Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T02:03:00.236Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Works Cited

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

Bruce A. Jacobs
Affiliation:
University of Texas, Dallas
Richard Wright
Affiliation:
University of Missouri, St Louis
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Street Justice
Retaliation in the Criminal Underworld
, pp. 137 - 148
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adler, Patricia A. 1985. Wheeling and Dealing. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Agar, Michael 1973. Ripping and Running: A Formal Ethnography of Urban Heroin Addicts. New York: Seminar Press.Google Scholar
Anderson, Elijah 1999. Code of the Street. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Anderson, Elijah 1990. Streetwise: Race, class, and change in an urban community. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Arkes, Hal R., and Ayton, Peter 1999. “The Sunk Cost and Concorde Effects: Are Humans Less Rational than Lower Animals?Psychological Bulletin 125:591–600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bailey, F. Y., and Green, A. P. 1999. Law Never Here: A Social History of African American Responses to Issues of Crime and Justice. Westport, CT: Praeger.Google Scholar
Baron, Stephen W., Forde, David R., and Kennedy, Leslie W. 2001. “Rough justice: Street youth and violence.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence 16:662–678.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barreca, Regina 1995. Sweet revenge: The wicked delights of getting even. New York: Berkley Publishing Group.Google Scholar
Baskin, Deborah, and Sommers, Ira. 1998. Causalities of Community Disorder: Women's Careers in Violent Crime. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Baumeister, Roy F., and Campbell, W. K. 1999. “The intrinsic appeal of evil: Sadism, sensational thrills, and threatened egotism.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 3:210–221.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berkowitz, L. 1993. Aggression: Its causes, consequences, and control.New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Biernacki, Patrick, and Waldorf, Dan 1981. “Snowball Sampling: Problems and Techniques of Chain Referral Sampling.” Sociological Methods and Research 10:141–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bies, Robert J., and Thomas M. Tripp 2001. “A Passion for Justice: The Rationality and Morality of Revenge.” Justice in the Workplace: From Theory to Practice, pp. 197–208, edited by Cropanzano, Russell. Mahway, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Bies, Robert J., and Thomas M. Tripp 1996. “Beyond Distrust: ‘Getting Even’ and the Need for Revenge.” Trust in organizations: Frontiers of theory and research, pp. 246–260, edited by , Roderick M. Kramer and , Tom R. Tyler. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Bishop, Donna M. 1984. “Legal and Extralegal Barriers to Delinquency: A Panel Analysis.” Criminology 22:403–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Black, Donald 1993. The Social Structure of Right and Wrong. San Diego: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Black, Donald 1983. “Crime as Social Control.” American Sociological Review 48:34–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Black, Donald 1971. “The social organization of arrest.” Stanford Law Review 35:733–748.Google Scholar
Blau, Peter 1964. Exchange and power in social life. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Blumstein, Alfred, and Rosenfeld, Richard 1998. “Explaining Recent Trends in U.S. Homicide Rates.” Journal of Criminology and Criminal Law 88: 1175–1216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bottcher, Jean 2001. “Social practices of gender: How gender relates to delinquency in the everyday lives of high-risk youths.” Criminology 39:893–932.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bottoms, Anthony, and Paul Wiles 1992. “Explanations of Crime and Place.” Crime, Policing and Place: Essays in Environmental Criminology, pp. 11–35, edited by Evans, D., Fyfe, N., and Herbert, D.. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Bourgois, Philippe. 1996. “In search of masculinity: Violence, respect, and sexuality among Puerto Rican crack dealers in East Harle.” British Journal of Criminology 36:412–427.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourgois, Philippe. 1995. In Search of Respect: Selling Crack in El Barrio. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Braga, Anthony, Kennedy, David, Piehl, Anne, and Waring, Elin 2001. “Measuring the Impact of Project Ceasefire,” in National Institute of Justice, Reducing Gun Violence: The Boston Gun Project's Operation Ceasefire, Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.Google Scholar
Bray, Timothy M. 2003. The effect of socioeconomic disadvantage and racial isolation on neighborhood homicide. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri – St. Louis.
Broidy, Lisa, and Agnew, Robert 1997. “Gender and Crime: A General Strain Theory Perspective.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 34:275–306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bryan, Brophy-Baermann, and Conybeare, John A. C. 1994. “Retaliating against Terrorism: Rational Expectations and the Optimality of Rules versus Discretion.” American Journal of Political Science 38:196–210.Google Scholar
Brown, Stephen E., Esbensen, Finn-Aage, and Geis, Gilbert 1996. Explaining Crime and Its Context (2nd ed.). Cincinnati: Anderson.Google Scholar
Canada, Geoffrey 1995. Fist stick knife gun: A personal history of violence in America. Boston: Beacon Press.Google Scholar
Clarke, Ronald V., and Derek B. Cornish. 2001. “Rational Choice.” In Explaining Criminals and Crime: Essays in Contemporary Criminological Theory, pp. 23–42, edited by Paternoster, R. and Bachman, R.. Los Angeles: Roxbury.Google Scholar
Collison, Mike. 1996. “In search of the high life: Drugs, crime, masculinities, and consumptio.” British Journal of Criminology 36:428–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connell, R. W. 1995. Masculinities. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Connell, R. W. 1987. Gender and Power: Society, the Person and Sexual Politics. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Cook, Phillip, and John Laub 1998. “The Unprecendented Epidemic of Youth Violence.” In Crime and Justice: A Review of Research: Volume 29, pp. 117–153, edited by Tonry, Michael and Moore, Mark, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Cooney, Mark 1998. Warriors and peacemakers: How third parties shape violence. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Cota-McKinley, Amy L., Woody, William Douglas, and Bell, Paul A. 2001. “Vengeance: Effects of gender, age, and religious background.” Aggressive Behavior 27:343–350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Courtwright, David 1996. Violent Land: Single Men and Social Disorder from the Frontier to the Inner City. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Covington, Jeanette 2003. “The violent black male: Conceptions of race in criminological theories.” In Hawkins, Darnell, Violent Crime: Assessing Race and Ethnic Differences. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Craig, Kellina M. 1999. “Retaliation, Fear, or Rage: An Investigation of African American and White Reactions to Racist Hate Crimes.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence 14:138–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crick, Nicki R. 2003. “A gender-balanced approach to the study of childhood aggression and reciprocal family influences.” In Crouter, Ann C. and Booth, Alan (eds). Children's Influence on Family Dynamics: The Neglected Side of Family Relationships. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Crick, Nicki R., Grotpeter, Jennifer K., and Bigbee, Maureen A.. 2002. “Relationally and physically aggressive children's intent attributions and feelings of distress for relational and instrumental peer provocation.” Child Development 73 (4):1134–1142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cromwell, Paul F., Marks, Alan, Olson, James N., and Avary, D'Aunn W. 1991. “Group Effects on Decision-making by Burglars.” Psychological Reports 69:579–588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curtis, Richard, and Travis Wendel 2000. “Lockin' Niggas up like it's goin' out of style: The differing consequences of police interventions in Three Brooklyn, New York drug markets.” Paper presented at the American Society of Criminology's annual meeting in San Francisco, November 2000.
Daly, Kathleen 1989. “Gender and Varieties of White-Collar Crime.” Criminology 27:769–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Decker, Scott H. and Winkle, Barrik 1996. Life in the Gang. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeRidder, Richard, Schruijer, Sandra G. L., and Rijsman, John B. 1999. “Retaliation to personalistic attack.” Aggressive Behavior 25:91–96.3.0.CO;2-G>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dodge, K. A., Price, J. M., Bachorowski, J. A., and , J. P. Newman 1990. “Hostile attribution biases in severely aggressive adolescents.” Journal of Abnormal Psychology 99:385–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Durkheim, Emile 1965. The rules of the sociological method. Solovay, S. and Mueller, J. (trans.), edited by , G. Catlin. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Dyer, Joel. 2000. The Perpetual Prisoner Machine: How America Profits from Crime. Boulder, CO: Westview.Google Scholar
Edgerton, Robert B. 1972. “Violence in East African tribal societies.” Collective Violence, pp. 159–170, edited by Short, Jr James F.. and Wolfgang, Marvin E.. Chicago: Aldine.
Elliott, Delbert S., and Ageton, Suzanne S. 1980. “Reconciling race and class differences in self-reported and official estimates of delinquency.” American Sociological Review 45:95–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erickson, Maynard L., and Empey, LaMar T. 1963. “Court records, undetected delinquency, and decision-making.” Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, and Police Science 54:454–469.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyn, Exum M. 2002. “The application and robustness of the rational choice perspective in the study of intoxicated and angry intentions to aggress.” Criminology 40:933–966.Google Scholar
Fitness, Julie 2001. “Betrayal, rejection, revenge, and forgiveness: An interpersonal script approach.” Interpersonal Rejection, pp. 73–103, edited by Leary, M.. London: Oxford University Press.CrossRef
Fleisher, Mark S. 1995. Beggars and Thieves. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Freud, Sigmund 1930. Civilizations and its Discontents. London: Hogarth.Google Scholar
Fromm, Erich 1973. The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.Google Scholar
Furby, L. 1986. “Psychology and justice.” Justice: Views from the Social Sciences, pp. 153–204, edited by Cohen, R.. New York: Plenum.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gabriel, Yiannis 1998. “An introduction to the social psychology of insults in organizations.” Human Relations 51:1329–1354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilligan, Carol. 1982. In A Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Glaser, Barney, and Strauss, Anselm. 1987. The Discovery of Grounded Theory. Chicago: Aldine.Google Scholar
Glassner, Barry 1999. The Culture of Fear. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Glassner, Barry, and Cheryl Carpenter 1985. “The Feasibility of an Ethnographic Study of Property Offenders: A Report Prepared for the National Institute of Justice.” Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice. Mimeo.
Goldstein, Paul J. 1985. “The Drugs/Violence Nexus: A Tripartite Conceptual Framework.” Journal of Drug Issues 15:493–506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Golub, Andrew, and Johnson, Bruce D. 1999. “Cohort Changes in Illegal Drug Use among Arrestees in Manhattan: From the Heroin Injection Generation to the Blunts Generation.” Substance Use and Misuse 34:1733–1763.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goode, Erich 1997. Deviant Behavior (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Gould, Roger V. 2003. Collision of wills: How ambiguity about social rank breeds conflict. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Gouldner, Alvin W. 1960. “The Norm of Reciprocity: A Preliminary Statement.” American Sociological Review 25:161–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, Greenberg J. 1993. “Stealing in the name of justice.” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 54:81–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hackney, Suzette, David Ashenfelter, and Cecil Angel 2000. “Crime falls in U.S., state.” Retrieved from www.freep.com/news/mich/crime8_20000509.html
John, Hagan, and McCarthy, Bill 1997. Mean Streets: Youth Crime and Homelessness. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hamm, Mark 2001. In Bad Company: America's Terrorist Underground. Boston: Northeastern University Press.Google Scholar
Hanawalt, Barbara A. 1979. Crime and Conflict in English Communities, 1300–1348. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Hasluck, Margaret 1954. The Unwritten Law in Albania. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Heckathorn, Douglas D. 1997. “Respondent-driven sampling: A new approach to the study of social problems.” Social Problems 44:174–199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heimer, Karen, and DeCoster, Stacy. 1999. “The gendering of violent delinquenc.” Criminology. 37:277–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herzberger, Sharon D., and Hall, Jennifer A. 1993. “Consequences of Retaliatory aggression against Siblings and Peers: Urban Minority Children's Expectations.” Child Development 64:1773–1785.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hobbs, Dick. 1994. “Mannish boys: Danny, Chris, crime, masculinity, and business.” In Newburn, Tim and Stanko, Elizabeth (eds). Just Boys Doing Business? Men, Masculinities, and Crime. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hochstetler, Andy 2001. “Opportunities and decisions: Interactional dynamics in robbery and burglary groups.” Criminology 39:737–763.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Homans, G. C. 1961. Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms. New York: Harcourt, Brace, and World.Google Scholar
Horowitz, Ruth 1983. Honor and the American Dream. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Horwitz, Allan V. 1990. The Logic of Social Control. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Humphreys, Laud 1970. Tearoom Trade. Chicago: Aldine de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Huston, Ted, Geis, Gilbert, and Wright, Richard 1976. “The Angry Samaritan.” Psychology Today 10: 61–64, 85.Google Scholar
Irwin, John 1972. “Particpant Observation of Criminals.” In Research on Deviance, edited by Douglas, J.. New York: Random House.Google Scholar
Jacobs, Bruce A. 1999. Dealing Crack: The Social World of Streetcorner Selling. Boston: Northeastern University Press.Google Scholar
Jacobs, Bruce A. 2000. Robbing Drug Dealers: Violence Beyond the Law.New York: Aldine de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Jacobs, Bruce A., with Wright, Richard 2000. “Researching Drug Robbery.” Chapter 1 of Robbing Drug Dealers: Violence Beyond the Law.New York: Aldine de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Jacobs, Bruce A., Topalli, Volkan, and Wright, Richard 2000. “Managing retaliation: Drug robbery and informal sanction threats.” Criminology 38:171–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacoby, Susan 1983. Wild Justice: The Evolution of Revenge. New York: Harper and Row.Google Scholar
Jenness, Valerie 1993. Making it Work: The Prostitutes' Rights Movement in Perspective. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Johnson, Eric, and John Payne 1986. “The Decision to Commit a Crime: An information-Processing Analysis.” In The Reasoning Criminal. Derek, B. Cornish and Ronald, V. Clarke (eds.) New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 170–185.Google Scholar
Jones, E. E. and K. E. Davis 1965. “From acts to dispositions: The attribution process in person perception.” Advances in experimental psychology, pp. 220–266, edited by Berkowitz., L.New York: Academic Press.
Katz, Jack 1991. “The Motivation of the Persistent Robber.” Crime and Justice: A Review of Research, pp. 277–305, edited by Tonry, M.. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Katz, Jack 1988. Seductions of Crime: Moral and Sensual Attractions in Doing Evil. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Kennedy, David, Anthony Braga, and Anne Piehl 2001. “Developing and Implementing Operation Ceasefire.” In National Institute of Justice, Reducing Gun Violence: The Boston Gun Project's Operation Ceasefire, Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
Kershnar, Stephen 2001. Desert, Retribution, and Torture. Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Khatri, Naresh, and Ng, H. Alvin 2000. “The Role of Intuition in Strategic Decisionmaking.” Human Relations 53:57–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Sung Hee, Smith, Richard H., and Brigham, Nancy L. 1998. “Effects of power imbalance and the presence of third parties on reactions to harm: Upward and downward revenge.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 24:353–361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Sung Hee, and Smith, Richard H. 1993. “Revenge and conflict escalation.” Negotiation Journal. January:37–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lawler, E. J. 1986. “Bilateral Deterrence and Conflict Spiral: A Theoretical Analysis.” Advances in Group Processes, vol. 3, pp. 107–130, edited by Lawler, E. J.. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.Google Scholar
Lerner, M. J. 1980. The Belief in a Just World. New York: Plenum.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Letkemann, Peter 1973. Crime as Work. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Lewis, I. M. 1961. A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Loftin, Colin 1985Assaultive violence as a contagious social process.” Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 62:550–55.Google Scholar
Loftus, Elizabeth, and Hoffman, Hunter 1989. “Misinformation and Memory: The Creation of New Memories.” Journal of Experimental Psychology 118: 100–104.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luckenbill, David 1981. “Generating Compliance: The Case of Robbery.” Urban Life 10:25–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luckenbill, David F. 1977. “Criminal homicide as a situated transaction.” Social Problems 25:176–186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luckenbill, David F., and Doyle, Daniel P. 1989. “Structural position and violence: Developing a cultural explanation.” Criminology 27:419–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacLeod, Jay 1987. Ain't No Making It. Boulder, CO: Westview.Google Scholar
Maher, Lisa 1997. Sexed Work. New York: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Maher, Lisa, and Kathleen, Daly 1996. “Women in the street-level drug economy: Continuity or change.” Criminology 34:465–492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Markowitz, F. E., and Felson, R. E. 1998. “Social–demographic differences in attitudes and violence.” Criminology 36:117–138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marleau, Jude, and Hamilton, Alayne. 1999. “Demanding to Be Heard: Women's Use of Violence.” Humanity and Society 23:339–358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marongiu, Pietro, and Newman, Graeme 1987. Vengeance: The Fight against Injustice. Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Meier, Robert F., Leslie W. Kennedy, and Vincent F. Sacco. 2001. “Crime and the criminal event perspective.” In The Process and Structure of Crime, pp. 1–28, edited by Meier, R. F., Kennedy, L. W., and Sacco, V. F.. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.Google Scholar
Mercy, James, Rosenberg, Mark, Powell, Kenneth, Broome, Claire, and William, Roper 1993. “Public Health Policy for Preventing Violence.” Health Affairs 12: 7–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Merry, Sally Engle 1990. Getting Justice and Getting Even; Legal Consciousness among Working-Class Americans. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Messerschmidt, James W. 2000. Nine Lives: Adolescent Masculinities, the Body, and Violence. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Messerschmidt, James W. 1997. Crime as Structured Action: Gender, Race, Class, and Crime in the Making. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Messerschmidt, James W. 1993. Masculinities and Crime: Critique and Reconceptualization of Theory. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Mieczkowski, Thomas 1986. “‘Geeking up’ and Throwing Down: Heroin Street Life in Detroit.” Criminology 24:645–666.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Dale T. 2001. “Disrespect and the experience of injustice.” Annual Review of Psychology 52:527–553.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, Jerome G. 1996. Search and Destroy: African-American Males in the Criminal Justice System. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Jody. 2002. “The strengths and limits of ‘doing gender’ for understanding street crime.” Theoretical Criminology. 6:433–460.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Jody 2001. One of the Guys: Girls, Gangs, and Gender. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Miller, Jody 1998. “Up it up: Gender and the accomplishment of street robbery.” Criminology. 36:37–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Jody, and White, Norman. 2003. “Gender and adolescent relationship violence: A contextual examination.” Criminology 41(4):1207–1248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Norman, Pedersen, William C., Earlywine, Mitchell, and Pollock, Vicki E.. 2003. “A theoretical model of triggered displaced aggression.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 7:75–97.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, Walter B. 1958. “Lower Class Culture as a Generating Milieu of Gang Delinquence.” Journal of Social Issues 14:5–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, William 1997. “Clint Eastwood and Equity: The Virtues of Revenge and the Shortcomings of Law in Popular Culture.” Law and the Domains of Culture, pp. 161–202, edited by Sarat, Austin and Kearns, Thomas. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Miller, William 1993. Humiliation and Other Essays on Honor, Social Discomfort, and Violence. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Molm, Linda D. 1994. “Is punishment effective? Coercive strategies in social exchange.” Social Psychology Quarterly 57:75–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, Michael S. 1993. “Justifying retributivism.” Israel Law Review 27:15–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mullins, Christopher 2004. Masculinities, Streetlife, and Violence. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Missouri-St. Louis.
Mullins, Christopher W., and Richard, T. Wright. 2003. “Gender, social networks, and residential burglary.” Criminology 41:1601–1627.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagin, Daniel, and Greg, Pogarsky 2001. “Integrating celerity, impulsivity, and extralegal sanction threats into a model of general deterrence: Theory and evidence.” Criminology 39:865–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nye, F. Ivan, and James, F. Short. 1956. “Scaling delinquent behavior.” American Sociological Review 22:326–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ohbuchi, Kennichi, and Saito, Megumi 1986. “Power imbalance, its legitimacy, and aggression.” Aggressive Behavior 12:33–40.3.0.CO;2-S>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oliver, William 1994. The Violent Social World of Black Men. New York: Lexington.Google Scholar
Paternoster, Raymond, and Alex, Piquero 1995. “Reconceptualizing Deterrence: An Empirical Test of Personal and Vicarious Experiences.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 32:251–286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pederson, William C., Candace, Gonzales, and Norman, Miller 2000. “The moderating effect of trivial triggering provocation on displaced aggression.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 78:913–927.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, Elicka S. L. 1999. “Murder as self-help: Women and intimate partner homicide.” Homicide Studies 3:30–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pitt-Rivers, Julian 1966. “Honour and social status.” In Honour and Shame: The Values of Mediterreanean Society, pp. 19–77, edited by Peristiany, J. G.. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Polk, Kenneth 1994. When Men Kill: Scenarios of Masculine Violence. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Polsky, Ned 1969. Hustlers, Beats, and Others. Chicago: Aldine.Google Scholar
Posner, Richard A. 1980. “Retribution and related concepts of punishment.” The Journal of Legal Studies 9:71–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prus, Robert 1984. “Purchasing Products for Resale: Assessing Supliers as ‘Partners-in-Trade’Symbolic Interaction 7:249–278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rather, Dan 2001. CBS Evening News. September 12.
Ripstein, Arthur 1997. “Responses to humiliation.” Social Research 64:90–111.Google Scholar
Rosenfeld, Richard, and Scott, H. Decker 1996. “Consent to Search and Seize: Evaluating an Innovative Youth Firearm Supression Program.” Law and Contemporary Problems 59:197–219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenfeld, Richard, Bruce, A. Jacobs, and Richard, Wright. 2003. “Snitching and the code of the streets.” British Journal of Criminology 43:291–309.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothschild, Joyce, and Terance, D. Miethe, 1999. “Disclosures and Management Retaliation. The Battle to Control Information about Organization Corruption.” Work and Occupations 26:107–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, Robert J., and Stephen, W. Raudenbush 1999. “Systematic Social Observation of Public Spaces: A New Look at Disorder in Urban Neighborhoods.” American Journal of Sociology 105:603–651.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarat, Austin 1997. “Vengeance, victims, and the identities of law.” Social and Legal Studies 6:163–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schnake, Sherry B.Ruscher, Janet B., Gratz, Kim Lee, and O'Neal, Edgar C. 1997. “Measure for Measure? Male Retaliation Commensurate with Anger Depends on Provocateur Gender and Aggression Covertness.” Journal of Social Behavior and Personality 12:937–954.Google Scholar
Seton, Paul H. 2001. “On the importance of getting even: A study of the origins and intention of revenge.” Smith College Studies in Social Work 72:77–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shaffir, Wiliam B., Stebbins, Robert A., and Turowetz, Allan 1980. Fieldwork Experience: Qualitative Approaches to Social Research, New York: St. Martin's Press.Google Scholar
Sheley, Joseph F., and Wright, James D.. 1995. In the Line of Fire: Youth, Guns, and Violence in Urban America. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Sherman, Lawrence 2003. “Reason for emotion: Reinventing justice with theories, innovations, and research – The American Society of Criminology 2002 Presidential Address.” Criminology 41:1–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sherman, Lawrence 1993. “Defiance, Deterrence, and Irrelevance: A Theory of the Criminal Sanction.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 30:445–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shover, Neal 1996. Great Pretenders. Boulder, CO: Westview.Google Scholar
Shover, Neal 1991. “Burglary.” Crime and Justice: A Review of Research: Volume 14, pp. 73–113, edited by Tonry, Michael, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Sim, Joe 1994. “Tougher than the Rest? Men in Prison.” In Newburn, Tim and Stanko, Elizabeth (eds). Just Boys Doing Business: Men, Masculinities, and Crime. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Simon, David 1991. Homicide: A Year on the Killing Streets. New York: Fawcett Columbine.Google Scholar
Simon, Herbert A. 1979. “Rational decision making in business organizations.” The American Economic Review 69:493–513.Google Scholar
Simpson, Sally 1991. “Caste, class, and violent crime: Explaining differences in female offending.” Criminology, 29:115–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, Sally, and Elis, Lori. 1995. “Doing gender: Sorting out the caste and crime conundrur.” Criminology. 33:47–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singer, Simon 1988. “The fear of reprisal and the failure of victims to report a personal crime.” Journal of Quantitative Criminology 4:289–302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solomon, Robert C. 1990. A Passion for Justice: Emotions and the Origins of the Social Contract. Reading, MA.: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
Solomon, Robert C. 1989. “The emotions of justice.” Social Justice Research 3:345–374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sluka, Jeffrey A. 1990. “Participant Observation in Violent Social Contexts.” Human Organization 49:109–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spradley, James 1980. Participant Observation. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.Google Scholar
Spreen, Marius 1992. “Rare Populations, Hidden Populations, and Link-Tracing Designs: What and Why.” Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique 6:34–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steffensmeier, Darrell 1983. “Organization properties and sex-segregation in the underworld: Building a sociological theory of sex differences in crime.” Social Forces 61:1010–1032.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steffensmeier, Darrell, and Terry, Robert. 1986. “Institutional sexism in the underworld: A view from the inside.” Sociological Inquiry 56:304–323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strauss, Anselm 1987. Qualitative Analysis for Social Scientists. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutherland, Edwin and Cressey, Donald 1970. Criminology, 8th edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott.Google Scholar
Sykes, Gresham, and Matza, David 1957. “Techniques of Neutralization: A Theory of Delinquency.” American Sociological Review 22:667–670.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tedeschi, James T., and Felson, Richard B. 1994. Violence, Aggression, and Coercive Actions. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Topalli, Volkan, Fornango, Robert, and Wright, Richard 2002. “Drug dealers, robbery, and retaliation: Vulnerability, deterrence, and the contagion of violence.” British Journal of Criminology 42:337–351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Travis, Jeremy, Solomon, Amy L., and Waul, Michelle. 2001. From prison to home: The dimensions and consequences of prisoner reentry. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.Google Scholar
UCR 2002. Crime in the United States, Washington. DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
United States Department of Labor 1998. Quarterly Report, Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
Mannen, John 1988. Tales of the Field: On Writing Ethnography. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Vidmar, Neil 2001. “Retribution and revenge.” In Handbook of Justice Research, pp. 31–63, edited by Sanders, Joseph and Hamilton, V. Lee. New York: Kluwer.Google Scholar
Walker, A. and Charles Lidz 1977. “Methodological Notes on the Employment of Indigenous Observers.” In Street Ethnography, pp. 103–123, edited by Weppner, R.. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Wendel, Travis 2000. “Zero Tolerance: Misleading results.” Drug Link November/December:3–6.Google Scholar
Wenzel, Michael 2001. “A social categorization approach to distributive justice: Social identity as the link between relevance of inputs and need for justice.” British Journal of Social Psychology 40:315–335.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
West, D., and Farrington, David 1977. The Delinquent Way of Life. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
West, Candace, and Fenstermaker, Sarah. 1995. “Doing difference.” Gender and Society. 9:3–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
West, Candace, and Zimmerman, Don 1987. “Doing gender.” Gender and Society. 1:125–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
West, W.Gordon 1980, “Access to Adolescent Deviants and Deviance,” pp. 31–44, in Shaffir, W., Stebbins, R., and Turowitz, A.(eds), Fieldwork Experience: Qualitative Approaches to Social Research. New York: St. Martin's Press.Google Scholar
White, Jacquelyn W., and Robin, M. Kowalski. 1994. “Deconstructing the myth of the non-aggressive women.” Psychology of Women Quarterly 18:487–508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whyte, William Foote, with Whyte, Kathleen King. 1984. Learning from the Field: A Guide from Experience. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, Deanna L., and Jeffrey Fagan 2001. “A theory of violent events.” pp. 169–195, in Meier, R. F., Kennedy, L. W., and Sacco, V. F. (eds.), The Process and Structure of Crime. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
Williams, Christopher R. 2002. “Toward a transvaluation of criminal ‘justice;’ On vengeance, peacemaking, and punishment.” Humanity and Society 25:100–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, William J. 1996. When Work Disappears. New York: Knopf.Google Scholar
Wolff, K. 1960. Durkheim, Emile et al., Writings on Sociology and Philosophy.New York: Harper and Row.Google Scholar
Wolfgang, Marvin 1958. Patterns in Criminal Homicide. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolfgang, Marvin E., and Ferracuti, Franco 1967. The Subculture of Violence. London: Tavistock Press.Google Scholar
Wright, Richard T., and Decker, Scott H. 1997. Armed Robbers in Action. Boston: Northeastern University Press.Google Scholar
Wright, Richard T., and Decker, Scott H. 1994. Burglars on the Job. Boston: Northeastern University Press.Google Scholar
Wright, Richard, and Stein, Michael 1996. “Seeing Ourselves: Exploring the Social Production of Criminological Knowledge in a Qualitative Methods Course.” Journal of Criminal Justice Education 7:66–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zimring, Franklin E., and Hawkins, Gordon J. 1973. Deterrence: The Legal Threat in Crime Control. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Adler, Patricia A. 1985. Wheeling and Dealing. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Agar, Michael 1973. Ripping and Running: A Formal Ethnography of Urban Heroin Addicts. New York: Seminar Press.Google Scholar
Anderson, Elijah 1999. Code of the Street. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Anderson, Elijah 1990. Streetwise: Race, class, and change in an urban community. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Arkes, Hal R., and Ayton, Peter 1999. “The Sunk Cost and Concorde Effects: Are Humans Less Rational than Lower Animals?Psychological Bulletin 125:591–600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bailey, F. Y., and Green, A. P. 1999. Law Never Here: A Social History of African American Responses to Issues of Crime and Justice. Westport, CT: Praeger.Google Scholar
Baron, Stephen W., Forde, David R., and Kennedy, Leslie W. 2001. “Rough justice: Street youth and violence.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence 16:662–678.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barreca, Regina 1995. Sweet revenge: The wicked delights of getting even. New York: Berkley Publishing Group.Google Scholar
Baskin, Deborah, and Sommers, Ira. 1998. Causalities of Community Disorder: Women's Careers in Violent Crime. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Baumeister, Roy F., and Campbell, W. K. 1999. “The intrinsic appeal of evil: Sadism, sensational thrills, and threatened egotism.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 3:210–221.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berkowitz, L. 1993. Aggression: Its causes, consequences, and control.New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Biernacki, Patrick, and Waldorf, Dan 1981. “Snowball Sampling: Problems and Techniques of Chain Referral Sampling.” Sociological Methods and Research 10:141–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bies, Robert J., and Thomas M. Tripp 2001. “A Passion for Justice: The Rationality and Morality of Revenge.” Justice in the Workplace: From Theory to Practice, pp. 197–208, edited by Cropanzano, Russell. Mahway, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Bies, Robert J., and Thomas M. Tripp 1996. “Beyond Distrust: ‘Getting Even’ and the Need for Revenge.” Trust in organizations: Frontiers of theory and research, pp. 246–260, edited by , Roderick M. Kramer and , Tom R. Tyler. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Bishop, Donna M. 1984. “Legal and Extralegal Barriers to Delinquency: A Panel Analysis.” Criminology 22:403–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Black, Donald 1993. The Social Structure of Right and Wrong. San Diego: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Black, Donald 1983. “Crime as Social Control.” American Sociological Review 48:34–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Black, Donald 1971. “The social organization of arrest.” Stanford Law Review 35:733–748.Google Scholar
Blau, Peter 1964. Exchange and power in social life. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Blumstein, Alfred, and Rosenfeld, Richard 1998. “Explaining Recent Trends in U.S. Homicide Rates.” Journal of Criminology and Criminal Law 88: 1175–1216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bottcher, Jean 2001. “Social practices of gender: How gender relates to delinquency in the everyday lives of high-risk youths.” Criminology 39:893–932.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bottoms, Anthony, and Paul Wiles 1992. “Explanations of Crime and Place.” Crime, Policing and Place: Essays in Environmental Criminology, pp. 11–35, edited by Evans, D., Fyfe, N., and Herbert, D.. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Bourgois, Philippe. 1996. “In search of masculinity: Violence, respect, and sexuality among Puerto Rican crack dealers in East Harle.” British Journal of Criminology 36:412–427.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourgois, Philippe. 1995. In Search of Respect: Selling Crack in El Barrio. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Braga, Anthony, Kennedy, David, Piehl, Anne, and Waring, Elin 2001. “Measuring the Impact of Project Ceasefire,” in National Institute of Justice, Reducing Gun Violence: The Boston Gun Project's Operation Ceasefire, Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.Google Scholar
Bray, Timothy M. 2003. The effect of socioeconomic disadvantage and racial isolation on neighborhood homicide. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri – St. Louis.
Broidy, Lisa, and Agnew, Robert 1997. “Gender and Crime: A General Strain Theory Perspective.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 34:275–306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bryan, Brophy-Baermann, and Conybeare, John A. C. 1994. “Retaliating against Terrorism: Rational Expectations and the Optimality of Rules versus Discretion.” American Journal of Political Science 38:196–210.Google Scholar
Brown, Stephen E., Esbensen, Finn-Aage, and Geis, Gilbert 1996. Explaining Crime and Its Context (2nd ed.). Cincinnati: Anderson.Google Scholar
Canada, Geoffrey 1995. Fist stick knife gun: A personal history of violence in America. Boston: Beacon Press.Google Scholar
Clarke, Ronald V., and Derek B. Cornish. 2001. “Rational Choice.” In Explaining Criminals and Crime: Essays in Contemporary Criminological Theory, pp. 23–42, edited by Paternoster, R. and Bachman, R.. Los Angeles: Roxbury.Google Scholar
Collison, Mike. 1996. “In search of the high life: Drugs, crime, masculinities, and consumptio.” British Journal of Criminology 36:428–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connell, R. W. 1995. Masculinities. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Connell, R. W. 1987. Gender and Power: Society, the Person and Sexual Politics. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Cook, Phillip, and John Laub 1998. “The Unprecendented Epidemic of Youth Violence.” In Crime and Justice: A Review of Research: Volume 29, pp. 117–153, edited by Tonry, Michael and Moore, Mark, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Cooney, Mark 1998. Warriors and peacemakers: How third parties shape violence. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Cota-McKinley, Amy L., Woody, William Douglas, and Bell, Paul A. 2001. “Vengeance: Effects of gender, age, and religious background.” Aggressive Behavior 27:343–350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Courtwright, David 1996. Violent Land: Single Men and Social Disorder from the Frontier to the Inner City. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Covington, Jeanette 2003. “The violent black male: Conceptions of race in criminological theories.” In Hawkins, Darnell, Violent Crime: Assessing Race and Ethnic Differences. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Craig, Kellina M. 1999. “Retaliation, Fear, or Rage: An Investigation of African American and White Reactions to Racist Hate Crimes.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence 14:138–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crick, Nicki R. 2003. “A gender-balanced approach to the study of childhood aggression and reciprocal family influences.” In Crouter, Ann C. and Booth, Alan (eds). Children's Influence on Family Dynamics: The Neglected Side of Family Relationships. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Crick, Nicki R., Grotpeter, Jennifer K., and Bigbee, Maureen A.. 2002. “Relationally and physically aggressive children's intent attributions and feelings of distress for relational and instrumental peer provocation.” Child Development 73 (4):1134–1142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cromwell, Paul F., Marks, Alan, Olson, James N., and Avary, D'Aunn W. 1991. “Group Effects on Decision-making by Burglars.” Psychological Reports 69:579–588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curtis, Richard, and Travis Wendel 2000. “Lockin' Niggas up like it's goin' out of style: The differing consequences of police interventions in Three Brooklyn, New York drug markets.” Paper presented at the American Society of Criminology's annual meeting in San Francisco, November 2000.
Daly, Kathleen 1989. “Gender and Varieties of White-Collar Crime.” Criminology 27:769–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Decker, Scott H. and Winkle, Barrik 1996. Life in the Gang. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeRidder, Richard, Schruijer, Sandra G. L., and Rijsman, John B. 1999. “Retaliation to personalistic attack.” Aggressive Behavior 25:91–96.3.0.CO;2-G>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dodge, K. A., Price, J. M., Bachorowski, J. A., and , J. P. Newman 1990. “Hostile attribution biases in severely aggressive adolescents.” Journal of Abnormal Psychology 99:385–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Durkheim, Emile 1965. The rules of the sociological method. Solovay, S. and Mueller, J. (trans.), edited by , G. Catlin. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Dyer, Joel. 2000. The Perpetual Prisoner Machine: How America Profits from Crime. Boulder, CO: Westview.Google Scholar
Edgerton, Robert B. 1972. “Violence in East African tribal societies.” Collective Violence, pp. 159–170, edited by Short, Jr James F.. and Wolfgang, Marvin E.. Chicago: Aldine.
Elliott, Delbert S., and Ageton, Suzanne S. 1980. “Reconciling race and class differences in self-reported and official estimates of delinquency.” American Sociological Review 45:95–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erickson, Maynard L., and Empey, LaMar T. 1963. “Court records, undetected delinquency, and decision-making.” Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, and Police Science 54:454–469.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyn, Exum M. 2002. “The application and robustness of the rational choice perspective in the study of intoxicated and angry intentions to aggress.” Criminology 40:933–966.Google Scholar
Fitness, Julie 2001. “Betrayal, rejection, revenge, and forgiveness: An interpersonal script approach.” Interpersonal Rejection, pp. 73–103, edited by Leary, M.. London: Oxford University Press.CrossRef
Fleisher, Mark S. 1995. Beggars and Thieves. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Freud, Sigmund 1930. Civilizations and its Discontents. London: Hogarth.Google Scholar
Fromm, Erich 1973. The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.Google Scholar
Furby, L. 1986. “Psychology and justice.” Justice: Views from the Social Sciences, pp. 153–204, edited by Cohen, R.. New York: Plenum.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gabriel, Yiannis 1998. “An introduction to the social psychology of insults in organizations.” Human Relations 51:1329–1354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilligan, Carol. 1982. In A Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Glaser, Barney, and Strauss, Anselm. 1987. The Discovery of Grounded Theory. Chicago: Aldine.Google Scholar
Glassner, Barry 1999. The Culture of Fear. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Glassner, Barry, and Cheryl Carpenter 1985. “The Feasibility of an Ethnographic Study of Property Offenders: A Report Prepared for the National Institute of Justice.” Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice. Mimeo.
Goldstein, Paul J. 1985. “The Drugs/Violence Nexus: A Tripartite Conceptual Framework.” Journal of Drug Issues 15:493–506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Golub, Andrew, and Johnson, Bruce D. 1999. “Cohort Changes in Illegal Drug Use among Arrestees in Manhattan: From the Heroin Injection Generation to the Blunts Generation.” Substance Use and Misuse 34:1733–1763.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goode, Erich 1997. Deviant Behavior (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Gould, Roger V. 2003. Collision of wills: How ambiguity about social rank breeds conflict. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Gouldner, Alvin W. 1960. “The Norm of Reciprocity: A Preliminary Statement.” American Sociological Review 25:161–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, Greenberg J. 1993. “Stealing in the name of justice.” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 54:81–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hackney, Suzette, David Ashenfelter, and Cecil Angel 2000. “Crime falls in U.S., state.” Retrieved from www.freep.com/news/mich/crime8_20000509.html
John, Hagan, and McCarthy, Bill 1997. Mean Streets: Youth Crime and Homelessness. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hamm, Mark 2001. In Bad Company: America's Terrorist Underground. Boston: Northeastern University Press.Google Scholar
Hanawalt, Barbara A. 1979. Crime and Conflict in English Communities, 1300–1348. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Hasluck, Margaret 1954. The Unwritten Law in Albania. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Heckathorn, Douglas D. 1997. “Respondent-driven sampling: A new approach to the study of social problems.” Social Problems 44:174–199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heimer, Karen, and DeCoster, Stacy. 1999. “The gendering of violent delinquenc.” Criminology. 37:277–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herzberger, Sharon D., and Hall, Jennifer A. 1993. “Consequences of Retaliatory aggression against Siblings and Peers: Urban Minority Children's Expectations.” Child Development 64:1773–1785.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hobbs, Dick. 1994. “Mannish boys: Danny, Chris, crime, masculinity, and business.” In Newburn, Tim and Stanko, Elizabeth (eds). Just Boys Doing Business? Men, Masculinities, and Crime. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hochstetler, Andy 2001. “Opportunities and decisions: Interactional dynamics in robbery and burglary groups.” Criminology 39:737–763.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Homans, G. C. 1961. Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms. New York: Harcourt, Brace, and World.Google Scholar
Horowitz, Ruth 1983. Honor and the American Dream. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Horwitz, Allan V. 1990. The Logic of Social Control. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Humphreys, Laud 1970. Tearoom Trade. Chicago: Aldine de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Huston, Ted, Geis, Gilbert, and Wright, Richard 1976. “The Angry Samaritan.” Psychology Today 10: 61–64, 85.Google Scholar
Irwin, John 1972. “Particpant Observation of Criminals.” In Research on Deviance, edited by Douglas, J.. New York: Random House.Google Scholar
Jacobs, Bruce A. 1999. Dealing Crack: The Social World of Streetcorner Selling. Boston: Northeastern University Press.Google Scholar
Jacobs, Bruce A. 2000. Robbing Drug Dealers: Violence Beyond the Law.New York: Aldine de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Jacobs, Bruce A., with Wright, Richard 2000. “Researching Drug Robbery.” Chapter 1 of Robbing Drug Dealers: Violence Beyond the Law.New York: Aldine de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Jacobs, Bruce A., Topalli, Volkan, and Wright, Richard 2000. “Managing retaliation: Drug robbery and informal sanction threats.” Criminology 38:171–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacoby, Susan 1983. Wild Justice: The Evolution of Revenge. New York: Harper and Row.Google Scholar
Jenness, Valerie 1993. Making it Work: The Prostitutes' Rights Movement in Perspective. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Johnson, Eric, and John Payne 1986. “The Decision to Commit a Crime: An information-Processing Analysis.” In The Reasoning Criminal. Derek, B. Cornish and Ronald, V. Clarke (eds.) New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 170–185.Google Scholar
Jones, E. E. and K. E. Davis 1965. “From acts to dispositions: The attribution process in person perception.” Advances in experimental psychology, pp. 220–266, edited by Berkowitz., L.New York: Academic Press.
Katz, Jack 1991. “The Motivation of the Persistent Robber.” Crime and Justice: A Review of Research, pp. 277–305, edited by Tonry, M.. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Katz, Jack 1988. Seductions of Crime: Moral and Sensual Attractions in Doing Evil. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Kennedy, David, Anthony Braga, and Anne Piehl 2001. “Developing and Implementing Operation Ceasefire.” In National Institute of Justice, Reducing Gun Violence: The Boston Gun Project's Operation Ceasefire, Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
Kershnar, Stephen 2001. Desert, Retribution, and Torture. Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Khatri, Naresh, and Ng, H. Alvin 2000. “The Role of Intuition in Strategic Decisionmaking.” Human Relations 53:57–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Sung Hee, Smith, Richard H., and Brigham, Nancy L. 1998. “Effects of power imbalance and the presence of third parties on reactions to harm: Upward and downward revenge.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 24:353–361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Sung Hee, and Smith, Richard H. 1993. “Revenge and conflict escalation.” Negotiation Journal. January:37–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lawler, E. J. 1986. “Bilateral Deterrence and Conflict Spiral: A Theoretical Analysis.” Advances in Group Processes, vol. 3, pp. 107–130, edited by Lawler, E. J.. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.Google Scholar
Lerner, M. J. 1980. The Belief in a Just World. New York: Plenum.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Letkemann, Peter 1973. Crime as Work. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Lewis, I. M. 1961. A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Loftin, Colin 1985Assaultive violence as a contagious social process.” Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 62:550–55.Google Scholar
Loftus, Elizabeth, and Hoffman, Hunter 1989. “Misinformation and Memory: The Creation of New Memories.” Journal of Experimental Psychology 118: 100–104.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luckenbill, David 1981. “Generating Compliance: The Case of Robbery.” Urban Life 10:25–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luckenbill, David F. 1977. “Criminal homicide as a situated transaction.” Social Problems 25:176–186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luckenbill, David F., and Doyle, Daniel P. 1989. “Structural position and violence: Developing a cultural explanation.” Criminology 27:419–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacLeod, Jay 1987. Ain't No Making It. Boulder, CO: Westview.Google Scholar
Maher, Lisa 1997. Sexed Work. New York: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Maher, Lisa, and Kathleen, Daly 1996. “Women in the street-level drug economy: Continuity or change.” Criminology 34:465–492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Markowitz, F. E., and Felson, R. E. 1998. “Social–demographic differences in attitudes and violence.” Criminology 36:117–138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marleau, Jude, and Hamilton, Alayne. 1999. “Demanding to Be Heard: Women's Use of Violence.” Humanity and Society 23:339–358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marongiu, Pietro, and Newman, Graeme 1987. Vengeance: The Fight against Injustice. Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Meier, Robert F., Leslie W. Kennedy, and Vincent F. Sacco. 2001. “Crime and the criminal event perspective.” In The Process and Structure of Crime, pp. 1–28, edited by Meier, R. F., Kennedy, L. W., and Sacco, V. F.. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.Google Scholar
Mercy, James, Rosenberg, Mark, Powell, Kenneth, Broome, Claire, and William, Roper 1993. “Public Health Policy for Preventing Violence.” Health Affairs 12: 7–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Merry, Sally Engle 1990. Getting Justice and Getting Even; Legal Consciousness among Working-Class Americans. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Messerschmidt, James W. 2000. Nine Lives: Adolescent Masculinities, the Body, and Violence. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Messerschmidt, James W. 1997. Crime as Structured Action: Gender, Race, Class, and Crime in the Making. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Messerschmidt, James W. 1993. Masculinities and Crime: Critique and Reconceptualization of Theory. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Mieczkowski, Thomas 1986. “‘Geeking up’ and Throwing Down: Heroin Street Life in Detroit.” Criminology 24:645–666.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Dale T. 2001. “Disrespect and the experience of injustice.” Annual Review of Psychology 52:527–553.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, Jerome G. 1996. Search and Destroy: African-American Males in the Criminal Justice System. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Jody. 2002. “The strengths and limits of ‘doing gender’ for understanding street crime.” Theoretical Criminology. 6:433–460.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Jody 2001. One of the Guys: Girls, Gangs, and Gender. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Miller, Jody 1998. “Up it up: Gender and the accomplishment of street robbery.” Criminology. 36:37–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Jody, and White, Norman. 2003. “Gender and adolescent relationship violence: A contextual examination.” Criminology 41(4):1207–1248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Norman, Pedersen, William C., Earlywine, Mitchell, and Pollock, Vicki E.. 2003. “A theoretical model of triggered displaced aggression.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 7:75–97.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, Walter B. 1958. “Lower Class Culture as a Generating Milieu of Gang Delinquence.” Journal of Social Issues 14:5–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, William 1997. “Clint Eastwood and Equity: The Virtues of Revenge and the Shortcomings of Law in Popular Culture.” Law and the Domains of Culture, pp. 161–202, edited by Sarat, Austin and Kearns, Thomas. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Miller, William 1993. Humiliation and Other Essays on Honor, Social Discomfort, and Violence. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Molm, Linda D. 1994. “Is punishment effective? Coercive strategies in social exchange.” Social Psychology Quarterly 57:75–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, Michael S. 1993. “Justifying retributivism.” Israel Law Review 27:15–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mullins, Christopher 2004. Masculinities, Streetlife, and Violence. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Missouri-St. Louis.
Mullins, Christopher W., and Richard, T. Wright. 2003. “Gender, social networks, and residential burglary.” Criminology 41:1601–1627.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagin, Daniel, and Greg, Pogarsky 2001. “Integrating celerity, impulsivity, and extralegal sanction threats into a model of general deterrence: Theory and evidence.” Criminology 39:865–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nye, F. Ivan, and James, F. Short. 1956. “Scaling delinquent behavior.” American Sociological Review 22:326–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ohbuchi, Kennichi, and Saito, Megumi 1986. “Power imbalance, its legitimacy, and aggression.” Aggressive Behavior 12:33–40.3.0.CO;2-S>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oliver, William 1994. The Violent Social World of Black Men. New York: Lexington.Google Scholar
Paternoster, Raymond, and Alex, Piquero 1995. “Reconceptualizing Deterrence: An Empirical Test of Personal and Vicarious Experiences.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 32:251–286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pederson, William C., Candace, Gonzales, and Norman, Miller 2000. “The moderating effect of trivial triggering provocation on displaced aggression.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 78:913–927.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, Elicka S. L. 1999. “Murder as self-help: Women and intimate partner homicide.” Homicide Studies 3:30–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pitt-Rivers, Julian 1966. “Honour and social status.” In Honour and Shame: The Values of Mediterreanean Society, pp. 19–77, edited by Peristiany, J. G.. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Polk, Kenneth 1994. When Men Kill: Scenarios of Masculine Violence. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Polsky, Ned 1969. Hustlers, Beats, and Others. Chicago: Aldine.Google Scholar
Posner, Richard A. 1980. “Retribution and related concepts of punishment.” The Journal of Legal Studies 9:71–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prus, Robert 1984. “Purchasing Products for Resale: Assessing Supliers as ‘Partners-in-Trade’Symbolic Interaction 7:249–278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rather, Dan 2001. CBS Evening News. September 12.
Ripstein, Arthur 1997. “Responses to humiliation.” Social Research 64:90–111.Google Scholar
Rosenfeld, Richard, and Scott, H. Decker 1996. “Consent to Search and Seize: Evaluating an Innovative Youth Firearm Supression Program.” Law and Contemporary Problems 59:197–219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenfeld, Richard, Bruce, A. Jacobs, and Richard, Wright. 2003. “Snitching and the code of the streets.” British Journal of Criminology 43:291–309.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothschild, Joyce, and Terance, D. Miethe, 1999. “Disclosures and Management Retaliation. The Battle to Control Information about Organization Corruption.” Work and Occupations 26:107–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, Robert J., and Stephen, W. Raudenbush 1999. “Systematic Social Observation of Public Spaces: A New Look at Disorder in Urban Neighborhoods.” American Journal of Sociology 105:603–651.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarat, Austin 1997. “Vengeance, victims, and the identities of law.” Social and Legal Studies 6:163–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schnake, Sherry B.Ruscher, Janet B., Gratz, Kim Lee, and O'Neal, Edgar C. 1997. “Measure for Measure? Male Retaliation Commensurate with Anger Depends on Provocateur Gender and Aggression Covertness.” Journal of Social Behavior and Personality 12:937–954.Google Scholar
Seton, Paul H. 2001. “On the importance of getting even: A study of the origins and intention of revenge.” Smith College Studies in Social Work 72:77–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shaffir, Wiliam B., Stebbins, Robert A., and Turowetz, Allan 1980. Fieldwork Experience: Qualitative Approaches to Social Research, New York: St. Martin's Press.Google Scholar
Sheley, Joseph F., and Wright, James D.. 1995. In the Line of Fire: Youth, Guns, and Violence in Urban America. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Sherman, Lawrence 2003. “Reason for emotion: Reinventing justice with theories, innovations, and research – The American Society of Criminology 2002 Presidential Address.” Criminology 41:1–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sherman, Lawrence 1993. “Defiance, Deterrence, and Irrelevance: A Theory of the Criminal Sanction.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 30:445–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shover, Neal 1996. Great Pretenders. Boulder, CO: Westview.Google Scholar
Shover, Neal 1991. “Burglary.” Crime and Justice: A Review of Research: Volume 14, pp. 73–113, edited by Tonry, Michael, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Sim, Joe 1994. “Tougher than the Rest? Men in Prison.” In Newburn, Tim and Stanko, Elizabeth (eds). Just Boys Doing Business: Men, Masculinities, and Crime. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Simon, David 1991. Homicide: A Year on the Killing Streets. New York: Fawcett Columbine.Google Scholar
Simon, Herbert A. 1979. “Rational decision making in business organizations.” The American Economic Review 69:493–513.Google Scholar
Simpson, Sally 1991. “Caste, class, and violent crime: Explaining differences in female offending.” Criminology, 29:115–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, Sally, and Elis, Lori. 1995. “Doing gender: Sorting out the caste and crime conundrur.” Criminology. 33:47–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singer, Simon 1988. “The fear of reprisal and the failure of victims to report a personal crime.” Journal of Quantitative Criminology 4:289–302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solomon, Robert C. 1990. A Passion for Justice: Emotions and the Origins of the Social Contract. Reading, MA.: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
Solomon, Robert C. 1989. “The emotions of justice.” Social Justice Research 3:345–374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sluka, Jeffrey A. 1990. “Participant Observation in Violent Social Contexts.” Human Organization 49:109–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spradley, James 1980. Participant Observation. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.Google Scholar
Spreen, Marius 1992. “Rare Populations, Hidden Populations, and Link-Tracing Designs: What and Why.” Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique 6:34–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steffensmeier, Darrell 1983. “Organization properties and sex-segregation in the underworld: Building a sociological theory of sex differences in crime.” Social Forces 61:1010–1032.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steffensmeier, Darrell, and Terry, Robert. 1986. “Institutional sexism in the underworld: A view from the inside.” Sociological Inquiry 56:304–323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strauss, Anselm 1987. Qualitative Analysis for Social Scientists. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutherland, Edwin and Cressey, Donald 1970. Criminology, 8th edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott.Google Scholar
Sykes, Gresham, and Matza, David 1957. “Techniques of Neutralization: A Theory of Delinquency.” American Sociological Review 22:667–670.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tedeschi, James T., and Felson, Richard B. 1994. Violence, Aggression, and Coercive Actions. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Topalli, Volkan, Fornango, Robert, and Wright, Richard 2002. “Drug dealers, robbery, and retaliation: Vulnerability, deterrence, and the contagion of violence.” British Journal of Criminology 42:337–351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Travis, Jeremy, Solomon, Amy L., and Waul, Michelle. 2001. From prison to home: The dimensions and consequences of prisoner reentry. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.Google Scholar
UCR 2002. Crime in the United States, Washington. DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
United States Department of Labor 1998. Quarterly Report, Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
Mannen, John 1988. Tales of the Field: On Writing Ethnography. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Vidmar, Neil 2001. “Retribution and revenge.” In Handbook of Justice Research, pp. 31–63, edited by Sanders, Joseph and Hamilton, V. Lee. New York: Kluwer.Google Scholar
Walker, A. and Charles Lidz 1977. “Methodological Notes on the Employment of Indigenous Observers.” In Street Ethnography, pp. 103–123, edited by Weppner, R.. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Wendel, Travis 2000. “Zero Tolerance: Misleading results.” Drug Link November/December:3–6.Google Scholar
Wenzel, Michael 2001. “A social categorization approach to distributive justice: Social identity as the link between relevance of inputs and need for justice.” British Journal of Social Psychology 40:315–335.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
West, D., and Farrington, David 1977. The Delinquent Way of Life. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
West, Candace, and Fenstermaker, Sarah. 1995. “Doing difference.” Gender and Society. 9:3–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
West, Candace, and Zimmerman, Don 1987. “Doing gender.” Gender and Society. 1:125–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
West, W.Gordon 1980, “Access to Adolescent Deviants and Deviance,” pp. 31–44, in Shaffir, W., Stebbins, R., and Turowitz, A.(eds), Fieldwork Experience: Qualitative Approaches to Social Research. New York: St. Martin's Press.Google Scholar
White, Jacquelyn W., and Robin, M. Kowalski. 1994. “Deconstructing the myth of the non-aggressive women.” Psychology of Women Quarterly 18:487–508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whyte, William Foote, with Whyte, Kathleen King. 1984. Learning from the Field: A Guide from Experience. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, Deanna L., and Jeffrey Fagan 2001. “A theory of violent events.” pp. 169–195, in Meier, R. F., Kennedy, L. W., and Sacco, V. F. (eds.), The Process and Structure of Crime. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
Williams, Christopher R. 2002. “Toward a transvaluation of criminal ‘justice;’ On vengeance, peacemaking, and punishment.” Humanity and Society 25:100–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, William J. 1996. When Work Disappears. New York: Knopf.Google Scholar
Wolff, K. 1960. Durkheim, Emile et al., Writings on Sociology and Philosophy.New York: Harper and Row.Google Scholar
Wolfgang, Marvin 1958. Patterns in Criminal Homicide. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolfgang, Marvin E., and Ferracuti, Franco 1967. The Subculture of Violence. London: Tavistock Press.Google Scholar
Wright, Richard T., and Decker, Scott H. 1997. Armed Robbers in Action. Boston: Northeastern University Press.Google Scholar
Wright, Richard T., and Decker, Scott H. 1994. Burglars on the Job. Boston: Northeastern University Press.Google Scholar
Wright, Richard, and Stein, Michael 1996. “Seeing Ourselves: Exploring the Social Production of Criminological Knowledge in a Qualitative Methods Course.” Journal of Criminal Justice Education 7:66–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zimring, Franklin E., and Hawkins, Gordon J. 1973. Deterrence: The Legal Threat in Crime Control. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Works Cited
  • Bruce A. Jacobs, University of Texas, Dallas, Richard Wright, University of Missouri, St Louis
  • Book: Street Justice
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511816055.008
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Works Cited
  • Bruce A. Jacobs, University of Texas, Dallas, Richard Wright, University of Missouri, St Louis
  • Book: Street Justice
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511816055.008
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Works Cited
  • Bruce A. Jacobs, University of Texas, Dallas, Richard Wright, University of Missouri, St Louis
  • Book: Street Justice
  • Online publication: 05 June 2012
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511816055.008
Available formats
×