4 - Who Are the Punteros and What Do They Do?

Summary

Chapter 4 delves into the role of political brokers, referred to as punteros or referentes in Argentina, who are central figures in local political dynamics. The chapter is based on ethnographic research and provides a detailed description of these political actors, highlighting their skills and the resources that enable them to gain influence in their neighborhoods. Brokers function as key operatives for political parties, performing essential tasks throughout the year, not just during election periods. Their roles include the distribution of public goods and services, as well as the implementation of state programs in underprivileged areas. During election campaigns and on election day, brokers are not only engaged in clientelistic activities but also participate in traditional campaign efforts like canvassing and overseeing polling stations. The chapter shows that brokers, not parties, hold the resources and skills to connect with the poor. It underscores the pivotal role that brokers play in both the governance and electoral strategies of political parties, making them indispensable actors in the local political landscape.