Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 January 2022
Fatigue cracking damage is a primary reason why aging structures require expensive repair work. In this context, fatigue limit states (FLS) are equally relevant among the four types of limit states (described in Section 5.1). FLS describe conditions in which a particular structural member or an entire structure fails to perform its designated function because of the initiation and growth of cracking damage (Paik 2018, 2020). FLS are associated with structural details that are vulnerable to stress concentration and crack damage accumulation under repeated loading. Cracks also form as a result of defects that are generated during the fabrication of a structure, and may remain undetected and increase in size. Under further cyclic loading or monotonic extreme loading, such cracks and defects grow with time, as shown in Figure 6.1. Large cracks may lead to the progressive or catastrophic failure of a structure in association with ultimate limit states (described in Chapter 7), and thus FLS design and engineering, coupled with close-up survey and maintenance strategies, is needed to obtain crack-tolerant structures.
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