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An introduction to structural methods in permutation patterns

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 October 2010

By
Michael Albert
Edited by
Steve Linton ,
Nik Ruškuc  and
Vincent Vatter
Michael Albert
Affiliation:
Department of Computer Science University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
Steve Linton
Affiliation:
University of St Andrews, Scotland
Nik Ruškuc
Affiliation:
University of St Andrews, Scotland
Vincent Vatter
Affiliation:
Dartmouth College, New Hampshire
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Summary

Abstract

Structural methods as applied to the study of classical permutation pattern avoidance are introduced and described. These methods allow for more detailed study of pattern classes, answering questions beyond basic enumeration. Additionally, they frequently can be applied wholesale, producing results valid for a wide collection of pattern classes, rather than simply ad hoc application to individual classes.

Introduction

In the study of permutation patterns, the important aspects of permutations of [n] = {1, 2, …, n} are considered to be the relative order of both the argument and the value. Specifically, we study a partial order, denoted ≼ and called involvement, on the set of such permutations where π ∈ Sk is involved in σ ∈ Sn, i.e. π ≼ σ if, for some increasing function f : [k] → [n] and all 1 ≤ i < j ≤ k, σ(i) < σ(j) if and only if π(f(i)) < π(f(j)). This dry and uninformative definition is necessary to get us started, but the reader should certainly be aware that another definition of involvement is that some of the points in the graph of π can be erased so that what remains is the graph of σ (possibly with a non-uniform scale on both axes) – in other words the pattern of σ (its graph) occurs as part of the pattern of π.

Type
Chapter
Information
Permutation Patterns , pp. 153 - 170
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

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