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Chapter 14 - Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Related Precursor Neoplasms

from Section IV - Neoplastic Disorders of Bone Marrow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2024

By
Xiayuan Liang ,
Billie Carstens  and
Virginia Knez
Edited by
Xiayuan Liang ,
Bradford Siegele  and
Jennifer Picarsic
Xiayuan Liang
Affiliation:
Children’s Hospital of Colorado
Bradford Siegele
Affiliation:
Children’s Hospital of Colorado
Jennifer Picarsic
Affiliation:
Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medicine Center
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Summary

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogenous group of diseases representing a clonal expansion of immature, non-lymphoid, bone marrow–derived cells that involve the bone marrow and blood and may also be present in other tissues [1,2]. In the pediatric population, AML is less common than lymphoblastic leukemia, accounting for approximately 18% of childhood leukemia diagnoses [3]. Although the cause of AML in many cases is unknown [1], as molecular genetics has been evolving over the last couple of decades, new molecular technology has enhanced our knowledge of the underlying genetic defects and gene mutations associated with the development of AML. It has been demonstrated that AML occurs more commonly in children with pre-existing genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome (DS) or Fanconi anemia, and familial cases of AML are now recognized [1]. A subset arises from pre-existing myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or after therapy for another neoplasm.

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Chapter
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Pediatric Pathology of Hematopoietic and Histiocytic Disorders , pp. 155 - 188
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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