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21 - Trade Mark Rights and Parallel Imports vis-à-vis the Never-Ending Evolution of the Behavior of Firms: Transition and Coherence Put to a Test

from A - Intellectual “Property” and its Limits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 December 2020

Niklas Bruun
Affiliation:
Hanken School of Economics (Finland)
Graeme B. Dinwoodie
Affiliation:
Chicago-Kent College of Law
Marianne Levin
Affiliation:
Stockholm University Department of Law
Ansgar Ohly
Affiliation:
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Faculty of Law
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Summary

It has been, and is, quite frequent practice for a firm, producing goods directed at different national markets, to label them with different trade marks. Sometimes there is no alternative to this practice, as when the trade mark registered in one country cannot be used in other countries. This might arise, for example, when a trade mark consisting of one word has, in the language of other countries, a commercially unacceptable meaning, or when a trade mark used in one country is already in the hands of somebody else in other countries or is susceptible of confusion with a pre-existing trade mark in other countries. Sometimes this practice is only the fruit of specific events, like mergers of previously independent structures. Sometimes the firm intentionally seeks to keep separate markets, so as to exploit the possibility of different prices and thus achieve globally higher profits.

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Transition and Coherence in Intellectual Property Law
Essays in Honour of Annette Kur
, pp. 263 - 271
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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