Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 November 2009
In medias res
What do we understand by functional sentence perspective (FSP)? An analysis of the following four versions – French, English, German and Czech – of the first paragraph of the closing chapter of Victor Hugo's Les Misérables will help to answer this question. The concepts used by the analysis as well as others linked with them, and together with them forming a theory of FSP, will be the object of the present study.
(1) II y a, au cimetière du Père-Lachaise, aux environs de la fosse commune, loin du quartier élégant de cette ville des sépulchres, loin de tous ces tombeaux de fantaisie qui étalent en présence de l'éternité les hideuses modes de la mort, dans un angle désert, le long d'un vieux mur, sous un grand if auquel grimpent, parmi les chiendents et les mousses, les liserons, une pierre. (2) Cette pierre n'est plus exempte que les autres des lèpres du temps, de la moisissure, du lichen, et des fientes d'oiseaux. (3) L'eau la verdit, (4) l'air la noircit. (5) Elle n'est voisine d'aucun sentier, (6) et l'on n'aime pas aller de ce côté-là, parce que l'herbe est haute et qu'on a toute de suite les pieds mouillés. (7) Quand il y a un peu de soleil, les lézards y viennent. (8) II y a, tout autour, un frémissement de folles avoines. (9) Au printemps, les fauvettes chantent dans l'arbre (Victor Hugo, Les Misérables, Paris: Nelson, 1935).
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