-23.Google Scholar
9.Terry, J.E. Design and test of an improved crashworthiness small composite airplane, SAE Paper 2000-01-1673, Presented at the SAE General Aviation Technology Conference and Exposition, Wichita, KS, 2000, pp 1-18. doi: 10.4271/2000-01-1673.Google Scholar
10.Terry, J.E., Hooper, S.J. and Nicholson, M. Design and test of an improved crashworthiness small composite airplane, NASA/CR-2002-211774, NASA, Washington, DC, 2002, pp 1–228. https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20020068132.Google Scholar
11.David, D., Didier, J., Michel, M. and Gérard, W. Evaluation of finite element modeling methodologies for the design of crashworthy composite commercial aircraft fuselage, 24th International Congress of the Aeronautical Sciences, 2004, pp 1-10. http://www.icas.org/ICAS_ARCHIVE/ICAS2004/PAPERS/071.PDF.Google Scholar
12.Wiggenraad, J.F.M., Santoro, D., Lepage, F., Kindervater, C. and Mañez, H.C. Development of a crashworthy composite fuselage concept for a commuter aircraft, NLR-TP-2001-108, National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, 2001, pp 1-13.Google Scholar
13.Huang, J.C. and Wang, X.W. Numerical and experimental investigations on the axial crushing response of composite tubes, Composite Structures, 2009, 91, (2), pp 222228. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2009.05.006.Google Scholar
14.Mamalis, A.G., Manolakos, D.E., Ioannidis, M.B. and Papapostolou, D.P. The static and dynamic axial collapse of CFRP square composite tubes: Finite element modeling, J Composite Structures, 2006, 74, (2), pp 213225. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2005.04.006.Google Scholar
15.Palanivelu, S., Paepegem, W., Degrieck, J., Kakogiannis, D., Ackeren, J. and Hemelrijck, D. Parametric study of crushing parameters and failure patterns of pultruded composite tubes using cohesive elements and seam, Part I: Central delamination and triggering modeling, Polymer Testing, 2010, 29, (6), pp 729741. doi: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2010.05.010.Google Scholar
16.Xiao, X.R. Modeling energy absorption with a damage mechanics based composite material model, J Composite Materials, 2009, 43, (5), pp 427444. doi: 10.1177/0021998308097686.Google Scholar
17.Xiao, X.R., Botkin, M.E. and Johnson, N.L. Axial crush simulations of braided carbon tubes using MAT58 in LS-DYNA, Thin-Walled Structures, 2009, 47, (6-7), pp 22472259. doi: 10.1016/j.tws.2008.12.004.Google Scholar
18.Deleo, F., Wade, B., Feraboli, P. and Rassaian, M. Crashworthiness of composite structures: Experiment and simulation, Proceedings of the 50th AIAA Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, 4–7 May 2009, Palm Springs, California, US.Google Scholar
19.Ilcewicz, L.B. and Brian, M. Safety & certification initiatives for composite airframe structure, 46th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC structures, Structural Dynamics & Materials Conference, 18-21 April 2005, Austin, Texas, US.Google Scholar
20.Jackson, K.E. and Fasanella, E.L. Development of a scale model composite fuselage concept for improved crashworthiness, J Aircr, 2001, 38, (1), pp 95103. doi: 10.2514/2.2739.Google Scholar
21.Jackson, K.E. and Fasanella, E.L. Crash simulation of vertical drop tests of two Boeing 737 fuselage sections, DOT/FAA/AR-02/62, US Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, 2002, pp 1-96.Google Scholar
22.Jackson, K.E. and Fasanella, E.L. Development and validation of a finite element simulation of a vertical drop test of an ATR 42 regional transport airplane, DOT/FAA/AR-08/19, US Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, 2008, pp 1-81.Google Scholar
23.Waimer, M., Kohlgruber, D., Hachenberg, D. and Voggenreiter, H. Experimental study of CFRP components subjected to dynamic crash loads, Composite Structures, 2013, 105, pp 288299. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2013.05.030.Google Scholar
24.Mou, H.L., Zou, T.C., Feng, Z.Y. and Xie, J. Crashworthiness analysis and evaluation of fuselage section with sub-floor composite sinusoidal specimens, Latin American J Solids and Structures, 2016, 13, (6), pp 11871202. doi: 10.1590/1679-78252446.Google Scholar
25.Feraboli, P. Development of a corrugated test specimen for composite materials energy absorption, J Composite Materials, 2008, 42, (3), pp 229256. doi: 10.1177/0021998307086202.Google Scholar
26.Farley, G.L. and Jones, R.M. Crushing characteristics of continuous fiber-reinforced composite tubes, J Composite Materials, 1992, 26, (1), pp 3750. doi: 10.1177/002199839202600103.Google Scholar
27.Livermore Software Technology Corporation, LS-DYNA keyword user's manual, Version 971, 2006, Livermore, US.Google Scholar
28.Han, H.P., Taheri, F., Pegg, N. and Lu, Y. A numerical study on the axial crushing response of hybrid pultruded and ±45° braided tubes, Composite Structures, 2007, 80, (2), pp 253264. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2006.05.012.Google Scholar
29.Bonnie, W., Paolo, F., Morgan, O. and Mostafa, R. Simulating laminated composite materials using LS-DYNA material model MAT54: Single-element investigation, DOT/FAA/TC-14/19, US Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, 2015, pp 1-63.Google Scholar
30.Deepak, S. Crashworthy design and analysis of aircraft structures, A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Drexel University. Doctor of Philosophy, 2013.Google Scholar
31.Johnson, A., David, M., CMH-17 Crashworthiness wg: round robin simulation of crash elements, In: Proc. 56th Polymer Matrix Composite Materials Handbook Meeting. Federal Aviation Authority (FAA), CMH-17 crashworthiness forum, 19-22 July 2010, Costa Mesa, California, US. http://elib.dlr.de/67372.Google Scholar
32.Riccio, A., Saputo, S. and Sellitto, A. A user defined material model for the simulation of impact induced damage in composite, Key Engineering Materials, 2016, 713, pp 1417. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.713.14.Google Scholar
33.Riccio, A., Saputo, S., Sellitto, A., Raimondo, A. and Ricchiuto, R. Numerical investigation of a stiffened panel subjected to low velocity impacts, Key Engineering Materials, 2015, 66, pp 277280. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.665.277.Google Scholar
34.Pietropaoli, E. and Riccio, A. Formulation and assessment of an enhanced finite element procedure for the analysis of deamination growth phenomena in composite structures, Composite Science and Technology, 2011, 71, pp 836846. doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.01.026.Google Scholar
35.Carruthers, J., Kettle, A. and Robinson, A. Energy absorption capability and crashworthiness of composite material structures: A review, Applied Mechanics Reviews, 1998, 51, pp 635649. doi: 10.1115/1.3100758.Google Scholar
36.Johnson, A. and Kohlgruber, D. Design and performance of energy absorbing subfloor structures in aerospace applications, IMechE Seminar S672, Materials and Structures for Energy Absorption, London, England, May 2000.Google Scholar
37.Mc Carthy, M. and Wiggenraad, J. Numerical investigation of a crash test of a composite helicopter subfloor structure, Composite Structures, 2001, 51, pp 345359. doi: 10.1016/S0263-8223(00)00150-1.Google Scholar
38.Vicente, J.L.S., Beltrán, F. and Martínez, F. Simulation of impact on composite fuselage structures, European congress on computational methods in applied sciences and engineering ECCOMAS 2000; 11-14 September 2000, ECCOMAS, Barcelona, Spain; Regensburg, Germany.Google Scholar
39.Hanagud, S., Craig, I., Sriram, P. and Zhou, W. Energy absorption behaviour of graphite epoxy composite sine webs, J Composite Materials, 1989, 23, (5), pp 448459. doi: 10.1177/002199838902300502.Google Scholar
40.Jeryan, R. Energy management working group activities, Proceedings of the 48th MIL-HDBK-17 Coordination Meeting-Crashworthiness Working Group, March 2005, Charlotte, North Carolina, US.Google Scholar
41.Nailadi, C. A summary of the ACC tube testing program, Proceedings of the 49th MIL-HDBK-17 Coordination Meeting, December 2005, Santa Monica, California, US.Google Scholar
42.Jackson, A., Dutton, S., Gunnion, A. and Kelly, D. Investigation into laminate design of open carbon-fibre/epoxy sections by quasi-static and dynamic crushing, Composite Structures, 2011, 93, pp 26462654. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2011.04.032.Google Scholar
43.Fauzan, D., Shahrum, A., Ahmad, K.A. and Zulkifli, M.N. Multi objective optimization of foam-filled circular tubes for quasi-static and dynamic responses, Latin American J Solids and Structures, 2015, 12, (6), pp 11261143. doi: 10.1590/1679-78251638.Google Scholar
44.Ren, Y.R., Jiang, H.Y., Ji, W.Y., Zhang, H.Y., Xiang, J.W. and Yuan, F.G. Improvement of progressive damage model to predicting crashworthy composite corrugated plate, Applied Composite Materials, 2018, 25, (1), 4566. doi: 10.1007/s10443-017-9610-z.Google Scholar
45.Jiang, H.Y., Ren, Y.R., Gao, B.H. and Xiang, J.W. Numerical investigation on links between the stacking sequence and energy absorption characteristics of fabric and unidirectional composite sinusoidal plate, Composite Structures, 2017, 171, 382402. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.03.047.Google Scholar
46.Bonnie, W. and Paolo, F. Crushing behavior of laminated composite structural elements: Experiment and LS-DYNA simulation, DOT/FAA/TC-15/25, US Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, 2016, pp 1-213.Google Scholar