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31 - Acute Mesenteric Ischemia

from Section 6 - Gastrointestinal Emergencies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 November 2023

By
Jeffrey N. Siegelman  and
Sothivin Lanh
Edited by
Kaushal Shah  and
Jarone Lee
Edited in association with
Clark G. Owyang  and
Benjamin Christian Renne
Kaushal Shah
Affiliation:
Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York
Jarone Lee
Affiliation:
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
Clark G. Owyang
Affiliation:
Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York
Benjamin Christian Renne
Affiliation:
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
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Summary

Mesenteric ischemia is a generic term referring to hypoperfusion of the intestines. It can be either acute or chronic and is caused by several different etiologies. It is a rare but life-threatening vascular emergency, occurring with increasing frequency (0.1% of all hospital admissions) and with mortality rates between 60% and 80%. It affects primarily those older than 50 years with systemic and cardiovascular disease. The acute form is more common and results in rapid intestinal ischemia, infarction/necrosis, sepsis and death. Splanchnic vascular insufficiency in chronic ischemia can also threaten bowel viability.

Keywords

mesenteric ischemiasurgical emergencysurgical consultabdominal painmesenteric arterial embolismmesenteric arterial thrombosismesenteric venous thrombosispneumatosis intestinalis
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Information
Practical Emergency Resuscitation and Critical Care , pp. 293 - 301
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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