Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T04:55:44.810Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
Series:   Elements in Magic

Amulets in Magical Practice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2024

Jay Johnston
Jay Johnston
Affiliation:
University of Sydney

Summary

This Element takes as its remit the production and use of amulets. The focus will be on amulets with no, or minimal, textual content like those comprising found stone, semi-precious gem and/or animal body parts. That is a material form that is unaccompanied by directive textual inscription. The analysis considers this materiality to understand its context of use including ritual and metaphysical operations. Through discussion of selected case studies from British, Celtic, and Scandinavian cultures, it demonstrates the associative range of meaning that enabled the attribution of power/agency to the amuletic object Uniquely, it will consider this material culture from an interdisciplinary perspective, drawing together insights from the disciplines of cultural studies, religious studies, 'folk' studies, archaeology and Scandinavian studies. It develops the concept of 'trans-aniconism' to encapsulates an amulet's temporal relations and develops the proposition of 'landscape amulets.'
Get access

Keywords

amuletmaterialityvernacularbeliefmagic
Type
Element
Information
Series: Elements in Magic
Online ISBN: 9781108953412
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication: 25 April 2024

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Asdal, K. (2003). The Problematic Nature of Nature: The Post-Constructivist Challenge to Environmental History. History and Theory, 42, 60–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bannerman, J. (2015 (1998)). The Beatons: A Medical Kindred in the Classical Gaelic Tradition. Edinburgh: Birlinn.Google Scholar
Barad, K. (2007). Meeting the Universe Halfway: Quantum Physics and the Entanglement of Matter and Meaning. Durham: Duke University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barcan, R. (2009). Intuition and Reason in the New Age: A Cultural Study of Medical Clairvoyance. In Howes, D., ed., The Sixth Sense Reader. Oxford: Berg, pp. 209–32.Google Scholar
Barraclough, E. R. (2021). Trees, Woodlands, and Forests in Old Norse-Icelandic Culture. Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 120(3), 281–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barry, F. (2020). Painting in Stone: Architecture and the Poetics of Marble from Antiquity to the Enlightenment. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Beesley, G. J. (1915). The Mên-an-Tol Revisited, The Antiquary, 11 October, pp. 386–89.Google Scholar
Beith, M. (2004). Healing Threads: Traditional Medicines of the Highlands and Islands. Edinburgh: Birlinn.Google Scholar
Bennett, J. (2010). Vibrant Matter: A Political Ecology of Things. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Berns, A. D. (2015). The Bible and Natural Philosophy in Renaissance Italy: Jewish and Christian Physicians in Search of Truth. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bill, J. (2016). Protecting Against the Dead? On the Possible Use of Apotropaic Magic in the Oseberg Burial. Cambridge Archaeological Journal, 26(1), 141–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bintley, M. D. J. (2015). Trees in the Religions of Early Medieval England. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Black, G. (1892–3). Scottish Charms and Amulets. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 27, 433–526.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Black, R. (2005 (1902)). The Gaelic Otherworld: John Gregorson Campbell’s ‘Superstitions of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland’ [1900] and ‘Witchcraft and the Second Sight in the Highlands and Islands’. Edinburgh: Birlinn.Google Scholar
Blain, J. & Wallis, R. J. (2003). Sacred Sites, Contested Rites/Rights: Contemporary Pagan Engagements with the Past. Journal of Material Culture, 9(3), 237–61.Google Scholar
Blain, J. & Wallis, R. J. (2012). Negotiating Archaeology/Spirituality: Pagan Engagements with the Prehistoric Past in Britain. In Rountree, K., Morris, C. & Peatfield, A. A. D., eds, Archaeology of Spiritualities. New York: Springer, pp. 47–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boräng, K. K. (2013). Principles of Reiki: What It Is, How It Works, and What It Can Do For You. London: Singing Dragon, imprint of Jessica Kingsley.Google Scholar
Cadbury, T. (2015). Amulets: The Material Evidence. In Hutton, R., ed., Physical Evidence for Ritual Acts, Sorcery and Witchcraft in Christian Britain: A Feeling for Magic. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 188–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
The Cambrian Archaeological Society: Meeting in Cornwall. (1862). The Royal Cornwall Gazette, Falmouth Packet and General Advertiser. Friday, 5 September, p. 6.Google Scholar
Campbell, J. G. (2008 (1900)). Superstitions of the Highlands and Islands. Published as The Gaelic Otherworld, ed. Black, R.. Edinburgh: Birlinn.Google Scholar
Cheape, H. (2009). From Natural to Supernatural: The Material Culture of Charms and Amulets. In Henderson, L., ed., Fantastical Imaginations: The Supernatural in Scottish History and Culture. Edinburgh: Birlinn, pp. 70–90.Google Scholar
Cipolla, C. N. (2018). Earth Flows and Lively Stone: What Difference Does ‘Vibrant’ Matter Make? Archaeological Dialogues, 25(1), 49–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Colquhoun, I. (2016 (1957)). The Living Stones: Cornwall. London: Peter Owen.Google Scholar
Cooper, A., Garrow, D. & Gibson, C. (2020). Spectrums of Depositional Practice in Later Prehistoric Britain and Beyond: Grave Goods, Hoards and Seposits ‘In-Between’. Archaeological Dialogues, 27, 135–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cooper, J. C. (1979). An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Traditional Symbols. London: Thames & Hudson.Google Scholar
Cornwall the Mysterious. (1914). The Cornishman. Thursday 5 March, p. 3.Google Scholar
Crellin, R. J., Cipolla, C. N., Montgomery, L. M., Harris, O. J. & Moore, S. V. (2020). Archaeological Theory in Dialogue: Situating Relationality, Ontology, Posthumanism and Indigenous Paradigms. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Cummings, V. & Richards, C. (2021). Monuments in the Making: Raising the Great Dolmens in the Early Neolithic Northern Europe. Oxford: Windgather.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cummins, A. (2015). Textual Evidence for the Material History of Amulets in Seventeenth-Century England. In Hutton, R., ed., Physical Evidence for Ritual Acts, Sorcery and Witchcraft in Christian Britain: A Feeling for Magic. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 164–87.Google Scholar
Davies, O. & Houlbrook, C. (2021). Building Magic: Ritual and Re-enchantment in Post-Medieval Structures. London: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Day, J. (2020). Sensory Approaches to the Aegean Bronze Age. In Skeates, R. & Day, J., eds, The Routledge Handbook of Sensory Archaeology. London: Routledge, pp. 377–95.Google Scholar
Derrickson, S. (2016). Dr Strange. Film. 115 mins. Prod. Kevin Feige, Marvel Studios.Google Scholar
Devlet, E. (2001). Rock Art and the Material Culture of Siberian and Central Asian Shamanism. In Price, N., ed., The Archaeology of Shamanism. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 43–55.Google Scholar
Donaldson, L. E. (2001). On Medicine Women and White Shame-ans: New Age Native Americanism and Commodity Fetishism as Pop Culture Feminism. In Castelli, E. A., ed., Women, Gender, Religion: A Reader. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 237–53.Google Scholar
Dowd, M. (2018). Bewitched by an Elf Dart: Fairy Archaeology, Folk Magic and Traditional Medicine in Ireland. Cambridge Archaeological Journal, 28(3), 451–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dowd, M. (2020). Darkness and Light in the Archaeological Past: Sensory Perspectives. In Skeates, R. & Day, J., eds (2020). The Routledge Handbook of Sensory Archaeology. Abingdon : Routledge, pp. 193–209.Google Scholar
Dubois, T. A. (1999). Nordic Religions in the Viking Age. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania.Google Scholar
Dubois, T. A. (2013). Magic and Witchcraft Historicized, Localized, and Ethnicized: A Response to Stephen Mitchell’s Witchcraft and Magic in the Nordic Middle Ages: Magic, Ritual, and Witchcraft, 8(1), 82–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duffin, C. J. (2013). Lithotherapeutical Research Courses from Antiquity to the Mid-Eighteenth Century. In Duffin, C. J., Moody, R. T. J., & Gardner-Thorpe, C. (eds.). A History of Geology and Medicine. London: Geological Society, Special Publication, 375, pp. 7–14.Google Scholar
Duffin, C. J., Gardner-Thorpe, C. & Moody, R. (2018). Geology and Medicine: Historical Connections. London: Geological Society of London.Google Scholar
Easton, T. (2015). Spiritual Middens. In Hutton, R., ed., Physical Evidence for Ritual Acts, Sorcery and Witchcraft in Christian Britain: A Feeling for Magic. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 147–63.Google Scholar
Eastop, D. (2015). Garments Concealed within Buildings: Following the Evidence. In Hutton, R., ed., Physical Evidence for Ritual Acts, Sorcery and Witchcraft in Christian Britain: A Feeling for Magic. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 131–46.Google Scholar
Eckhardt, H. and Williams, C. (2018). The Sound of Magic? Bells in Roman Britain. Britannia, 49, 179–210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Enoch, J. M. (2002). Archaeological Optics. In Guenther, A. H., ed., International Trends in Applied Optics. Bellingham: SPIE, pp. 629–66.Google Scholar
Evans, I., Manning, M. C. & Davies, O. (2015). The Wider Picture: Parallel Evidence in America and Australia. In Hutton, R., ed., Physical Evidence for Ritual Acts, Sorcery and Witchcraft in Christian Britain: A Feeling for Magic. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 232–54.Google Scholar
Ficino, M. (1996 (1980; 1489)). The Book of Life, trans. C. Boer. Woodstock: Spring.Google Scholar
Fisher, C. (2017). Flowers and Plants: The Living Iconography. In Hourihane, C., ed., The Routledge Companion to Medieval Iconography. London: Routledge, pp. 453–64.Google Scholar
Freedberg, D. (1989). The Power of Images: Studies in the History and Theory of Response. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gardeła, L. (2021). Interpreting the Arsenal of Armed Women. In Gardeła, L., ed., Women and Weapons in the Viking World: Amazons of the North. Oxford: Oxbow, pp. 81–116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garrow, D. & Gosden, C. (2012). Technologies of Enchantment? Exploring Celtic Art: 400 BC to AD 100. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gawain, S. (1978). Creative Visualisation: Use the Power of Your Imagination to Create What You Want in Your Life. New York: Bantam.Google Scholar
Gell, A. (1998). Art and Agency: An Anthropological Theory. Oxford: Clarendon Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gelsinger, B. E. (1970). Lodestone and Sunstone in Medieval Iceland. The Mariner’s Mirror 56(2), 219–26.Google Scholar
Govier, E. & Steel, L. (2021). Beyond the ‘Thingification’ of Worlds. Archaeology and the New Materialisms. Journal of Material Culture, 26(3), 298–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, G. (1992 (1989)). Symbols and Image in Celtic Religious Art. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hale, A. (2020). Ithall Colquhoun: Genius of the Fern Loved Gully. London: Strange Attractor.Google Scholar
Hall, M. A. (2021). Status, Magic and Belief: Exploring Identity through Dress Accessories and Other Amulets in Medieval Scotland: A Perthshire Case-Study. Scottish Historical Review, 100(3), 469–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanegraaff, W. (2012). Esotericism and the Academy: Rejected Knowledge in Western Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haraway, D. (1991). Simians, Cyborgs and Women: The Reinvention of Nature. London: Free Association Books.Google Scholar
Harvey, G. (ed.) (2014). The Handbook of Contemporary Animism. Abingdon: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haynes, L. & Pissarro, J. (2019). Crystals in Art: Ancient to Today. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedeager, L. (2011). Iron Age Myth and Materiality: An Archaeology of Scandinavia. AD 400–1000. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Helms, M. W. (2004). Before the Dawn: Monks and the Night in Late Antique and Early Medieval Europe. Anthropos, 99(1), 177–91.Google Scholar
Henderson, L. and Cowan, E. J. (2007/2011 (2001)). Scottish Fairy Belief. Edinburgh: John Donald.Google Scholar
Hill, J. (2007). The Story of the Amulet: Locating the Enchantment of Collections. Journal of Material Culture, 12(1), 65–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Historic Cornwall. (2024). Men-An-Tol. Cornwall and Scilly Historic Environment Record. Cornwall Council. www.historic-cornwall.org.uk/a2m/bronze_age/stone_circle/men_an_tol/men_an_tol.htm.Google Scholar
Hoggard, B. (2015a). Concealed Animals. In Hutton, R., ed., Physical Evidence for Ritual Acts, Sorcery and Witchcraft in Christian Britain: A Feeling for Magic. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 106–17.Google Scholar
Hoggard, B. (2015b). Witch Bottles: Their Contents, Contexts and Uses. In Hutton, R., ed., Physical Evidence for Ritual Acts, Sorcery and Witchcraft in Christian Britain: A Feeling for Magic. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 91–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howes, D. (ed.) (2009). The Sixth Sense Reader. Oxford: Berg.Google Scholar
Hukantaival, S. (2021). International Magic?: Finnish Folk Magic Objects in a European Context. Temenos: Nordic Journal of Comparative Religion, 57(2), 155–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hunter, M. (2001). The Occult Laboratory: Magic, Science, and Second Sight in Late Seventeenth-Century Scotland. Woodbridge: Boydell.Google Scholar
Hutton, R. (2001). Shamans: Siberian Spirituality and the Western Imagination. London: Hambledon.Google Scholar
Hutton, R. (2015). Introduction. In Hutton, R., ed., Physical Evidence for Ritual Acts, Sorcery and Witchcraft in Christian Britain: A Feeling for Magic. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 1–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnston, J. (2008) Angels of Desire: Esoteric Bodies, Aesthetics and Ethics. London: Equinox.Google Scholar
Johnston, J. (2010). Prolegomena to Considering Drawings of Spirit-Beings in Mandaean, Gnostic and Ancient Magical Texts. ARAM, 22, 573–82.Google Scholar
Johnston, J. (2016). Enchanted Sight/Site: An Esoteric Aesthetics of Image and Experience. In Ingman, P., Utriainen, T., Hovi &, T. Broo, M., eds, The Relational Dynamics of Enchantment and Sacralization: Changing the Terms of the Religion Versus Secularity Debate. Sheffield: Equinox, pp. 89–206.Google Scholar
Johnston, J. (2016b). Slippery and Saucy Discourse: Grappling with the Intersection of ‘Alternate Epistemologies’ and Discourse Analysis. In Wijsen, F. & von Stuckrad, K., eds, Making Religion: Theory and Practice in the Discursive Study of Religion. Leiden: Brill, pp. 74–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnston, J. (2017). Stone-Agency: Sense, Sight and Magical Efficacy in Traditions of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland. Religion, 47(3), 445–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnston, J. (2020). Rites, Runes and Maeshowe: Northern Landscapes and Lived Belief. In Ljosland, R., Sanmark, A. and Plumb, O., eds, What is North? Visualising, Representing and Imagining the North from the Viking Age to Modern Times. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 211–25.Google Scholar
Johnston, J. (2021). Stag and Stone: Religion, Archaeology and Esoteric Aesthetics. Sheffield: Equinox.Google Scholar
Johnston, J. (2021b). Painterly Desire: Ithell Colquhoun’s Other-than-Human Art. In Hale, A., ed., Essays on Women in Western Esotericism: Beyond Seeresses and Sea Priestesses. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 151–70.Google Scholar
Johnston, J. (2022). Introduction. In Johnston, J. & Gardner, I., eds, Drawing Spirit: The Role of Images and Design in the Magical Practice of Late Antiquity. Berlin: De Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, A. M. (2012). Prehistoric Materialities: Becoming Material in Prehistoric Britain and Ireland. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, A. M. (2017). Rock Art and Ontology. Annual Review of Anthropology, 46, 167–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, W. H. S. (1938). Pliny: Natural History With an English Translation in Ten Volumes. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Kirk, R. (2008 (1933)). The Secret Commonwealth of Elves, Fauns and Fairies. Mineola: Dover.Google Scholar
Leroy, T., Plomion, C. & Kremer, A. (2020). Oak Symbolism in the Light of Genetics. New Phytologist, 226, 1012–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindstrøm, T. C. (2015). Agency ‘In Itself’: A Discussion of Inanimate, Animal and Human Agency. Archaeological Dialogues, 22(2), 207–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lockhardt, M. (2010). Subtle Energy Body: The Complete Guide. Rochester: Inner Traditions.Google Scholar
Lovett, E. (1928). Folk-Lore and Legend of the Surrey Hills and of the Sussex Downs and Forests. Caterham: Caterham Printing Works.Google Scholar
MacCracken, P. (2017). In the Skin of the Beast: Sovereignty and Animality in Medieval France. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maltby, M. (2017). From Bovid to Beaver: Mammal Exploitation in Medieval Northwest Russia. In Albarella, U., Rizzetto, M., Russ, H., Vickers, K. & Viner-Daniels, S., eds, The Oxford Handbook of Zooarchaeology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 230–44.Google Scholar
Manley, J. (2007). Decoration and Demon Traps: The Meanings of Geometric Borders in Roman Mosaics. In Gosden, C., Hamerow, H., Jersey, P.-d. & Lock, G., eds, Communities and Connections: Essays in Honour of Barry Cunliffe. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 426–48.Google Scholar
Marsden, P. (2014). Rising Ground: A Search for the Spirit of Place. London: Granta.Google Scholar
Marwick, E. W. (1975). The Folklore of Orkney and Shetland. London: B. T. Batsford.Google Scholar
Matless, D. (2008). A Geography of Ghosts: The Spectral Landscapes of Mary Butts. Cultural Geographies, 15, 335–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mastrocinque, A. (2011). The Colours of Magical Gems. In Entwistle, C. & Adams, N., eds, ‘Gems of Heaven:’ Recent Research on Engraved Gemstones in Late Antiquity c.AD200–600. London: The British Museum, pp. 62–8.Google Scholar
McClure, T. (2019). Dark Crystals: The Brutal Reality Behind a Booming Wellness Craze. Guardian. www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2019/sep/17/healing-crystals-wellness-mining-madagascar.Google Scholar
McGregor, J. (2018). Towards a Philosophical Understanding of TEK and Ecofeminism. In Nelson, M. K. & Shilling, D., eds, Traditional Ecological Knowledge: Learning from Practices and Environmental Sustainability. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 109–28.Google Scholar
Melody. (1998). Love Is in The Earth: A Kaleidoscope of Crystals. Colorado: Earth Love.Google Scholar
Mitchell, S. A. (2020). Magic and Religion. In Schjødr, J. P., Lindow, J. and Andrén, A., eds, The Pre-Christian Religions of the North: Vol. II History and Structures, Social, Geographical and Historical Contexts, and Communication Between Worlds. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 643–70.Google Scholar
National Museum of Denmark. (n.d.). A Mysterious Crystal Ball. National Museum of Denmark. https://en.natmus.dk/historical-knowledge/denmark/prehistoric-period-until-1050-ad/the-early-iron-age/the-aarslev-grave/a-mysterious-crystal-ball.Google Scholar
Naylor, S. (2003). Collecting Quoits: Field Cultures in the History of Cornish Antiquarianism. Cultural Geographies, 10, 309–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Naylor, T. (2010). The Underworld of Gemstones: Part 1: Under the Rainbow. Crime, Law, and Social Change, 53(2), 131–58.Google Scholar
Nyord, R. (2020). Seeing Perfection: Ancient Egyptian Images Beyond Representation. Cambridge Elements. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oestigaard, T. (2020). Waterfalls and Moving Waters: The Unnatural Natural and Flows of Cosmic Forces. In Skeates, R. & Day, J., eds, The Routledge Handbook of Sensory Archaeology. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 179–92Google Scholar
Oliver, K. (2001). Witnessing: Beyond Recognition. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Owens, A. (2019). The Devil or the Divine? Supernatural Objects and Multi-Period Hoards in Later Prehistory. In Knight, M. G., Boughton, D. and Wilkenson, R. E., eds, Objects of the Past in the Past: Investigating the Significance of Earlier Artefacts in Later Contexts. Summertown: Archaeopress, pp. 60–76.Google Scholar
Oxford English Dictionary (2011). Amulet. www-oed.com.ezproxy.library.sydney.edu.au/view/Entry/6778.Google Scholar
Pati, G. and Zubko, K. C. eds. (2020). Transformational Embodiment in Asian Religions: Subtle Bodies, Spatial Bodies. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Paul, K. (2022). The Mayor Thinks New York Gets ‘Special Energy’ from Crystals. Is He Right? Guardian online, Thursday 9 June. www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2022/jun/09/crystals-eric-adams-new-york.Google Scholar
Penzance Natural History and Antiquarian Society. (1888). The Cornishman. Thursday 9 August, p. 5.Google Scholar
Pétursdóttir, Þ. (2012). Small Things Forgotten Now Included, or What Else do Things Deserve? International Journal of Historical Archaeology, 16(3), 577–603.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pike, S. (2001). Earthly Bodies, Magical Selves. Contemporary Pagans and the Search for Community. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Pinch, G. (2006 (1994)). Magic in Ancient Egypt. London: British Museum.Google Scholar
Pitarakis, B. (2022). Amulets, Crosses and Reliquaries. In Schwartz, E. C., ed., The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Art and Architecture. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 1–15.Google Scholar
Pitt Rivers Museum. (n.d.). Acorn. Used as an Amulet. [SM 26/01/2011]. http://objects.prm.ox.ac.uk/pages/PRMUID221126.html.Google Scholar
Posthumus, D. (2022). All My Relatives: Exploring Lakota Ontology, Belief, and Ritual. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.Google Scholar
Price, N. (2019) Viking Way: Magic and Mind in Late Iron Age Scandinavia. Oxford: Oxbow.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pymm, R. (2017). ‘Serpent Stones:’ Myth and Medical Application. In Duffin, C. J., Gardner-Thorpe, C. and Moody, R. T. J., eds, Geology and Medicine: Historical Connections. Special Publications 452. London: Geological Society, pp. 163–80.Google Scholar
Rider, C. (2015). Common Magic. In Collins, D. J., ed., The Cambridge History of Magi and Witchcraft in the West: From Antiquity to the Present. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 303–31.Google Scholar
Ritchie, A. (1974). Painted Pebbles of Scotland. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 104, 297–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robb, J. G. (1998). The ‘Ritual Landscape’ Concept in Archaeology: A Heritage Construction. Landscape Research, 23(2), 159–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samuel, G. & Johnston, J., eds. (2013). Religion and the Subtle Body in Asian and the West: Between Mind and Body. Abingdon: RoutledgeCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmidt, O., Wilms, K.-H. & Lingelbach, B. (1999). The Visby Lenses. Optometry and Vision Science, 76(9), 624–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shally-Jensen, M. (2019). Alternative Healing in American History: An Encyclopedia from Acupuncture to Yoga. Santa Barbara: Greenwood.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skeates, R. & Day, J. (2020). Sensory Archaeology: Key Concepts and Debates. In Skeates, R. & Day, J., eds, The Routledge Handbook of Sensory Archaeology. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 1–17.Google Scholar
Souza, T. P., Watte, G., Gusto, A. M., Souza, R., Moreira, J.d. S. & Knerst, M. M. (2017). Silicosis Prevalence and Risk Factors in Semi‐Precious Stone Mining in Brazil. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 60(6), 529–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spier, J. (2018). Engraved Gems and Amulets. In Jensen, R. M. and Ellison, M. D., eds, The Routledge Handbook of Early Christian Art. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 141–9.Google Scholar
Stroh, S. (2017). The Reemergence of the Primitive Other? Noble Savagery and the Romantic Age. In Stroh, S., ed., Gaelic Scotland in the Colonial Imagination: Anglophone Writing from 1600 to 1900. Evanston: Northwestern University Press.Google Scholar
Stuckrad von, K. (2014). The Scientification of Religion: An Historical Study of Discursive Change. Berlin: De Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutherland, P. D. (2001). Shamanism and the Iconography of Palaeo-Eskimo Art. In Price, N., ed., The Archaeology of Shamanism. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 135–45.Google Scholar
Sutherland, A. (2009). The Brahan Seer: The Making of a Legend. Oxford: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Taggart, D. (2018). How Thor Lost His Thunder: The Changing Faces of An Old Norse God. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Taylor, R. L. (2014). Deviant Burials in Viking Age Scandinavia. Research thesis. M Phil. Institute of Archaeology: University College London. UMI U602472.Google Scholar
Taussig, M. (2009). What Color is the Sacred? Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
The Royal Household. (n.d.). Honours of Scotland. Crown Copyright. www.royal.uk/honours-scotland.Google Scholar
Thwaite, A. (2021). The ‘Urinary Experiment’: Material Evidence of Magical Healing in Early Modern England. Magic, Ritual, and Witchcraft, 16(1), 1–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tilley, C. (2010). Interpretating Landscapes: Geologies, Topographies, Identities. Explorations in Landscape Phenomenology 3. Walnut Creek: Left Coast.Google Scholar
Tilley, C. (2020). How Does it Feel? Phenomenology, Excavation and Sensory Experience: Notes for a New Ethnographic Field Practice. In Skeates, R. & Day, J., eds, The Routledge Handbook of Sensory Archaeology. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 76–93.Google Scholar
Trower, S. (2015). Rocks of Nation: The Imagination of Celtic Cornwall. Manchester: Manchester University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Viestad, V. M. (2018) Dress as Social Relations: An Interpretation of Bushman Dress. Johannesburg: Wits University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallis, R. J. (2003). Shamans/Neo-Shamans: Ecstasy, Alternative Archaeologies and Contemporary Pagans. London: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallis, R. J., & Blain, J. (2003). Sites, Sacredness, and Stories: Interactions of Archaeology and Contemporary Paganism. Folklore, 114(3), 307–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walter, D. (2001). The Medium of the Message: Shamanism as Localised Practice in the Nepal Himalayas. In Price, N., ed., The Archaeology of Shamanism. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 105–19.Google Scholar
Weatherhill, C. (2011). Cornovia: Ancient Sites and Cornwall and Scilly 4000BC–1000AD. 2nd edn. Wellington: Halsgrove.Google Scholar
Wellcome Collection. (n.d.). Mole’s Foot Amulet, Norfolk, England, 1890–1910. https://wellcomecollection.org/works/wuass8ed.Google Scholar
Wilby, E. (2013 (2005)). Cunning Folk and Familiar Spirits: Shamanistic Visionary Traditions in Early Modern British Witchcraft and Magic. Brighton: Sussex Academic Press.Google Scholar
Wilson, J. D. ed. (2009). William Shakespeare: As You Like It. The Cambridge Dover Wilson Shakespeare. Volume 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Winter, S. (2022). The Horrors of War. Bird Watching. September 2022, 28–34.Google Scholar
White, E. D. (2014). Devil’s Stones and Midnight Rites: Megaliths, Folklore and Contemporary Pagan Witchcraft. Folklore, 125(1), 60–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yunkaporta, T. (2019). Sand Talk: How Indigenous Thinking Can Save the World. Melbourne: Text.Google Scholar
Zambelli, P. 2007. White Magic, Black Magic in the European Renaissance: From Ficino, Pico, Della Porta to Trithemius, Agrippa, Bruno. Leiden: Brill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save element to Kindle

To save this element to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Amulets in Magical Practice
  • Jay Johnston, University of Sydney
  • Online ISBN: 9781108953412
Available formats
×

Save element to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Amulets in Magical Practice
  • Jay Johnston, University of Sydney
  • Online ISBN: 9781108953412
Available formats
×

Save element to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Amulets in Magical Practice
  • Jay Johnston, University of Sydney
  • Online ISBN: 9781108953412
Available formats
×