Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-16T11:16:09.155Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Virago Reprints and Modern Classics

The Timely Business of Feminist Publishing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 April 2021

D-M Withers
Affiliation:
University of Reading

Summary

Reprinting, republishing and re-covering old books in new clothes is an established publishing practice. How are books that have fallen out of taste and favour resituated by publishers, and recognised by readers, as relevant and timely? This Element outlines three historical textures within British culture of the late 1970s and early 1980s – History, Remembrance and Heritage – that enabled Virago's reprint publishing to become a commercial and cultural success. With detailed archival case studies of the Virago Reprint Library, Testament of Youth and the Virago Modern Classics, it elaborates how reprints were profitable for the publisher and moved Virago's books - and the Virago brand name - from the periphery of culture to the centre. Throughout Virago's reprint publishing - and especially with the Modern Classics - the epistemic revelation that women writers were forgotten and could, therefore, be rediscovered, was repeated, again and again, and made culturally productive through the marketplace.
Get access
Type
Element
Information
Online ISBN: 9781108884440
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication: 20 May 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Bibliography

Primary Sources

Secondary Sources

Sally, Alexander interview by Rachel Cohen (2012), Sisterhood and After: The Women’s Liberation Oral History Project, British Library Sound & Moving Image Catalogue, reference C1420/45, © The British Library, The University of Sussex.Google Scholar
Philippa, Brewster interview by Margaretta Jolly (2019), The Business of Women’s Words: Purpose and Profit in Feminist Publishing, British Library Sound & Moving Image Catalogue, reference C1834/10, © The British Library.Google Scholar
Kate, Griffin interview by D-M Withers (2020), The Business of Women’s Words: Purpose and Profit in Feminist Publishing, British Library Sound & Moving Image Catalogue, reference C1834/17, © The British Library.Google Scholar
Ruthie, Petrie interview by D-M Withers (2018), The Business of Women’s Words: Purpose and Profit in Feminist Publishing, British Library Sound & Moving Image Catalogue, reference C1834/02, © The British Library.Google Scholar
Ursula, Owen interview by Rachel Cohen (2011), Sisterhood and After: The Women’s Liberation Oral History Project, British Library Sound & Moving Image Catalogue, reference C1420/36, © The British Library, The University of Sussex.Google Scholar
Sheila, Rowbotham interview by Rachel Cohen (2010), Sisterhood and After: The Women’s Liberation Oral History Project, British Library Sound & Moving Image Catalogue, reference C1420/10, © The British Library, The University of Sussex.Google Scholar
BBC. (1979/2010). Testament of Youth. B003EQ4Y8 G.Google Scholar
Brittain, Vera. (1978). Testament of Youth. London: Virago.Google Scholar
Brittain, Vera. (2012). Testament of Friendship. London: Virago.Google Scholar
Gissing, George. (1993). The Odd Women. London: Penguin.Google Scholar
Smith, Stevie. (1936/80) Novel on Yellow Paper. London: Virago.Google Scholar
Smith, Stevie. (1949/79). The Holiday. London: Virago.Google Scholar
Webb, Mary. (1924/78). Precious Bane. London: Virago.Google Scholar
West, Rebecca. (1918/2010). The Return of the Solider. London: Virago.Google Scholar
Alexander, S. (1974). The Nightcleaners’ Campaign. In Conditions of Illusion: Papers from the Women’s Movement. Leeds: Feminist Books, 309–26.Google Scholar
Alexander, S. (1995). Becoming a Woman and Other Essays in 19th and 20th Century Feminist History. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Altick, R. (1957). English Common Reader: A Social History of the Mass Reading Public, 1800–1900. Chicago: Chicago University Press.Google Scholar
Banks-Smith, N. (1979). Testament of Youth. The Guardian, 5 November.Google Scholar
Beer, P. (1980). New Women. London Review of Books, 17 July.Google Scholar
Black, G. (2008). Frank’s Way: Frank Cass and Fifty Years of Publishing. London: Vallentine Mitchell.Google Scholar
Bostridge, M. (2014). Vera Brittain and the First World War. London: Bloomsbury.Google Scholar
Bromage, S. and Williams, H. (2019). Materials, Technologies and the Printing Industry. In Nash, A., Squires, C. and Willison, I.R. eds. The Cambridge History of the Book in Britain: Volume 7, The Twentieth Century and Beyond. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 4160.Google Scholar
Browne, V. (2014). Feminism, Time and Non-Linear History. Basingstoke: Palgrave.Google Scholar
Burford, B. (1988). … And a Star to Steer Her By. In Grewal, S., Kay, J., Landor, L., Lewis, G. and Parmar, P. eds. Charting the Journey: Writings by Black and Third World Women. London: Sheba, 97–9.Google Scholar
Burk, K. (1994). The Americans, the Germans, and the British: The 1976 IMF Crisis. Twentieth Century British History, 5(4), 351–69.Google Scholar
Cadman, E., Chester, G. and Pivot, A. (1981). Rolling Our Own: Women as Printers, Publishers and Distributors. London: Minority Press Group.Google Scholar
Callil, C. (1980). Virago Reprints: Redressing the Balance. Times Literary Supplement, 12 September.Google Scholar
Callil, C. (1986). The Future of Feminist Publishing. The Bookseller, 1 March, 850–1.Google Scholar
Callil, C. (1998). Women, Publishing and Power. In Simons, J. and Fullbrook, K. eds. Writing: A Women’s Business. Manchester: Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
Callil, C. (2008). In Bradley, S. ed. The British Book Trade: An Oral History. London: BL Publishing, 212–13.Google Scholar
Callil, C. (2008). The Stories of Our Lives. The Guardian, 26 April. www.theguardian.com/books/2008/apr/26/featuresreviews.guardianreview2.Google Scholar
Caplan, J. (1977). Life as We Have Known It. Spare Rib, 63, 42.Google Scholar
Chester, G. and Nielsen, S. (1987). Introduction: Writing as a Feminist. In Chester, G. and Nielsen, S. eds. In Other Words: Writing as a Feminist. London: Hutchinson, 921.Google Scholar
Collini, S. (2012). ‘The Chatto-List’: Publishing Literary Criticism in Mid-Twentieth Century Britain. The Review of English Studies, 63(261), 634–63.Google Scholar
Collini, S. (2019). The Nostalgic Imagination: History in English Criticism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Coote, A. and Campbell, B. (1987). Sweet Freedom. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Corder, J. and Harvey, S. eds. (1991). Enterprise and Heritage: Crosscurrents of National Culture. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Cowman, K. (2010). ‘Carrying on a Long Tradition’: Second-Wave Presentations of First-Wave Feminism in Spare Rib c. 1972–80. European Journal of Women’s Studies, 17(3), 193210.Google Scholar
Craigie, J. (1982). The Times Profile: Dame Rebecca West, 90 Years Old This Month. The Times, 6 December.Google Scholar
Davies, A. (2017). The City of London and Social Democracy: The Political Economy of Finance in Britain, 1959–1979. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Davin, A. (1980). The London Feminist History Group. History Workshop Journal, 9(1), 192–4.Google Scholar
Davin, A. (2000). The Only Problem Was Time. History Workshop Journal, 50, 239–45.Google Scholar
Eliot, T. S. (1945). What is a Classic? London: Faber; reprinted in Eliot, T. S. (1957). Of Poetry and Poets. New York: Farrar, Straus and Cudahy, pp. 53–71.Google Scholar
Enns, A. and Metz, D. (2015). Distinctions that Matter: Popular Literature and Material Culture. Belphégor, 13(1). http://journals.openedition.org/belphegor/606; https://doi.org/10.4000/belphegor.606.Google Scholar
Fentress, J. and Wickham, C. (1992). Social Memory. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Firestone, S. (2015). The Dialectic of Sex: The Case for Feminist Revolution. London: Verso.Google Scholar
Foot, P. (1982). New Introduction. In Olive Schreiner, From Man to Man. London: Virago.Google Scholar
Forster, L.C. (2020). The Paris Commune in the British Socialist Imagination, 1871–1914. History of European Ideas, 46(5), 614–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/01916599.2020.1746082.Google Scholar
Frayn, A. (2018). Social Remembering, Disenchantment and First World War Literature, 1918–30. Journal of War and Cultural Studies, 11(3), 192208.Google Scholar
Freeman, E. (2010). Time Binds: Queer Temporalities, Queer Histories. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Geddes-Brown, L. (1982). The Real-Life Drama Behind the Film. The Sunday Times, 16 May.Google Scholar
Glastonbury, M. (1979). When Adam Delved and Eve Span. Times Education Supplement, 28 December.Google Scholar
Goodings, L. (2020). A Bite of the Apple. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Gottlieb, J.V. and Campbell, B. (2019). The Iron Ladies Revisited. Women’s History Review, 28(2), 337–49.Google Scholar
Guest, C. (2017). Becoming Feminist: Narratives and Memories. Basingstoke: Palgrave.Google Scholar
Hanna, E. (2014). Contemporary Britain and the Memory of the First World War. Matériaux pour l’histoire de notre temps, 113–114(1), 110–17.Google Scholar
Hartley, L. (1980). Review of Testament of Youth. Spare Rib, 90, 48.Google Scholar
Herbert, H. (1982). A Radical Departure for Virago. The Guardian, 23 February.Google Scholar
Holmes, C. (2009). Obituary: Frank Cass. Immigrants & Minorities, 27(1), 118–22.Google Scholar
Hornsey, R. (2018). ‘The Penguins Are Coming’: Brand Mascots and Utopian Mass Consumption in Interwar Britain. Journal of British Studies, 57(4), 812–39.Google Scholar
Joannou, M. (1993). Vera Brittain’s Testament of Youth revisited. Literature & History, 2(2), 4672.Google Scholar
Johnson, P. (1980). Review of The Return of the Soldier, The Judge and Harriet Hume. Spare Rib, 101, 42.Google Scholar
Jolly, M. (2019). Sisterhood and After: An Oral History of the Women’s Liberation Movement 1968–Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kermode, F. (1983). The Classic: Literary Images of Permanence and Change. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Khaire, M. (2017). Culture and Commerce: The Value of Entrepreneurship in Creative Industries. Redwood: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Kidd, J. and Sayner, J. (2018). Unthinking Remembrance? Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red and the Significance of Centenaries. Cultural Trends, 27(2), 6882.Google Scholar
Kovač, M., Phillips, A., van der Weel, A. and Wischenbart, R. (2017). Book Statistics. Logos, 28(4), 717.Google Scholar
Kuper, R. (2019). A History of Pluto Press: 50 Years of Radical Publishing. www.plutobooks.com/blog/history-pluto-press-fifty-years-radical-publishing/.Google Scholar
Marshall, A. (1983). Changing the Word: The Printing Industry in Transition. London: Comedia.Google Scholar
May, W. (2018). The Untimely Stevie Smith. Women: A Cultural Review, 29(3–4), 381–97.Google Scholar
McCleery, A. (2002). The Return of the Publisher to Book History: The Case of Allen Lane. Book History, 5, 161–85.Google Scholar
Mitchell, K. (2010). History and Cultural Memory in Neo-Victorian Fiction. Basingstoke: Palgrave.Google Scholar
Monk, C. (2011). Heritage Film Audiences: Period Films and Contemporary Audiences in the UK. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Murray, S. (2004). Mixed Media: Feminist Presses and Publishing Politics. London: Pluto.Google Scholar
No author. (1980). Guardian Diary. The Guardian, 3 October.Google Scholar
No author. (1983). London. The Times, 8 January.Google Scholar
Oakley, A. (2018). Women: Peace and Welfare: A Suppressed History of Social Reform, 1880–1920. Bristol: Policy Press.Google Scholar
Owen, U. (2019). Single Journey Only: A Memoir. Cromer: Salt.Google Scholar
Parker, R. and Sebestyen, A. (1979). A Literature of Our Own. Spare Rib, 78, 2730.Google Scholar
Pinkerton, S. (2008). Trauma and Cure in Rebecca West’s The Return of the Soldier. Journal of Modern Literature, 32(1), 112.Google Scholar
Potter, J. (2008). Boys in Khaki, Girls in Print: Women’s Literary Responses the Great War 1914–18. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Prestidge, J. (2019). Housewives Having a Go: Margaret Thatcher, Mary Whitehouse and the Appeal of the Right Wing Woman in Late Twentieth-Century Britain. Women’s History Review, 28(2), 277–96.Google Scholar
Purvis, J. (2013). Gendering the Historiography of the Suffragette Movement in Edwardian Britain: Some Reflections. Women’s History Review, 22(4), 576–90.Google Scholar
Radway, R. (1984). Reading the Romance. North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Riley, C. (2018). The Virago Story: Assessing the Impact of a Feminist Publishing Phenomenon. Oxford: Berghahn.Google Scholar
Robinson, D. (1982). Cinema. The Times, 25 May.Google Scholar
Robinson, D. (1983). Passionate Paradoxes. The Times, 7 January.Google Scholar
Rowbotham, S. (1972). Women’s Liberation and the New Politics. In Wandor, M. ed. The Body Politic: Writings from the Women’s Liberation Movement in Britain 1969–1972. London: Stage 1, 330.Google Scholar
Rowbotham, S. (1972). Women, Resistance and Revolution: A History of Women and Revolution in the Modern World. Harmondsworth: Penguin.Google Scholar
Rowbotham, S. (1973). Hidden from History: 300 Years of Women’s Oppression and the Fight Against It. London: Pluto Press.Google Scholar
Rowbotham, S. (1990). The Beginnings of the Women’s Liberation Movement in Britain. In Wandor, M. ed. Once a Feminist: Stories of a Generation. London: Virago, 2843.Google Scholar
Samuel, R. (1992). Return to Victorian Values. Proceedings of the British Academy, 78, 929.Google Scholar
Samuel, R. (1994). Theatres of Memory: Past and Present in Contemporary Culture. London: Verso.Google Scholar
Scott-Brown, S. (2016). The Art of the Organiser: Raphael Samuel and the Origins of the History Workshop. History of Education, 45(3), 372–90.Google Scholar
Stevenson, G. (2019). The Women’s Liberation Movement and the Politics of Class in Britain. London: Bloomsbury.Google Scholar
Stevenson, I. (2010). Book Makers: British Publishing in the Twentieth Century. London: British Library.Google Scholar
Sutherland, J.A. (1978). Fiction and the Fiction Industry. London: The Athlone Press.Google Scholar
Taylor, B. (1983). Eve and the New Jerusalem: Socialism and Feminism in the Nineteenth Century. London: Virago.Google Scholar
Thomas-Corr, J. (2020). Fiery Women. The Sunday Times, 23 February.Google Scholar
Todman, D. (2005). The Great War: Myth and Memory. London: Continuum.Google Scholar
Toye, R. (2013). From ‘Consensus’ to ‘Common Ground’: The Rhetoric of the Postwar Settlement and Its Collapse. Journal of Contemporary History, 48(1), 323.Google Scholar
Virago. (1993). A Virago Keepsake to Celebrate Twenty Years of Publishing. London: Virago.Google Scholar
Wansell, G. (1982). Chilling View of Catholic Control. The Times, 14 May, 16.Google Scholar
Watson, N.J. ed. (2009). Literary Tourism and Nineteenth Century Culture. Basingstoke: Palgrave.Google Scholar
Weideger, P. (1988). Write On! Ms. July, 4651.Google Scholar
Weidemann, K. (1969). Book Jackets and Record Sleeves. London: Thames and Hudson.Google Scholar
Williams, R. and Orrom, M. (1954). Preface to Film. London: Film Drama.Google Scholar
Williams, S. (1978). Preface. In Testament of Youth. London: Virago, 910.Google Scholar
Winship, J. (1987). Inside Women’s Magazines. London: Pandora.Google Scholar
Winter, J. (2017). Commemorating Catastrophe: 100 Years On. War & Society, 36(4), 239–55.Google Scholar
Withers, D. (2015). Feminism, Digital Culture and the Politics of Transmission: Theory, Practice and Cultural Heritage. London: Rowman Littlefield International.Google Scholar
Withers, D-M. (2019). Enterprising Women: Independence, Finance and Virago Press, c.1976–93. Twentieth Century British History, 31(4), 479502. https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwz044.Google Scholar
Withers, D-M. (2020). The Politics of the Workshop: Craft, Autonomy and Women’s Liberation. Feminist Theory, 21(2), 217–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464700119859756.Google Scholar
Withers, D-M. (forthcoming). Virago Modern Classics: The Making of a Reprint Series. In Wilson, N., Battershill, C., Heywood, S., la Penna, D., Southworth, H., Staveley, A., Willson, E. eds. The Edinburgh Companion to Women in Publishing, 1900–2000. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Wood, A. (2014). Facing Life as We Have Known it: Virginia Woolf and the Women’s Co-operative Guild. Literature & History, 23(2), 1834.Google Scholar
Woolf, V. (2012). Introductory Letter to Margaret Llewellyn Davies. In Llewellyn Davies, M. ed. Life as We Have Known It. London: Virago, xvixvii.Google Scholar

Save element to Kindle

To save this element to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Virago Reprints and Modern Classics
  • D-M Withers, University of Reading
  • Online ISBN: 9781108884440
Available formats
×

Save element to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Virago Reprints and Modern Classics
  • D-M Withers, University of Reading
  • Online ISBN: 9781108884440
Available formats
×

Save element to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Virago Reprints and Modern Classics
  • D-M Withers, University of Reading
  • Online ISBN: 9781108884440
Available formats
×