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12 - Climatic variability in the tropics

from Part II - Hydrological processes in undisturbed forests

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 January 2010

By
G. Mahé ,
E. Servat  and
J. Maley
Edited by
M. Bonell  and
L. A. Bruijnzeel
G. Mahé
Affiliation:
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
E. Servat
Affiliation:
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
J. Maley
Affiliation:
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
M. Bonell
Affiliation:
UNESCO, Paris
L. A. Bruijnzeel
Affiliation:
Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam
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Summary

ANALYSIS OF THE HISTORY OF FORESTS AND ASSOCIATED CLIMATES

Previously, dense tropical forests were considered to be the most stable ecosystems on the planet, and their exceptional richness has often been associated specifically with their resistance to past climate changes. Because of recent advances in paleoecology, however, it has been shown that dense forests, such as those in Africa and in Amazonia, have in fact undergone profound changes in response to global climatic changes.

The history of dense forests and their dynamics can be reconstructed by the study of fossils such as pollens or – much rarer – wood or carbon, within specific disciplines such as palynology, paleo-botany or anthracology. Reconstitution of paleo-vegetation is one method, among others, of reconstructing the paleo-climates of past eras. Nevertheless, even though there has been much progress in studying the history of intertropical forests and their associated climates, several problems remain, linked mainly to the small amount of data available. This introduces subjectivity in describing the succession of paleo-environments.

Nearly all trees in dense tropical forests are angiosperms. It would be logical to begin the history of these forests at the time when angiosperms evolved, i.e. during the lower Cretaceous era through to the Barremian and the Aptian eras, around 120 million BP (Maley, 1996a). Up until then, gymnosperms were the dominant plant form but by the end of the Cretaceous, dense tropical forests had become made up almost entirely of angiosperms.

Type
Chapter
Information
Forests, Water and People in the Humid Tropics
Past, Present and Future Hydrological Research for Integrated Land and Water Management
 , pp. 267 - 286
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2005

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  • Climatic variability in the tropics
    • By G. Mahé, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France, E. Servat, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France, J. Maley, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
  • Edited by M. Bonell, L. A. Bruijnzeel, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam
  • Book: Forests, Water and People in the Humid Tropics
  • Online publication: 12 January 2010
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511535666.018
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  • Climatic variability in the tropics
    • By G. Mahé, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France, E. Servat, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France, J. Maley, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
  • Edited by M. Bonell, L. A. Bruijnzeel, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam
  • Book: Forests, Water and People in the Humid Tropics
  • Online publication: 12 January 2010
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511535666.018
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Climatic variability in the tropics
    • By G. Mahé, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France, E. Servat, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France, J. Maley, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
  • Edited by M. Bonell, L. A. Bruijnzeel, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam
  • Book: Forests, Water and People in the Humid Tropics
  • Online publication: 12 January 2010
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511535666.018
Available formats
×