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Chapter One - What Is Sleep?

The Evolutionary Background

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2023

Patrick McNamara
Affiliation:
Boston University School of Medicine
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Summary

Sleep is a need, just like food, water, or oxygen. If we don’t get enough of it, we die. But right off the bat, we need to qualify this claim a bit. There are at least two forms of sleep documented in human beings: NREM (non–rapid eye movement) and REM sleep. While it is clear that we will, in fact, die without NREM, the case of REM is more complicated. Since this book is also an introduction to the science of dreams, it is worth digging into REM biology right at the start as well, as it is the form of sleep wherein we most often experience vivid dreams. Without REM, it seems, we will likely crumble mentally, but we may not die.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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References

Further Reading

Lyamin, O. I., Manger, P. R., Ridgeway, S. H., Mukhametov, L. M., & Siegel, J. M. (2008). Cetacean sleep: An unusual form of mammalian sleep. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 32, 14511484.Google Scholar
McLay, L., Jamieson, H. A., France, K. G., & Schluter, P. J. (2021). Loneliness and social isolation is associated with sleep problems among older community dwelling women and men with complex needs. Science Reports, 11(1), 4877. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83778-w.Google Scholar
Rattenborg, N. C., Amlaner, C. J., & Lima, S. L. (2000). Behavioral, neurophysiological and evolutionary perspectives on unihemispheric sleep. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 24, 817842.Google Scholar
Rattenborg, N. C., Martinez-Gonzalez, D., & Lesku, J. A. (2009). Avian sleep homeostasis: Convergent evolution of complex brains, cognition and sleep functions in mammals and birds. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 33, 253270.Google Scholar
Siegel, J. M. (2005). Clues to the functions of mammalian sleep. Nature, 437, 12641271.Google Scholar
Siegel, J. M. (2008). Do all animals sleep? Trends in Neuroscience, 31( 4), 208213.Google Scholar

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  • What Is Sleep?
  • Patrick McNamara, Boston University School of Medicine
  • Book: The Neuroscience of Sleep and Dreams
  • Online publication: 06 April 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009208840.002
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  • What Is Sleep?
  • Patrick McNamara, Boston University School of Medicine
  • Book: The Neuroscience of Sleep and Dreams
  • Online publication: 06 April 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009208840.002
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • What Is Sleep?
  • Patrick McNamara, Boston University School of Medicine
  • Book: The Neuroscience of Sleep and Dreams
  • Online publication: 06 April 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009208840.002
Available formats
×