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6 - Mirrors and matchings: imitation from the perspective of mirror-self-recognition, and the parietal region's involvement in both

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 December 2009

By
Robert W. Mitchell
Edited by
Chrystopher L. Nehaniv  and
Kerstin Dautenhahn
Robert W. Mitchell
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Eastern Kentucky University, USA
Chrystopher L. Nehaniv
Affiliation:
University of Hertfordshire
Kerstin Dautenhahn
Affiliation:
University of Hertfordshire
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Summary

Introduction

In the movie Duck Soup, the Marx Brothers Harpo and Groucho come upon each other, face to face. There would have been a mirror between them, but Harpo, in his attempt to avoid being seen by Groucho whom he had been impersonating, ran into it and broke it. The two men look alike; to avoid detection, Harpo imitates Groucho's movements to make it appear that Groucho is seeing himself in a mirror. Testing the “mirror” image, Groucho performs a series of bizarre actions that Harpo imitates simultaneously, thereby supporting the ridiculous conclusion that Groucho is indeed looking in a mirror. The sequence nicely illustrates the similarities between bodily imitation and mirror images. In both, actions of one entity closely mimic the actions of another, such that a resemblance is apparent. Consequently, it seems reasonable to expect that the same processes that allow someone to imitate another person's actions (or to recognize that one's actions are being imitated) might also be useful in determining that the image in the mirror is oneself.

Remarkably, the first explicit recognition of the similarity between bodily imitation and mirror-self-recognition was quite recent, in 1925 by French psychologist Paul Guillaume, in his book about the imitative development of his daughters. Guillaume (1926/1971, p. 152) argued “We must not hesitate to connect this exceptional mirror experiment [i.e., the child's infrequent interactions with mirrors] with the experience of normal imitation. Other adults and also other children in the society in which he lives are for the infant the natural mirror that reflects for him his own image when he proceeds to imitate.”

Type
Chapter
Information
Imitation and Social Learning in Robots, Humans and Animals
Behavioural, Social and Communicative Dimensions
 , pp. 103 - 130
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

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