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The burden of major depressive disorder in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990–2019

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 September 2023

Saeid Safiri Open the ORCID record for Saeid Safiri [Opens in a new window] ,
Seyed Ehsan Mousavi ,
Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi ,
Maryam Noori ,
Mark J. M. Sullman ,
Ali-Asghar Kolahi  and
Reza Shekarriz-Foumani
Saeid Safiri*
Affiliation:
Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Seyed Ehsan Mousavi
Affiliation:
Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
Affiliation:
Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
Maryam Noori
Affiliation:
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mark J. M. Sullman
Affiliation:
Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
Ali-Asghar Kolahi
Affiliation:
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Reza Shekarriz-Foumani*
Affiliation:
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
*
Corresponding authors: S. Safiri; Email: safiris@tbzmed.ac.ir; R. Shekarriz-Foumani; Email: r.shekarriz@sbmu.ac.ir
Corresponding authors: S. Safiri; Email: safiris@tbzmed.ac.ir; R. Shekarriz-Foumani; Email: r.shekarriz@sbmu.ac.ir
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Abstract

Background:

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the leading causes of disability. We aimed to report the MDD-attributable prevalence, incidence and years lived with disability (YLDs) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region from 1990 to 2019 by age, sex and socio-demographic index (SDI).

Methods:

Publicly available data on the burden of MDD were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019 for the 21 countries in MENA. The counts and age-standardised rates (per 100,000) were presented, along with their corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals.

Results:

In 2019, MDD had an age-standardised point prevalence of 3322.1 and an incidence rate of 4921.7 per 100,000 population in MENA. Furthermore, there were 4.1 million YLDs in 2019. However, there were no substantial changes in the MDD burden over the period 1990–2019. In 2019, Palestine had the highest burden of MDD. The highest prevalence, incidence and YLDs attributable to MDD were found in the 35–39 age group. In 2019, the YLD rate in MENA was higher than the global rate for almost all age groups. Furthermore, there was a broadly negative association between the YLD rate and SDI.

Conclusion:

The study highlights the need to prevent the disorder using a multidisciplinary approach and for the provision of cost-effective treatments for those affected, in order to increase their quality of life.

Keywords

Major depressive disorderMiddle East and North Africaepidemiologyprevalenceincidenceyears lived with disability
Type
Original Article
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Volume 36 , Issue 3 , June 2024 , pp. 139 - 152
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology

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Footnotes

This study is based on publicly available data and solely reflects the opinion of its authors and not that of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.

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