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Immunological and histochemical analyses of cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood from patients with neurological and psychiatric disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 June 2014

Horst-G. Maxeiner ,
Markus Thomas Rojewski ,
Hayrettin Tumani ,
Sibylle Herzog ,
Dietmar Fuchs ,
Anita Schmitt ,
Michael Schmitt  and
Karl Bechter
Horst-G. Maxeiner
Affiliation:
Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy II, Guenzburg, Department of Psychiatry II, Ulm University, Germany
Markus Thomas Rojewski
Affiliation:
Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Ulm University and Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm gGmbH, Germany
Hayrettin Tumani
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Germany
Sibylle Herzog
Affiliation:
Institute of Virology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
Dietmar Fuchs
Affiliation:
Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
Anita Schmitt
Affiliation:
Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Ulm University and Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm gGmbH, Germany
Michael Schmitt
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Germany
Karl Bechter
Affiliation:
Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy II, Guenzburg, Department of Psychiatry II, Ulm University, Germany
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Abstract:

Epidemiological, clinical and post mortem studies indicate that inflammatory and immune reactions are involved in the pathomechanisms of affective and schizophrenic spectrum disorders. However, in psychiatric patients, only sporadic investigation on immunochemistry has been performed and information about immunofunction derived by investigation of immunocompetent cells in the CSF is not available to date.

Here we present an interdisciplinary work of neurologists, psychiatrists and hemato-immunologists focusing on the immunology of psychiatric and neurological disorders. In a first study including 63 patients with therapy resistant affective and schizophrenic spectrum disorders we applied conventional, validated neurological CSF investigation such as analysis of albumin, IgG, IgA, IgM, oligoclonal IgG and specific antibodies, cell count and interpreted the data by Reibergrams.

In a second study, we applied the highly sensitive and specific multicolour flowcytometry of paired samples of CSF and peripheral blood cells to characterize the immunostatus of psychiatric and neurological patients. We demonstrate that flowcytometry technology constitutes an appropriate method to investigate subsets of lymphocytes even with low CSF cell numbers, and therefore as a promising diagnostic tool for routine purposes in the differential diagnosis of psychiatric diseases. Furthermore, knowledge of the frequencies of T cell subsets such as the T regulatory cell type might open new avenues to models of psychiatric and neurological diseases as well as diagnostic and monitoring implications.

Keywords

Cerebrospinal fluid – affective disorders – schizophrenic disorders – low level CNS inflammation – Blood-CSF barrier function- T-cell, Flow Cytometry
Type
Psychoimmunology Symposium: The Impact of Dysfunctional Endocrine and Immune Systems on Psychiatric Disorders
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Volume 21 , Issue S2: Special Issue: Abstracts of 49th Neuropsychiatric Pula Congress, 17-20 June 2009, Pula, Croatia , June 2009 , pp. 51 - 57
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S

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