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3 - Opacity

from Part I - Challenges

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 July 2021

Simon Chesterman
Affiliation:
National University of Singapore
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Summary

As computer programs become ever more complex, the ability of non-specialists to understand them diminishes. Opacity may also be built into programs by companies seeking to protect proprietary interests. Both such systems are capable of being explained, albeit with recourse to experts or an order to reveal their internal workings. Yet a third kind of system may be naturally opaque: some machine learning techniques are difficult or impossible to explain in a manner that humans can comprehend. This raises concerns when the process by which a decision is made is as important as the decision itself. For example, a sentencing algorithm might produce a ‘just’ outcome for a class of convicted persons. Unless the justness of that outcome for an individual defendant can be explained in court, however, it is, quite rightly, subject to legal challenge. Separate concerns are raised by the prospect that AI systems may mask or reify discriminatory practices or outcomes.

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Chapter
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We, the Robots?
Regulating Artificial Intelligence and the Limits of the Law
, pp. 63 - 82
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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  • Opacity
  • Simon Chesterman, National University of Singapore
  • Book: We, the Robots?
  • Online publication: 15 July 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009047081.005
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  • Opacity
  • Simon Chesterman, National University of Singapore
  • Book: We, the Robots?
  • Online publication: 15 July 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009047081.005
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Opacity
  • Simon Chesterman, National University of Singapore
  • Book: We, the Robots?
  • Online publication: 15 July 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009047081.005
Available formats
×