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Chapter 8 - Energy End-Use: Industry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2012

Global Energy Assessment Writing Team
By
Rangan Banerjee ,
Yu Cong ,
Dolf Gielen ,
Gilberto Jannuzzi ,
François Maréchal ,
Aimee T. McKane ,
Marc A. Rosen ,
Denis van Es ,
Ernst Worrell  and
Robert Ayres
...Show all authors
Rangan Banerjee
Affiliation:
Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay
Yu Cong
Affiliation:
Energy Research Institute
Dolf Gielen
Affiliation:
United Nations Industrial Development Organization
Gilberto Jannuzzi
Affiliation:
University of Campinas
François Maréchal
Affiliation:
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne
Aimee T. McKane
Affiliation:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Marc A. Rosen
Affiliation:
University of Ontario Institute of Technology
Denis van Es
Affiliation:
Energy Research Centre
Ernst Worrell
Affiliation:
Utrecht University
Robert Ayres
Affiliation:
European Institute of Business Administration
Marina Olshanskaya
Affiliation:
United Nations Development Programme
Lynn Price
Affiliation:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Deǧer Saygin
Affiliation:
Utrecht University
Ashutosh Srivastava
Affiliation:
Indian Institute of Technology
Eberhard Jochem
Affiliation:
Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research
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Summary

Executive Summary

The industrial sector accounts for about 30% of the global final energy use and accounts for about 115 EJ of final energy use in 2005. Cement, iron and steel, chemicals, pulp and paper and aluminum are key energy intensive materials that account for more than half the global industrial use.

There is a shift in the primary materials production with developing countries accounting for the majority of the production capacity. China and India have high growth rates in the production of energy intensive materials like cement, fertilizers and steel (12–20%/yr). In different economies materials demand is seen to grow initially with income and then stabilize. For instance in industrialized countries consumption of steel seems to saturate at about 500 kg/ capita and 400–500 kg/capita for cement.

The aggregate energy intensities in the industrial sectors in different countries have shown steady declines – due to an improvement in energy efficiency and a change in the structure of the industrial output. As an example for the EU-27 the final energy use by industry has remained almost constant (13.4 EJ) at 1990 levels. Structural changes in the economies explain 30% of the reduction in energy intensity with the remaining due to energy efficiency improvements.

In different industrial sectors adopting the best achievable technology can result in a saving of 10–30% below the current average. An analysis of cost cutting measures for motors and steam systems in 2005 indicates energy savings potentials of 2.2 EJ for motors and 3.3 EJ for steam.

Type
Chapter
Information
Global Energy Assessment
Toward a Sustainable Future
 , pp. 513 - 574
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2012

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Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

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Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

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Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

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