Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T03:50:18.888Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

3 - A Road Map for Integrating Religiosity to Acculturation Research

from Part 1 - Acculturation and Identity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 January 2021

By
Derya Güngör  and
Karen Phalet
Edited by
Michael Bender  and
Byron G. Adams
Michael Bender
Affiliation:
Universiteit van Tilburg, The Netherlands
Byron G. Adams
Affiliation:
Universiteit van Tilburg, The Netherlands
Get access

Summary

Despite growing public and academic interest in the role of religion in immigrants’ lives, research focusing on a religious dimension of acculturation is still scarce. This chapter proposes an integrative acculturation framework (cf. Arends-Toth & van de Vijver, 2006) as a heuristic for conceptualizing and assessing a distinct religious dimension of acculturation conditions, orientations, and outcomes. We focus on Muslim immigrant minorities in Europe as illustrative cases and review exemplary empirical studies on (1) the processes related to religious transmission in immigrant families and communities as a critical religious acculturation condition, (2) the role of high religiosity in maintaining a distinct heritage culture and adopting the mainstream culture as acculturation orientations, and (3) the conditions under which religiosity serves as a cultural boundary maker in an intercultural context. To conclude, we encourage researchers to integrate religiosity assessment as standard practice in acculturation research.

Keywords

religious acculturationacculturationacculturation orientationsimmigrantsMuslim immigrantsimmigrant familiesintercultural relations
Type
Chapter
Information
Methods and Assessment in Culture and Psychology , pp. 41 - 61
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abu-Rayya, H. M., & Abu-Rayya, M. H. (2009). Acculturation, religious identity, and psychological well-being among Palestinians in Israel. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 33, 325–331.Google Scholar
Amer, M. M., & Hovey, J. D. (2007). Socio-demographic differences in acculturation and mental health for a sample of 2nd generation/early immigrant Arab Americans. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 9, 335–347.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arends-Tóth, J., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2003). Multiculturalism and acculturation: Views of Dutch and Turkish-Dutch. European Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 249–266.Google Scholar
Arends-Tóth, J. V., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2006). Assessment of psychological acculturation: Choices in designing an instrument. In Sam, D. L. & Berry, J. W. (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Acculturation Psychology (pp. 142–160). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrett, J. B., Pearson, J., Muller, C., & Frank, K. A. (2007). Adolescent religiosity and school contexts. Social Science Quarterly, 88, 1024–1037.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bender, M., & Yeresyan, I. (2014). The importance of religiosity and cultural maintenance for self-esteem: The case of second-generation Turkish–Dutch adolescents. In Dimitrova, R., Bender, M., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (eds.), Global Perspectives on Well-Being in Immigrant Families (pp. 115–133). New York: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berry, J. W., & Sabatier, C. (2011). Variations in the assessment of acculturation attitudes: Their relationships with psychological wellbeing. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35, 658–669.Google Scholar
Bonne, K., Vermeir, I., & Verbeke, W. (2008). Impact of religion on halal meat consumption decision making in Belgium. Journal of International Food & Agribusiness Marketing, 21, 5–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bornstein, M. H. (2017). The specificity principle in acculturation science. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12, 3–45.Google Scholar
Bourhis, R. Y., Moise, L. C., Perreault, S., & Senecal, S. (1997). Towards an interactive acculturation model: A social psychological approach. International Journal of Psychology, 32, 369–386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casanova, J. (2003). Beyond European and American exceptionalisms: Towards a global perspective. In Davie, G., Heelas, P., & Woodhead, L. (eds.), Predicting Religion: Christian, Secular and Alternative Futures (pp. 17–29). Aldershot: Ashgate.Google Scholar
Celenk, O., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2014). Assessment of acculturation and multiculturalism: An overview of measures in the public domain. In Benet-Martínez, V. & Hong, Y. (eds.), Oxford Handbook of Multicultural Identity: Basic and Applied Psychological Perspectives (pp. 205–226). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cohen, A. B. (2009). Many forms of culture. American Psychologist, 64(3), 194–204.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Hoon, S., & Van Tubergen, F. (2014). The religiosity of children of immigrants and natives in England, Germany, and the Netherlands: The role of parents and peers in class. European Sociological Review, 30, 194–206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Valk, H. A., & Liefbroer, A. C. (2007). Parental influence on union formation preferences among Turkish, Moroccan, and Dutch adolescents in the Netherlands. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 38, 487–505.Google Scholar
Dezutter, J., Soenens, B., & Hutsebaut, D. (2006). Religiosity and mental health: A further exploration of the relative importance of religious behaviors vs. religious attitudes. Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 807–818.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dimitrova, R., & Aydinli-Karakulak, A. (2016). Acculturation orientations mediate the link between religious identity and adjustment of Turkish-Bulgarian and Turkish-German adolescents. SpringerPlus, 5, 1024.Google Scholar
Ebaugh, H. R., & Chafetz, J. S. (2000). Religion and the New Immigrants. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira.Google Scholar
Etengoff, C., & Daiute, C. (2013). Sunni-Muslim American religious development during emerging adulthood. Journal of Adolescent Research, 28, 690–714.Google Scholar
Fleischmann, F., & Phalet, K. (2012). Integration and religiosity among the Turkish second generation in Europe: A comparative analysis across four capital cities. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 35, 320–341.Google Scholar
Fleischmann, F., & Phalet, K. (2016). Identity conflict or compatibility: A comparison of Muslim minorities in five European cities. Political Psychology, 37, 447–463.Google Scholar
Fleischmann, F., Phalet, K., & Klein, O. (2011). Religious identification and politicization in the face of discrimination: Support for political Islam and political action among the Turkish and Moroccan second generation in Europe. British Journal of Social Psychology, 50, 628–648.Google Scholar
Foner, N., & Alba, R. (2008). Immigrant religion in the U.S. and Western Europe: Bridge or barrier to inclusion? International Migration Review, 42, 360–392.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedman, M., & Saroglou, V. (2010). Religiosity, psychological acculturation to the host culture, self-esteem and depressive symptoms among stigmatized and nonstigmatized religious immigrant groups in Western Europe. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 32, 185–195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gattino, S., Miglietta, A., Rizzo, M., & Testa, S. (2016). Muslim acculturation in a Catholic country: Its associations with religious identity, beliefs, and practices. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 47, 1194–1200.Google Scholar
Gebauer, J. E., Sedikides, C., & Neberich, W. (2012). Religiosity, social self-esteem, and psychological adjustment. Psychological Science, 23, 158–160.Google Scholar
Giuliani, C., Olivari, M., & Alfieri, S. (2017). Being a “good” son and a “good” daughter: Voices of Muslim immigrant adolescents. Social Sciences, 6, 142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gorski, P. S., & Altınordu, A. (2008). After secularization? Annual Review of Sociology, 34, 55–85.Google Scholar
Güngör, D., Bornstein, M. H., & Phalet, K. (2012). Religiosity, values, and acculturation: A study of Turkish, Turkish-Belgian, and Belgian adolescents. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 36, 367–373.Google Scholar
Güngör, D., Fleischmann, F., & Phalet, K. (2011). Religious identification, beliefs, and practices among Turkish Belgian and Moroccan Belgian Muslims: Intergenerational continuity and acculturative change. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42, 1356–1374.Google Scholar
Güngör, D., Fleischmann, F., Phalet, K., & Maliepaard, M. (2013). Contextualizing religious acculturation cross-cultural perspectives on Muslim minorities in Western Europe. European Psychologist, 18, 203–214.Google Scholar
Hakim, N. H., Molina, L. E., & Branscombe, N. R. (2018). How discrimination shapes social identification processes and well-being among Arab Americans. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 9, 328–337.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hammermeister, J., Flint, M., Havens, J., & Peterson, M. (2001). Psychosocial and health-related characteristics of religious well-being. Psychological Reports, 89, 589–594.Google Scholar
Holtz, P., Dahinden, J., & Wagner, W. (2013). German Muslims and the “integration debate”: Negotiating identities in the face of discrimination. Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science, 47, 231–248.Google Scholar
Jacob, K., & Kalter, F. (2013). Intergenerational change in religious salience among immigrant families in four European countries. International Migration, 51, 38–56.Google Scholar
Lopez, A. B., Huynh, V. W., & Fuligni, A. J. (2011). A longitudinal study of religious identity and participation during adolescence. Child Development, 82, 1297–1309.Google Scholar
Lyons-Padilla, S., Gelfand, M. J., Mirahmadi, H., Farooq, M., & van Egmond, M. (2015). Belonging nowhere: Marginalization & radicalization risk among Muslim immigrants. Behavioral Science & Policy, 1, 1–12.Google Scholar
Maliepaard, M., Gijsberts, M., & Phalet, K. (2015). Islamic gatherings: Experiences of discrimination and religious affirmation across established and new immigrant communities. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 38, 2635–2651.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maliepaard, M., & Lubbers, M. (2013). Parental religious transmission after migration: The case of Dutch Muslims. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 39, 425–442.Google Scholar
Maliepaard, M., Lubbers, M., & Gijsberts, M. (2010). Ethnic and racial studies generational differences in ethnic and religious attachment and their interrelation: A study among Muslim minorities in the Netherlands. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 33, 451–472.Google Scholar
Maliepaard, M., & Phalet, K. (2012). Social integration and religious identity expression among Dutch Muslims: The role of minority and majority group contact. Social Psychology Quarterly, 75, 131–148.Google Scholar
Maliepaard, M., & Verkuyten, M. (2018). National disidentification and minority identity: A study among Muslims in Western Europe. Self and Identity, 17, 75–91.Google Scholar
Mancini, T., & Bottura, B. (2014). Acculturation processes and intercultural relations in peripheral and central domains among native Italian and migrant adolescents. An application of the Relative Acculturation Extended Model (RAEM). International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 40, 49–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martinovic, B., & Verkuyten, M. (2012). Host national and religious identification among Turkish Muslims in Western Europe: The role of ingroup norms, perceived discrimination and value incompatibility. European Journal of Social Psychology, 42, 893–903.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Modood, T., & Ahmad, F. (2007). British Muslim perspectives on multiculturalism. Theory, Culture and Society, 24, 187–213.Google Scholar
Nguyen, A. D., & Benet-Martínez, V. (2007). Biculturalism unpacked: Components, measurement, individual differences, and outcomes. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 1, 101–114.Google Scholar
Phalet, K., Fleischmann, F., & Hillekens, J.P.M. (2018). Religious identity and acculturation of immigrant minority youth: Towards a contextual and developmental approach. European Psychologist, 23, 32–43.Google Scholar
Phalet, K., Fleischmann, F., & Stojčić, S. (2012). Ways of “being Muslim”: Religious identities of second-generation Turks. In Crul, M., Schneider, J., & Lelie, F. (eds.), The European Second Generation Compared: Does the Integration Context Matter? Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.Google Scholar
Phalet, K., & Güngör, D. (2004). Moslim in Nederland: Religieuze dimensies, etnische relaties en burgerschap: Turken en Marokkanen in Rotterdam [Muslim in the Netherlands: Religious Dimensions, Ethnic Relations and Citizenship: Turks and Moroccans]. The Hague: Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau.Google Scholar
Phalet, K., & Schönpflug, U. (2001). Intergenerational transmission of collectivism and achievement values in two acculturation contexts: The case of Turkish families in Germany and Turkish and Moroccan families in the Netherlands. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32, 186–201.Google Scholar
Pinquart, M., & Silbereisen, R. K. (2004). Transmission of values from adolescents to their parents: The role of value content and authoritative parenting. Adolescence, 39, 83–100.Google Scholar
Platt, L. (2014). Is there assimilation in minority groups’ national, ethnic and religious identity? Ethnic and Racial Studies, 37, 46–70.Google Scholar
Regnerus, M. D., Smith, C., & Smith, B. (2004). Religion and positive youth development: Identity, meaning, and prosocial concerns. Applied Developmental Science, 8, 27–38.Google Scholar
Robinson, L. (2009). Cultural identity and acculturation preferences among South Asian adolescents in Britain: An exploratory study. Children and Society, 23, 442–454.Google Scholar
Röder, A. (2014). Explaining religious differences in immigrants’ gender role attitudes: The changing impact of origin country and individual religiosity. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 37, 2615–2635.Google Scholar
Sam, D. L., & Berry, J. W. (2010). Acculturation: When individuals and groups of different cultural backgrounds meet. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5, 472–481.Google Scholar
Saroglou, V. (2011). Believing, bonding, behaving, and belonging. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42, 1320–1340.Google Scholar
Saroglou, V., & Galand, P. (2004). Identities, values, and religion: A study among Muslim, other immigrant, and native Belgian young adults after the 9/11 attacks. Identity, 4, 97–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schachner, M. K., van de Vijver, F. J. R., & Noack, P. (2017). Contextual conditions for acculturation and adjustment of adolescent immigrants – Integrating theory and findings. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 8.Google Scholar
Schönpflug, U. (2001). Intergenerational transmission of values: The role of transmission belts. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32, 174–185.Google Scholar
Schwartz, S. J., Walsh, S. D., Ward, C., Tartakovsky, E., Weisskirch, R. S., Vedder, P., Makarova, E., Bardi, A., Birman, D., Oppedal, B., Benish-Weisman, M., Lorenzo-Blanco, E. I., Güngör, D., Stevens, G. W. J. M., Benet-Martínez, V., Titzmann, P. F., Silbereisen, R. K., & Geeraert, N. (2020). The role of psychologists in international migration research: Complementing other expertise and an interdisciplinary way forward. Migration Studies, 1–18.Google Scholar
Sirin, S. R., Bikmen, N., Mir, M., Fine, M., Zaal, M., & Katsiaficas, D. (2008). Exploring dual identification among Muslim-American emerging adults: A mixed-methods study. Journal of Adolescence, 31, 259–279.Google Scholar
Snauwaert, B., Soenens, B., Vanbeselaere, N., & Boen, F. (2003). When integration does not necessarily imply integration: Different conceptualizations of acculturation orientations lead to different classifications. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 34, 231–239.Google Scholar
Spiegler, O., Güngör, D., & Leyendecker, B. (2016). Muslim immigrant parents’ social status moderates the link between religious parenting and children’s identification with the heritage and host culture. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 47, 1159–1177.Google Scholar
Tseung-Wong, C. N., & Verkuyten, M. (2013). Religious and national group identification in adolescence: A study among three religious groups in Mauritius. International Journal of Psychology, 48, 846–857.Google Scholar
van de Vijver, F. J. R., & Phalet, K. (2004). Assessment in multicultural groups: The role of acculturation. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 53, 215–236.Google Scholar
Van Tubergen, F., & Sindradóttir, J. Í. (2011). The religiosity of immigrants in Europe: A cross-national study. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 50, 272–288.Google Scholar
Verkuyten, M., Thijs, J., & Stevens, G. (2012). Multiple identities and religious transmission: A study among Moroccan-Dutch Muslim adolescents and their parents. Child Development, 83, 1577–1590.Google Scholar
Verkuyten, M., & Yildiz, A. A. (2007). National (dis)identification and ethnic and religious identity: A study among Turkish-Dutch Muslims. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 33, 1448–1462.Google Scholar
Voas, D., & Crockett, A. (2005). Religion in Britain: Neither believing nor belonging. Sociology, 39, 11–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ward, C. (2013). Probing identity, integration and adaptation: Big questions, little answers. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 37, 391–404.Google Scholar
Zagefka, H., & Brown, R. (2002). The relationship between acculturation strategies, relative fit and intergroup relations: Immigrant‐majority relations in Germany. European Journal of Social Psychology, 32, 171–188.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×