Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-19T05:52:13.743Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Anger and stroke: a potential association that deserves serious consideration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2016

Pedro Banho Rosa ,
Bruna Orquiza ,
Filipe Benetti Rocha ,
Rafael Werlanger Donadel ,
Rodrigo Pizzolante Diniz ,
Tamara Maia Nestlehner Beloni ,
Joara Turi Aniceto  and
Yara Dadalti Fragoso
Pedro Banho Rosa
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Medical School, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, SP, Brazil
Bruna Orquiza
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Medical School, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, SP, Brazil
Filipe Benetti Rocha
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Medical School, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, SP, Brazil
Rafael Werlanger Donadel
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Medical School, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, SP, Brazil
Rodrigo Pizzolante Diniz
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Medical School, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, SP, Brazil
Tamara Maia Nestlehner Beloni
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Medical School, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, SP, Brazil
Joara Turi Aniceto
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Medical School, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, SP, Brazil
Yara Dadalti Fragoso*
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Medical School, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, SP, Brazil
*
Yara Dadalti Fragoso, Department of Neurology, Medical School, UNIMES, Rua da Constituicao 374, CEP 11015-470, Santos, SP, Brazil. Tel: +55 13 3226 3400; Fax: +55 13 3226 3400; E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Objective

To assess the relationship between states of anger and stroke.

Methods

Systematic review of the literature.

Results

In total, 21 papers were selected for the systematic review of data published on the subject of anger and stroke. A state of anger may be a risk factor for stroke, as well as a consequence of brain lesions affecting specific areas that are caused by a stroke. Scales to assess anger varied among authors. There was no consensus regarding the area of brain lesions that might lead to a state of anger. Although some authors agreed that lesions on the right side led to angrier behaviour, others found that lesions on the left side were more relevant to anger. Likewise, there was no consensus regarding the prevalence of anger pre or post-stroke. Some authors did not even find that these two conditions were related.

Conclusion

Although most authors have accepted that there is a relationship between anger and stroke, studies with uniform methodology need to be conducted if this association is to be properly evaluated and understood.

Keywords

angerbrain lesioncerebrovascular diseaseemotionsstroke
Type
Short Communication
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Volume 28 , Issue 6 , December 2016 , pp. 346 - 351
Check for updates
Copyright
© Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Beck, R, Fernandez, E. Cognitive-behavioral self-regulation of the frequency, duration, and intensity of anger. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 1998;20:217–229.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Guo, Y, Zhang, H, Gao, J et al. Study of genes associated with the ‘anger-in’ and ‘anger-out’ emotions of humans using a rat model. Exp Ther Med 2015;9:1448–1454.Google Scholar
3. Pimple, P, Shah, A, Rooks, C et al. Association between anger and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia. Am Heart J 2015;169:115–121.Google Scholar
4. Shurlock, B. Acute cardiovascular events: anger mounts the checklist. Eur Heart J 2014;35:1354–1355.Google Scholar
5. Hosseini, SH, Mokhberi, V, Mohammadpour, RA, Mehrabianfard, M, Lashak, NB. Anger expression and suppression among patients with essential hypertension. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2011;15:214–218.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6. Mostofsky, E, Penner, EA, Mittleman, MA. Outbursts of anger as a trigger of acute cardiovascular events: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2014;35:1404–1410.Google Scholar
7. Suls, J. Anger and the heart: perspectives on cardiac risk, mechanisms and interventions. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2013;55:538–547.Google Scholar
8. Everson, SA, Kaplan, GA, Goldberg, DE, Lakka, TA, Sivenius, J, Salonen, JT. Anger expression and incident stroke: prospective evidence from the Kuopio ischemic heart disease study. Stroke 1999;30:523–528.Google Scholar
9. Ramos-Perdigués, S, Mané-Santacana, A, Pintor-Pérez, L. Prevalence and associated factors of anger post stroke: a systematic review. Rev Neurol 2015;60:481–489.Google Scholar
10. Allen, CL, Bayraktutan, U. Risk factors for ischaemic stroke. Int J Stroke 2008;3:105–110.Google Scholar
11. Mahmood, SS, Levy, D, Vasan, RS, Wang, TJ. The Framingham Heart Study and the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease: a historical perspective. Lancet 2014;383:999–1008.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12. Moher, D, Liberati, A, Tetzlaff, J, Altman, DG, PRISMA Group. Preferred Reporting Items For Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses: the PRISMA statement. Int J Surg 2010;8:336–341.Google Scholar
13. Schardt, C, Adams, MB, Owens, T, Keitz, S, Fontelo, P. Utilization of the PICO framework to improve searching PubMed for clinical questions. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2007;7:16.Google Scholar
14. Williams, JE, Nieto, FJ, Sanford, CP, Couper, DJ, Tyroler, HA. The association between trait anger and incident stroke risk: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Stroke 2002;33:13–19.Google Scholar
15. Eng, PM, Fitzmaurice, G, Kubzansky, LD, Rimm, EB, Kawachi, I. Anger expression and risk of stroke and coronary heart disease among male health professionals. Psychosom Med 2003;65:100–110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16. Ohira, T. Psychological distress and cardiovascular disease: the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study (CIRCS). J Epidemiol 2010;20:185–191.Google Scholar
17. Everson-Rose, SA, Roetker, NS, Lutsey, PL et al. Chronic stress, depressive symptoms, anger, hostility, and risk of stroke and transient ischemic attack in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Stroke 2014;45:2318–2323.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18. Nobel, L, Mayo, NE, Hanley, J, Nadeau, L, Daskalopoulou, SS. MyRisk_Stroke Calculator: A Personalized Stroke Risk Assessment Tool for the General Population. J Clin Neurol 2014;10:1–9.Google Scholar
19. Sharma, A, Prasad, K, Padma, MV et al. Prevalence of triggering factors in acute stroke: hospital-based observational cross-sectional study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2015;24:337–347.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20. Koton, S, Tanne, D, Bornstein, NM, Green, MS. Triggering risk factors for ischemic stroke: a case-crossover study. Neurology 2004;63:2006–2010.Google Scholar
21. Wang, PL, Smyers, PL. Psychological status after stroke as measured by the Hand Test. J Clin Psychol 1977;33:879–882.Google Scholar
22. Paradiso, S, Robinson, RG, Arndt, S. Self-reported aggressive behavior in patients with stroke. J Nerv Ment Dis 1996;184:746–753.Google Scholar
23. Ghika-Schmid, F, Van Melle, G, Guex, P, Bogousslavsky, J. Subjective experience and behavior in acute stroke: the Lausanne Emotion in Acute Stroke Study. Neurology 1999;52:22–28.Google Scholar
24. Kim, JS, Choi, S, Kwon, SU, Seo, YS. Inability to control anger or aggression after stroke. Neurology 2002;58:1106–1108.Google Scholar
25. Santos, CO, Caeiro, L, Ferro, JM, Albuquerque, R, Luísa-Figueira, M. Anger, hostility and aggression in the first days of acute stroke. Eur J Neurol 2006;13:351–358.Google Scholar
26. Aybek, S, Carota, A, Ghika-Schmid, F et al. Emotional behavior in acute stroke: the Lausanne emotion in stroke study. Cogn Behav Neurol 2005;18:37–44.Google Scholar
27. Nakhutina, L, Borod, JC, Zgaljardic, DJ. Posed prosodic emotional expression in unilateral stroke patients: recovery, lesion location, and emotional perception. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2006;21:1–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28. Choi-Kwon, S, Han, SW, Kwon, SU et al. Fluoxetine treatment in poststroke depression, emotional incontinence, and anger proneness: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Stroke 2006;37:156–161.Google Scholar
29. Chang, K, Zhang, H, Xia, Y, Chen, C. Testing the effectiveness of knowledge and behavior therapy in patients of hemiplegic stroke. Top Stroke Rehabil 2011;18:525–535.Google Scholar
30. Choi-Kwon, S, Han, K, Cho, KH et al. Factors associated with post-stroke anger proneness in ischaemic stroke patients. Eur J Neurol 2013;20:1305–1310.Google Scholar
31. Toscano, M, Viganò, A, Puledda, F et al. Serotonergic correlation with anger and aggressive behavior in acute stroke patients: an intensity dependence of auditory evoked potentials (IDAP) study. Eur Neurol 2014;72:186–192.Google Scholar
32. Huang, HC, Huang, LK, Hu, CJ et al. The mediating effect of psychological distress on functional dependence in stroke patients. J Clin Nurs 2014;23:3533–3543.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
33. Farinelli, M, Panksepp, J, Gestieri, L et al. Do brain lesions in stroke affect basic emotions and attachment? J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2015;37:595–613.Google Scholar