Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T14:33:12.668Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 2 - Patient Care at Mass Gathering Events: Basic, Advanced, and Critical Care

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 April 2024

William J. Brady
Affiliation:
University of Virginia
Mark R. Sochor
Affiliation:
University of Virginia
Paul E. Pepe
Affiliation:
Metropolitan EMS Medical Directors Global Alliance, Florida
John C. Maino II
Affiliation:
Michigan International Speedway, Brooklyn
K. Sophia Dyer
Affiliation:
Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Massachusetts
Get access

Summary

Healthcare providers at mass gathering events may deliver basic, intermediate, or critical care interventions in accordance with their scope of practice. Early identification of the goals of mass gathering medical care allows stakeholders to address risk assessments and develop medical plans to appropriately employ community healthcare resources. The Event Medical Director plays a pivotal role in pre-event planning, event medical care delivery, and post-event analyses for continuous quality improvement.

Type
Chapter
Information
Mass Gathering Medicine
A Guide to the Medical Management of Large Events
, pp. 6 - 20
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Yancey, A., Milsten, A., Luk, J., Nafziger, S. National Association of EMS Physicians. NAEMSP. https://naemsp.org/resources/store/. Published 2017. Accessed January 4, 2022.Google Scholar
Schwartz, B., Nafziger, S., Milsten, A., Luk, J., Yancey, II, Arthur. Mass Gathering Medical Care: Resource Document for the National Association of EMS Physicians Position Statement. Prehospital Emergency Care. 2015;19(4):559568. doi: 10.3109/10903127.2015.1051680Google Scholar
Margolis, A. M., Leung, A. K., Friedman, M. S., McMullen, S. P., Guyette, F. X., Woltman, N. Position Statement: Mass Gathering Medical Care. Prehospital Emergency Care. 2021:15. doi:10.1080/10903127.2021.1903632CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zeitz, K. M., Zeitz, C. J., Arbon, P. Forecasting Medical Work at Mass-Gathering Events: Predictive Model Versus Retrospective Review. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 2005;20(3):164168. doi:10.1017/s1049023x00002399CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arbon, P. Mass-Gathering Medicine: A Review of the Evidence and Future Directions for Research. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 2007;22(2):131135. doi:10.1017/s1049023x00004507CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koski, A., Kouvonen, A., Sumanen, H. Preparedness for Mass Gatherings: Factors to Consider According to the Rescue Authorities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(4):1361. doi:10.3390/ijerph17041361CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arbon, P., Bridgewater, F. H. G., Smith, C. Mass Gathering Medicine: A Predictive Model for Patient Presentation and Transport Rates. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 2001;16(3):150158. doi:10.1017/s1049023x00025905CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Public health for mass gatherings: Key considerations. World Health Organization. www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/public-health-for-mass-gatherings-key-considerations. Accessed November 5, 2021.Google Scholar
Scholliers, A., Gogaert, S., Vande Veegaete, A., Gillebeert, J., Vandekerckhove, P. The Most Prevalent Injuries at Different Types of Mass Gathering Events: An Analysis of More Than 150,000 Patient Encounters. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 2017;32(S1). doi:10.1017/s1049023x17003788CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldberg, S. A., Maggin, J., Molloy, M. S. et al. The Gillette Stadium Experience: A Retrospective Review of Mass Gathering Events from 2010 to 2015. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12(6):752758. doi:10.1017/dmp.2018.7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Milsten, A. M., Maguire, B. J., Bissell, R. A., Seaman, K. G. Mass-Gathering Medical Care: A Review of the Literature. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 2002;17(3):151162. doi:10.1017/s1049023x00000388CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mass Gatherings: Are You Prepared? Northwest Center for Public Health Preparedness. www.nwcphp.org/docs/mass_gatherings/mass_gathering_print_version.pdf. Accessed November 6, 2021.Google Scholar
Auerbach, P. S., Cushing, T. A., Harris, N. S., Townes, D., Waite, B. Wilderness and Endurance Events. In Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine. New York: Elsevier; 2017, pp. 2209–2218.Google Scholar
Federal Emergency Management Agency. (n.d.). Incident Command System Form 206: Medical Plan. Retrieved December 30, 2021, from https://emilms.fema.gov/IS201/assets/ICS%20Forms%20206.pdfGoogle Scholar
McQueen, C., Davies, C. Health Care in a Unique Setting: Applying Emergency Medicine at Music Festivals. Open Access Emergency Medicine. 2012:69. doi:10.2147/oaem.s25587Google Scholar
Smith, S. P., Cosgrove, J. F., Driscoll, P. J. et al. A Practical Approach to Events Medicine Provision. Emergency Medicine Journal. 2016;34(8):538542. doi:10.1136/emermed-2016-205805CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sanders, A. B., Criss, E., Steckl, P., Meislin, H. W., Raife, J., Allen, D. An Analysis of Medical Care at Mass Gatherings. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 1985;14(8):827. doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(85)80078-0CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grange, J. T., Baumann, G. W., Vaezazizi, R. On-Site Physicians Reduce Ambulance Transports at Mass Gatherings. Prehospital Emergency Care. 2003;7(3):322326. doi:10.1080/10903120390936518CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hiltunen, T., Kuisma, M., Määttä, T. et al. Prehospital Emergency Care and Medical Preparedness for the 2005 World Championship Games in Athletics in Helsinki. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 2007;22(4):304311. doi:10.1017/s1049023x0000491xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parrillo, S. J. Medical Care at Mass Gatherings: Considerations for Physician Involvement. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 1995;10(4):273275. doi:10.1017/s1049023x00042163CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boyle, M. F., De Lorenzo, R. A., Garrison, R. Physician Integration into Mass Gathering Medical Care: The United States Air Show. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 1993;8(2):165168. doi:10.1017/s1049023x00040255CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McDonald, C. C., Koenigsberg, M. D., Ward, S. Medical Control of Mass Gatherings: Can Paramedics Perform Without Physicians On-Site? Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 1993;8(4):327331. doi:10.1017/s1049023x00040590CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Feldman, M. J., Lukins, J. L., Verbeek, P. R., Burgess, R. J., Schwartz, B. Use of Treat-and-Release Medical Directives for Paramedics at a Mass Gathering. Prehospital Emergency Care. 2005;9(2):213217. doi:10.1080/10903120590924843CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartman, N., Williamson, A., Sojka, B. et al. Predicting Resource Use at Mass Gatherings Using a Simplified Stratification Scoring Model. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2009;27(3):337343. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2008.03.042CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spaite, D. W., Criss, E. A., Valenzuela, T. D., Meislin, H. W., Smith, R., Nelson, A. A New Model for Providing Prehospital Medical Care in Large Stadiums. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 1998;17(8):825828. doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(88)80563-8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kemp, A. E. (2016). Mass-Gathering Events: The Role of Advanced Nurse Practitioners in Reducing Referrals to Local Health Care Agencies. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 2016;31(1):5863. doi:10.1017/s1049023x15005543CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thompson, J. M., Savoia, G., Powell, G., Challis, E. B., Law, P. Level of Medical Care Required for Mass Gatherings: The XV Winter Olympic Games in Calgary, Canada. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 1991;20(4):385390. doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(05)81660-9CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Calabro, J., Kromer, J., Rivera-Rivera, E., Reich, J., Balacombe, J. Provision of Emergency Medical Care for Crowds. www.acep.org/globalassets/uploads/uploaded-files/acep/clinical-and-practice-management/ems-and-disaster-preparedness/ems-resources/emscrowd.pdf. Accessed November 6, 2021.Google Scholar
National Association of State EMS Officials. National EMS Scope of Practice Model 2019 (Report No. DOT HS 812–666). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety; 2019.Google Scholar
Cianca, J. Mass Participation Endurance Event Coverage. In Clinical Care of the Runner. New York: Elsevier Inc; 2020; 2954.Google Scholar
Jaslow, D., Yancy, A., Milsten, M. Mass Gathering Medical Care. Prehospital Emergency Care. 2000;4(4):359360, doi:10.1080/10903120090941119CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
www.ibscertifications.org/. Accessed February 13, 2022.Google Scholar
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Special Events Contingency Planning Job Aids Manual. March 2005 (Updated May 2010) 2501905270500Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×