Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T20:10:46.366Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

References

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 December 2009

Michael Clyne
Affiliation:
University of Melbourne
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Dynamics of Language Contact
English and Immigrant Languages
, pp. 248 - 272
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abandolo, Daniel Mario. 1988. Hungarian Inflectional Morphology. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
Adalar, Nevin and Tagliamonte, Sali. 1998. Borrowed nouns, bilingual people: the case of the ‘Londraolt’ in Northern Cyprus. International Journal of Bilingualism 2: 139–60CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Agar, Michael. 1994. Language Shock: Understanding the Culture of Conversation. New York: Wm. Morrow
Aikhenvald, Alexandra. 2000. Classifiers. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Aikhenvald, Alexandra. 2001. Language obsolescence: progress or decay? The emergence of new grammatical categories in ‘language death’. In D. and M. Bradley (eds.), Language Maintenance for Endangered Languages: an Active Approach. London: Routledge Curzon, pp. 14–55
Aikhenvald, Alexandra. 2002. Language Contact in Amazonia. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Aikhenvald, Alexandra. Forthcoming. Introduction. In R. M. W. Dixon and A. Aikhenvald (eds.), Evidentiality: A Cross-Linguistic Typology
Alfonzetti, Giovanna. 1998. The conversational dimension in code-switching between Italian and dialect in Sicily. In Auer (ed.), pp. 180–214
Allan, Keith. 1984. The component functions of the high rise terminal contour in Australian declarative sentences. Australian Journal of Linguistics 4: 19–32CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alvarez-Caccámo, Celso. 1998. From ‘switching code’ to ‘code-switching’: towards a reconceptualisation of communicative codes. In Auer (ed.), pp. 29–50
Ammerlaan, Tom. 1996. ‘You get a bit wobbly …’ Exploring Bilingual Lexical Retrieval Processes in the Context of First Language Attrition. Copyprint 2000, Enschede (PhD, Catholic University of Nijmegen)
Andersen, Roger. 1977. The impoverished state of cross-sectional morpheme acquisition/ accuracy methodology. Working Papers in Bilingualism 14: 47–82Google Scholar
Andersen, Roger. 1982. Pidginization and Creolization as Language Acquisition. Rowley, MA: Newbury House
Annamalai, E. 1989. The language factor in code-mixing. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 75: 47–54Google Scholar
Appel, René and Muysken, Pieter. 1987. Language Contact and Bilingualism. London: Edward Arnold
Aristar, Anthony. 1999. Typology and the Saussurean dichotomy. In Polomé and Justus (eds.), pp. 409–28
Aron, Albert W. 1930. The gender of English loanwords in colloquial American German. Language Monographs 7: 11–28Google Scholar
Auer, Peter. 1990. A discussion paper on code alternation. In European Science Foundation, Network on Code-Switching and Language Contact, Papers for the Workshop on Concepts, Methodology and Data, Basel, 12–13 January 1990, pp. 68–9Google Scholar
Auer, Peter (ed.). 1998. Code-switching in Conversation: Language, Interaction and Identity. London: Routledge
Avermaet, Piet and Klatter-Folmer, Jetske. 1998. The role of L2 self-assessment in language choice behaviour: Immigrant shift to Dutch in Flanders and the Netherlands. Te Reo 41: 137–52Google Scholar
Azuma, Tamiko and Bales, Kathryn A. 1998. Memory impairments underlying language difficulties in dementia. In R. B. Gillam (ed.), Memory and Language Impairment in Children and Adults: New Perspectives. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publishers, pp. 191–209
Bach, Emmon. 1962. The order of elements in a transformational grammar of German. Language 38: 263–9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bach, Emmon, Brown, Colin and Marslen-Wilson, William. 1986. Crossed and nested dependencies in German and DutchLanguage and Cognition Processes 1: 249–62CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Backus, Ad. 1996. Two in One: Bilingual Speech of Turkish Immigrants in the Netherlands. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press
Backus, Ad. 2000. Insertional code-switching in an immigrant language: ‘just’ borrowing or lexical reorientation?Bilingualism, Language and Cognition 3(2): 103–5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Backus, Ad. 2001. The evidence from Dutch-Turkish. In Jacobson (ed.), pp. 125–54
Bakker, Peter and Mous, Maarten (eds.). 1994. Mixed Languages: 15 Case Studies in Language Intertwining. Amsterdam: Institute for Functional Research into Language and Language Use (IFOTT)
Battison, Robin. 1978. Lexical Borrowing in American Sign Language. Silver Spring, MD: Linstock Press
Bavin, Edith and Shopen, Tim. 1985. Warlpiri and English: languages in contact. In Clyne (ed.), pp. 81–95
Bean, M. C. 1963. The Development of Word Order Patterns in Old English. London: Croom Helm
Belazi, Heidi M., Rubin, Edward J. and Toribio, Almeida J. 1994. Code-switching and X-bar theory: the functional head constraint. Linguistic Inquiry 25: 221–37Google Scholar
Beligan, Annemarie. 1999. Code-switching patterns in the speech of Romanian-English bilinguals. Monash University Linguistic Papers 2(1): 3–11Google Scholar
Benor, Sarah. 2000. Loanwords in the English of modern Orthodox Jews: Yiddish or Hebrew? In S. S. Change et al. (eds.) Proceedings of the Twenty-fifth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, 1999. Parasession on Loan Word Phenomena, pp. 287–98
Bentahila, Abdelali and Davies, Eileen. 1983. The syntax of Arabic-French code-switching. Lingua 59: 301–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berckel, J. A. T. M. van. 1962. Onderzoek woordfrequentie: resultaten, kranten. Rapport R 642, 2. Amsterdam: Mathematisch Centrum
Berend, Nina and Mattheier, Klaus J. (eds.). 1994. Sprachinselforschung. Eine Gedenkschrift für Hugo Jedig. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang
Bettoni, Camilla. 1981a. Italian in North Queensland. Townsville: James Cook University
Bettoni, Camilla. 1981b. Italian – maintenance or new language?Babel 17(2–3): 25–33Google Scholar
Bettoni, Camilla. 1985. Italian language attrition: a Sydney case study. In Clyne (ed.), pp. 63–79
Bettoni, Camilla. 1986. Italian language attrition in Sydney: the role of birth order. In C. Bettoni (ed.), Altro Polo: Italian Abroad. Sydney: Frederick May Foundation for Italian Studies, University of Sydney, pp. 61–85
Bettoni, Camilla. 1991. Other community languages. In M. Clyne (ed.), Linguistics in Australia: Trends in Research. Canberra: Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia, pp. 75–91
Bettoni, Camilla and Rubino, Antonia. 1996. Emigrazione e comportamento linguistico. Un'indagine sul trilinguismo dei siciliani e dei veneti in Australia. Np: Congedo Editore
Bickerton, Derek. 1981. Roots of Language. Ann Arbor: Karomi
Bierwisch, Manfred. 1963. Grammatik des deutschen Verbs (=Studia Grammatica II). Berlin: Akademie Verlag
Bierwisch, Manfred. 1966. Grammatik des deutschen Verbs. Berlin: Akademie Verlag
Bierwisch, Manfred and Schreuder, Robert. 1992. From concepts to lexical items. Cognition 42: 23–60CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birnbaum, Henrik. 1965. Balkanslavisch und Südslavisch: zur Reichweite der Balkanismen im südslavischen Sprachraum. Zeitschrift für Balkanologie 3: 12–63Google Scholar
Birnbaum, Henrik. 1966. On typology, affinity and Balkan linguistics. Zbornik za filologiju i lingvistiku 9: 17–30Google Scholar
Birnbaum, Henrik. 1999. On the relationship of typology and genealogy in language classification. In Polomé and Justus (eds.), vol. 2, pp. 397–408
Bisang, Walter. 1998. Grammaticalization and language contact construction and positions. In A. G. Ramat and P. Hopper (eds.), Limits of Grammaticalization. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Bleakley, Dell. 1966. Some grammatical aspects of the German of Hatton Vale. BA (Hons.) thesis, University of Queensland
Blum-Kulka, Shoshana, House, Juliane and Kasper, Gabriele. 1989. Investigating cross-cultural pragmatics: an introductory overview. In S. Blum-Kulka, J. House and G. Kasper (eds.), Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, pp. 1–34
Boeschoten, Hendrik. 1998. Codeswitching, codemixing and code alternation: what a difference. In Jakobson (ed.), pp. 15–25
Bokamba, Eyamba G. 1988. Code-mixing, language variation and linguistic theory. Lingua 76: 21–62CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bolonyai, Agnes. 1998. In-between languages: language shift/maintenance in childhood bilingualism. International Journal of Bilingualism 2(1): 21–44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bolonyai, Agnes. 2000. ‘Elective affinities’: language contact in the abstract lexicon and its structural consequences. International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 81–106CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boost, Karl. 1964. Neue Untersuchungen zum Wesen und zur Struktur des deutschen Satzes. Berlin: Akademie Verlag
Boumans, L. 2000. Periphrastic verb constructions in Moroccan Arabic/Dutch codeswitching. In A. Fenyvési and K. Sandor (eds.), Working Papers of the Bilingual Language Use Theme Group. Szeged, pp. 67–84
Bourdieu, P. 1982. The economics of linguistic exchanges. Social Science Information 16: 645–68CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourhis, Richard Y. 2001. Reversing language shift in Quebec. In Fishman (ed.) 2001a, pp. 101–41
Bourhis, Richard Y., Giles, Howard and Rosenthal, Doreen. 1981. Notes on the construction of a ‘subjective vitality questionnaire’ for ethnolinguistic groups. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 2: 145–55CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, Sally. 1997. Patterns of incorporation of lexemes in language contact: language typology or sociolinguistics? In G. Guy, C. Feagin, D. Schiffrin and J. Baugh (eds.), Towards a Social Science of Language, volume 2: Social Interaction and Discourse Structures. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 259–84
Boyd, Sally, Holmen, Anne and J⊘rgensen, J. Norman (eds.). 1994. Sprogbrug og sprogvalg blandt indvandrere i Norden. Copenhagen: Center for multikulturelle studier, Danmarks Lærerh⊘jskole
Broeder, Peter and Extra, Guus (eds.). 1999. Language, Ethnicity and Education. Case Studies on Immigrant Minority Groups and Immigrant Minority Languages. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Broeder, Peter, Extra, Guus, Habraken, Miranda, Hout, Roeland van and Keurentjes, Heleen. 1993. Taalgebruik als indicator van etniciteit. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press
Broersma, Mirjam. 2000. De triggertheorie voor codewisseling. De oorspronkelijke en enn aangepaste versie. MA thesis, Catholic University of Nijmegen
Brown, R. and Gilman, A. 1960. The pronouns of power and solidarity. In T. A. Sebeok (ed.), Style in Language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 253–76
Brown, Penelope and Levinson, Stephen. 1987. Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Budzhak-Jones, Svitlana. 1998. Against word-internal codeswitching: evidence from Ukrainian-English bilingualism. International Journal of Bilingualism 2: 161–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burridge, Kate. 1993. Syntactic Change in Germanic: Aspects of Language Change in Germanic with Particular Reference to Middle Dutch. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Campbell, Lyle and Muntzel, Martha C. 1989. The structural consequences of language death. In Dorian (ed.), pp. 181–96
Cavallaro, Francesco. 1997. Language Dynamics of the Italian Community in Australia. PhD thesis, Monash University
Cenoz, Jasone. 1999. Pauses and hesitation phenomena in sociolinguistic proof. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 127–8: 53–69Google Scholar
Cenoz, Jasone. 2001. The effect of linguistic distance, L2 status and age on cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition. In Cenoz, Hufeisen and Jessner (eds.), pp. 8–20
Cenoz, Jasone and Jessner, Ulrike (eds.). 2000. English in Europe: The Acquisition of a Third Language. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Cenoz, Jasone, Hufeisen, Britta and Jessner, Ulrike (eds.). 2001. Cross-Linguistic Influences in Trilingualism and Third Language Acquisition. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Chen, J. Y, Chen, T. M. and Dell, G. S. 2002. Word-form encoding in Mandarin Chinese. Journal of Memory and Language 46(4): 751–81CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chong-Woon, K. 1990. Code-switching in the Speech of Korean Migrants in Brisbane. PhD thesis, University of Queensland
Clissa, John Felix. 2001. The Fountain and the Squeezebox. West Perth: Picton Press
Clyne, Michael. 1967. Transference and Triggering. The Hague: Nijhoff
Clyne, Michael. 1968. Transference patterns among English-German bilinguals. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 2: 5–18CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1970a. Migrant English in Australia. In W. S. Ramson (ed.), English Transported. Canberra: A.N.U. Press, pp. 123–36
Clyne, Michael. 1970b. Bilingual speech phenomena (with special reference to German–English bilinguals in Victoria). Kivung 4: 99–111Google Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1970c. Some aspects of the bilingual language maintenance of Australian-born children of German-speaking parents. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 9: 35–47CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1972a. Perspectives on Language Contact. Melbourne: Hawthorn Press
Clyne, Michael. 1972b. Some (German–English) language contact phenomena at the discourse level. In E. S. Firchow, K. Grimstad and N. Hasselmo (eds.), Studies in Honor of Einar Haugen. The Hague: Mouton, pp. 132–44
Clyne, Michael. 1972c. Perception of code–switching by bilinguals: an experiment. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 16: 45–8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1975. Forschungsbericht Sprachkontakt. Kronberg: Scriptor
Clyne, Michael (ed.). 1976. Australia Talks. (=Pacific Linguistics, Series D, No. 23) Canberra: Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies
Clyne, Michael. 1977a. Nieuw Hollands or double Dutch. Dutch Studies 3: 1–20Google Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1977b. Bilingualism of the elderly. Talanya 4: 45–56Google Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1977c. Multilingualism and pidginization in Australian industry. Ethnic Studies 1: 40–55Google Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1980a. Typology and grammatical convergence among related languages in contact. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 49/50: 23–36CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1980b. Triggering and language processing. Canadian Journal of Psychology 34: 400–6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1981. ‘Second generation’ foreigner talk in Australia. In M. Clyne (ed.), Foreigner Talk (= International Journal of the Sociology of Language 28). The Hague: Mouton, pp. 69–80
Clyne, Michael. 1982. Multilingual Australia. Melbourne: River Seine (2nd edition, 1985)
Clyne, Michael (ed.). 1985. Australia, Meeting Place of Languages (=Pacific Linguistics C92). Canberra: Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies
Clyne, Michael. 1987. Constraints on code-switching – how universal are they?Linguistics 25: 739–64CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1991. Community Languages: The Australian Experience. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Clyne, Michael. 1992a. Introduction. In M. Clyne (ed.), Pluricentric Languages. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 1–8
Clyne, Michael. 1992b. Australian English in contact with other Englishes in Australia. In Rüdiger Ahrens and Heinz Antor (eds.), Text – Culture – Reception. Heidelberg: Winter, pp. 305–15
Clyne, Michael. 1993. Pragmatik, Textstruktur und kulturelle Werte. In Hartmut Schröder (ed.), Fachtextpragmatik. Tübingen: Narr, pp. 3–18
Clyne, Michael. 1994a. What can we learn from Sprachinseln? Some observations on ‘Australian German’. In K. Mattheier and N. Berend (eds.), Sprachinseln. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, pp. 105–22
Clyne, Michael. 1994b. Inter-Cultural Communication at Work. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Clyne, Michael. 1995. The German Language in a Changing Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Clyne, Michael. 1996. Sprache, Sprachbenutzer und Sprachbereich. In Goebl et al. (eds.), vol. 1(1), pp. 12–22
Clyne, Michael. 1997a. The speech of third generation German–English bilinguals in Australia. In W. Wölck and A. de Houwer (eds.), Recent Studies in Contact Linguistics. Bonn: Dümmler, pp. 36–43
Clyne, Michael. 1997b. Some of the things trilinguals do. International Journal of Bilingualism 1(2): 95–116CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1999. Australische Sprachgegenwart und österreichische Sprachgeschichte. Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede. In M. Pümpel-Mader and B. Schönherr (eds.), Sprache. Kultur. Geschichte. Sprachhistorische Studien zum Deuts chen. Innsbruck: Institut für Germanistik, pp. 395–408
Clyne, Michael. 2000. What is it that is special about trilinguals? In A. Grotans, H. Beck and A. Schwob (eds.), De consolatione philologicae. Göppingen: Kümmerle, pp. 585–96
Clyne, Michael. 2001. Can the shift from immigrant languages be reversed in Australia? In Fishman (2001a), pp. 364–390
Clyne, Michael. Forthcoming. Towards a more language-centered view of plurilingualism. In J.-M. Dewaele and Li Wei (eds.), Festschrift for Hugo Baetens-Beardsmore. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Clyne, Michael and Cain, Helen. 2000. Trilingualism in related languages – Dutch–German–English near and far. In G. Hirschfelder, D. Schell and A. Schrutka-Rechtenstamm (eds.), Kulturen – Spra chen – Übergänge. Festschrift für H. L. Cox zum 65. Geburtstag. Cologne: Böhlau, pp. 135–52
Clyne, Michael, Eisikovits, Edina and Tollfree, Laura. 2001. Ethnic varieties of Australian English. In D. Blair (ed.), English in Australia. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 223–38
Clyne, Michael, Fernandez, Sue, Chen, Imogen and Summo-O'Connell, Renata. 1997. Background Speakers. Canberra: Language Australia
Clyne, Michael and Kipp, Sandra. 1997. Trends and changes in home language use and shift in Australia. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 18: 451–73CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael and Kipp, Sandra. 1998. Language concentrations in metropolitan areas. People and Place 6(2): 50–60Google Scholar
Clyne, Michael and Kipp, Sandra. 1999. Pluricentric Languages in an Immigrant Context: Spanish, Chinese, Arabic. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Clyne, Michael and Mocnay, Eugenia. 1999. Zur ungarisch-deutsch-englischen Dreisprachigkeit in Australien. In K. Bührig and Y. Matras (eds.), Sprachtheorie und sprachliches Handeln. Festschrift für Jochen Rehbein zum 60. Geburtstag. Tübingen: Stauffenburg, pp. 159–69
Coakes, Sheridan J. and Steed, Lyndall G. 1997. SPSS Analysis without Analysis. Brisbane: Wiley
Conklin, Nancy F. and Lourie, Margaret A. 1983. A Host of Tongues: Language Communities in the United States. New York: Free Press
Connor, Ulla and Kaplan, Robert B. (eds.). 1987. Writing Across Cultures. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley
Costa, Albert. and Caramazza, Alfonso. 1999. Is lexical selection in bilingual speech production language-specific?Bilingualism 2(3): 231–43CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coulmas, Florian. 1992. Die Wirtschaft mit der Sprache. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp
Crawford, James. 2001. News from the USA Census, 2000: few surprises. Bilingual Family Newsletter 18: 3Google Scholar
Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena. 1999. Prosodic mixing: strategies in multilingual language acquisition. International Journal of Bilingualism 3: 1–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Csernicskó, István and Fenyvési, Anna. 2000. The sociolinguistic stratification of Hungarian in Subcarpathia. Multilingua 19: 95–122CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daan, Jo. 1970. Bilingualism of Dutch immigrants in the U.S.A. In V. Lange and H. Roloff (eds.), Dichtung. Sprache. Gesellschaft. Akten des IV. Internationales Germanisten-Kongresses 1970 in Princeton, pp. 205–13
Dal Negro, Silvia. n.d. Mantimento, variazione e morte della lingua nel Walser di Formazza. Doctoral dissertation, Università degli Studi di Pavia
Dalton, Lorraine, Edwards, Sandra, Farquarson, Rosaleen, Oscar, Sarah and McConvell, Patrick. 1995. Gurindji children's language and language maintenance. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 113: 83–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawkins, John. 1991a. Australia's Language: The Australian Language and Literacy Policy. Canberra: AGPS
Dawkins, John. 1991b. Australia's Language: The Australian Language and Literacy Policy. Companion volume. Canberra: AGPS
De Angelis, Gessica and Selinker, Larry. 2001. Interlanguage transfer and competing linguistic systems in the multilingual mind. In Cenoz, Hufeisen and Jessner (eds.), pp. 42–58
Bot, Kees. 1992. A bilingual production model: Levelt's ‘speaking’ model adapted. Applied Linguistics 13: 1–24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Bot, Kees. 1998. The psycholinguistics of language loss. In Extra and Verhoeven (eds.), pp. 345–61
Bot, Kees. 2000. Sociolinguistics and language processing mechanisms. Sociolinguistica 14: 74–7Google Scholar
De Bot, Kees. 2001. Language use as an interface between sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic processes in language attrition and language shift. In J. Klatter-Folmer and P. van Avermaet (eds.), Theories of maintenance and loss of minority languages. Münster: Waxmann, 65–82
Bot, Kees and Clyne, Michael. 1989. Language reversion revisited, Studies in Second Language Acquisition 9: 167–77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bot, Kees and Clyne, Michael. 1994. A 16-year longitudinal study of language attrition in Dutch immigrants in Australia. Journal of Multicultural and Multilingual Development 15: 17–28CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Bot, Kees and Schreuder, Robert. 1993. Word production and the bilingual lexicon. In Robert Schreuder and Bert Weltens (eds.), The Bilingual Lexicon. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 191–214
Bot, Kees and Stoessel, Sassia. 2000. In search of yesterday's words: reactivating a long forgotten language. Applied Linguistics 21(3): 364–88Google Scholar
De Groot, Annette M. B. and Kroll, Judith F. (eds.). 1997. Tutorials in Bilingualism: Psycholinguistic Perspectives. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
De Rooij, J. 1987. Variatie en Norm in de Standardtaal. Amsterdam: Publikaties van het P. J. Meertens Instituut. Vol 7
De Rooij, J. 1988. Van ‘hebben’ naar ‘zijn’. Amsterdam: P. J. Meertens-Instituut
De Vries, John. 1999. Foreign born language acquisition and shift. In S. Halli and L. Driedger (eds.), Immigrant Canada: Demographic, Economic and Social Challenges. Toronto: University of Toronto Press
Dell, Gary. 1986. A spreading activation theory of retrieval in sentence production. Psychological Review 93: 283–321CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dell, Gary. 1995. Speaking and misspeaking. In L. Gleitman and M. Liberman (eds.), Language: An Invitation to Cognitive Science, vol. 1 (2nd edition). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 183–208
Dell, Gary and Reich, Peter A. 1980. Toward a unified model of slips of the tongue. In V. Fromkin (ed.), Errors in Linguistic Performance. New York: Academic Press, pp. 273–86
Dewaele, Jean-Marc. 1998. Lexical interventions: French interlanguage as L2 versus L3. Applied Linguistics 19(4): 471–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dewaele, Jean-Marc. 2001. Activation or inhibition? The interaction of L1, L2 and L3 on the language mode continuum. In Cenoz, Hufeisen and Jessner (eds.), pp. 69–89
Dil, Anwar (ed.). 1980. Language and Linguistic Areas. Stanford: Stanford University Press
Di Sciullo, Annemarie, Muysken, Pieter and Singh, Rajendra. 1986. Code-mixing and government. Journal of Linguistics 22: 1–24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dixon, R. M. W. 1980. The Languages of Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Dixon, R. M. W. 1997. The Rise and Fall of Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Döpke, Susanne. 1992. One parent one language – an interactional approach. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Donaldson, Bruce. 1981 (1987). Dutch Reference Grammar. ‘s-Gravenhage: Nijhoff
Dorian, Nancy. 1977. The problem of the semi-speaker in language death. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 12: 23–32Google Scholar
Dorian, Nancy. 1981. Language Death: The Life Cycle of a Scottish Gaelic Dialect. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
Dorian, Nancy (ed.). 1989. Investigating Obsolescence. Studies in Language Contraction and Death. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Dorian, Nancy. 1994. Stylistic variation in a language restricted to private-sphere use. In D. Biber and E. Finegan (eds.), Sociolinguistic Perspectives on Registers. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 217–32
Dorian, Nancy. 1999. The study of language obsolescence: stages, surprises, challenges. Languages and Linguistics 3: 99–122Google Scholar
Drach, Erich. 1937 (1963). Grundlagen der deutschen Satzlehre. Wiesbaden: Wissen-schaftliche Buchgesellschaft
Dufour, Robert. 1997. Sign language and bilingualism: modality implications for bilingual language representation. In de Groot and Kroll (eds.), pp. 301–30
Duranti, Alessandro and Reynolds, Jennifer F. 2000. Phonological and cultural innovations in the speech of Samoans in Southern California. Estudios de Sociolinguistica 1: 93–110Google Scholar
Durie, Mark. 1995. Towards an understanding of the linguistic evolution of the notion of ‘X has a function Y’. In W. Abraham, T. Givón and S. Thompson (eds.), Discourse Grammar and Typology: Papers in Honor of J. W. M. Verhaar. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 275–308
Durović, Lubomir. 1983. The case systems in the language of diaspora children. Slavica Lundensia 9: 21–94Google Scholar
Durrell, Martin. 1971 [1996]. Hammer's German Grammar and Usage. 3rd edition. London: Arnold
Durrell, Martin. 1992. Using German. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Duszak, Anna (ed.) 1997. Culture and Styles of Academic Discourse. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Ebbinghaus, Hermann. 1885. Über das Gedächtnis. Leipzig: Duncker und Humblot
Edwards, John. 1992. Sociopolitical aspects of language maintenance and loss: towards a typology of minority language situations. In W. Fase, K. Jaspaert and S. Kroon (eds.), The Maintenance and Loss of Minority languages. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 37–54
Edwards, John. 1994. Multilingualism. London: Routledge
Els, Theo van. 1985. An overview of European research on language attrition. In B. Weltens, K. de Bot and T. van Els (eds.), Language Attrition in Progress. Dordrecht, Holland: Foris, pp. 3–19
Emeneau, Murray B. 1980a. India and linguistic areas. In Dil (ed.), pp. 120–65
Emeneau, Murray B. 1965/1980b. Dravidian and Indo-Aryan: the Indian linguistic area. In Dil (ed.), pp. 167–96
Endrody, Tibor. 1971. Prepositional Interference and Deviation in Migrant German and Migrant Hungarian. MA thesis, Monash University
Extra, Guus. 1978. Eerste- en tweede-taalverwerving. Muiderberg: Coutinho
Extra, Guus and Verhoeven, Ludo (eds.). 1993a. Community Languages in the Netherlands. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press
Extra, Guus and Verhoeven, Ludo (eds.). 1993b. Immigrant languages in Europe. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Eze, Ejike. 1998. Lending credence to a borrowing analysis: lone English-origin incorporation in Igbo discourse. International Journal of Bilingualism 2: 183–202CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fenyvési, Anna. 1994. Language Contact and Language Death in an Immigrant Language: The Case of Hungarian. Unpublished MA thesis, University of Pittsburgh
Ferguson, Charles. 1959. Diglossia, Word 15: 325–44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fishman, Joshua A. 1967. Bilingualism with or without diglossia: diglossia with or without bilingualism. Journal of Social Issues 23: 29–38CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fishman, Joshua A. 1977. The social science perspective: keynote. In J. A. Fishman (ed.), Bilingual Education: Current Perspectives. Washington, DC: Georgetown University, pp. 1–49
Fishman, Joshua A. 1987. Post-exilic Jewish languages and pidgins/creoles. Multilingua 6: 7–24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fishman, Joshua A. 1988. ‘English only’ – its ghosts, myths and dangers. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 74: 125–40Google Scholar
Fishman, Joshua A. 1989. Language and Ethnicity in Minority Sociolinguistic Perspective. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Fishman, Joshua A. 1991. Reversing Language Shift. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Fishman, Joshua A. 1997. In Praise of the Beloved Language. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Fishman, Joshua A. (ed.). 2001a. Can Threatened Languages Be Saved? Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Fishman, Joshua A. 2001b. A decade in the life of a two-in-one language. In Fishman (ed.), pp. 74–100
Fishman, Joshua A. 2001c. From theory to practice (and vice versa). In Fishman (ed.), pp. 451–83
Fishman, Joshua A., Nahirny, Vladimir C., Hofman, John E. and Hayden, Robert G. (eds.). 1966. Language Loyalty in the United States. The Hague: Mouton
Fishman, Joshua A., Gertner, Michael H., Lowy, Esther G. and Milán, William G. 1985. The Rise and Fall of the Ethnic Revival. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Fodor, Jerry A., Garrett, Merrill and Bever, Thomas G. 1968. Some syntactic determinants of sentential complexity. II – verb structure. Perception and Psychophysics 8: 215–21Google Scholar
Foolen, Ad. 1993. De betekenis van partikels. PhD thesis, University of Nijmegen
Franck, Dorothea. 1979. Abtönungspartikeln und Interaktionsmanagement. Tendenziöse Fragen. In Weydt (ed.), pp. 3–13
Fuller, Janet. 2000. Morpheme types in a ML turnover. International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 45–58CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fuller, Janet and Lehnert, Heike. 2000. Noun phrase structure in German-English code-switching. International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 399–420CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gafaranga, Joseph. 2000. Medium repair versus other language-repair, International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 327–50CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gal, Susan. 1979. Language Shift: Social Determinants of Linguistic Change in Bilingual Austria. New York: Academic Press
Galbally, Frank. 1978. Report on Post-Arrival Services and Programs for Migrants. Canberra: AGPS
García, Ofelia, Morin, Jose Luis and Rivera, Klaudia. 2001. How threatened is the Spanish of New York Puerto Ricans? In Fishman (ed.), pp. 44–73
Gardner-Chloros, Penelope. 1991. Language Selection and Switching in Strasbourg. Oxford: Clarendon Press
Gardner-Chloros, Penelope. 1995. Code-switching in community, regional and national repertoires: the myth of discreteness of linguistic systems. In Milroy and Muysken (eds.), pp. 68–89
Gardner-Chloros, Penelope, Moyer, Melissa, Sebba, Mark and Hout, Roeland. 1999. Toward standardizing and sharing bilingual data. International Journal of Bilingualism 3(4): 395–424CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gass, Susan M. 1997. Input, Interaction and the Second Language Learner. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
Ghafar Samar, Reza and Meechan, Marjory. 1998. The Null Theory of codeswitching versus the Nonce Borrowing Hypothesis. International Journal of Bilingualism 2: 203–20CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giacalone Ramat, Anna. 1983. Che cosa può offrire lo studio delle lingue in via di riduzione alle ricerche sull'acquisizione delle lingue straniere? In M. Dardano (ed.), Parallela (= Akten d.2.Österr. – it. Linguistentreffens). Tübingen: Narr, pp. 337–51
Giacalone Ramat, Anna. 1995. Code-switching in the context of dialect/standard language relations. In Milroy and Muysken (eds.), pp. 45–68
Giesbers, Herman. 1989. Code-switching tussen dialect en standaardtaal. Amsterdam: P. J. Meertens-Instituut
Gilbert, Glenn. 1965. Dative vs. accusative in the German dialects of Texas. Zeitschrift für Mundartforschung. 32(3–4): 288–96Google Scholar
Gilbert, Glenn. 1970. The phonology, morphology and lexicon of a German text from Fredericksburg, Texas. In Gilbert (ed.), Texas Studies in Bilingualism. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 63–105
Giles, Howard (ed.). 1997. Language, Ethnicity and Intergroup Relations. London: Academic Press
Giles, Howard, Bourhis, Richard Y. and Taylor, Donald M. 1977. Toward a theory of language in ethnic group relations. In Giles (ed.), pp. 307–48
Giles, Howard and Powesland, Peter. 1975. Speech Style and Social Evaluation. London: Academic Press
Giles, Howard, Rosenthal, Doreen and Young, Louis. 1985. Perceived ethnolinguistic vitality: the Anglo- and Greek-Australian setting. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 6: 253–69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Givón, Talmy. 1971. Historical syntax and synchronic morphology: an archaeologist's fieldtrip. Papers from the 7th regional meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, pp. 394–415
Givón, Talmy. 1976. On the VS word order in Israeli Hebrew: pragmatics and typological change. In P. Cole (ed.), Papers in Hebrew Syntax. Amsterdam: North Holland, pp. 153–81
Givón, Talmy. 1979. On Understanding Grammar. New York: Academic Press
Goebl, Hans, Nelde, Peter, Starý, Zdenek and Wölck, Wolfgang (eds.). 1997. Handbook of Contact Linguistics. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Goffman, Erving. 1981. Radio talk. In E. Goffman (ed.), Forms of Talk. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, pp. 197–330
Gold, David L. 1981. The speech and writing of Jews. In C. Ferguson and S. Heath (eds.), Language in the USA. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 273–93
Goldman-Eisler, Frieda. 1968. Psycho linguistics. London: Academic Press
Gonzo, Susan and Saltarelli, Mario. 1983. Pidginization and linguistic change in emigrant languages. In R. Andersen (ed.), Pidginization and Creolization as Language Acquisition. Rowley: Newbury House, pp. 181–97
Goss, Emily and Salmons, Joseph. 2000. The evolution of a bilingual discourse marking system: modal particles and English markers in German-American dialects. International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 469–84CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, David. 1986. Control, activation and resource: a framework and a model for the control of speech in bilinguals. Brain and Language 27: 210–23CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, David. 1993. Towards a model of L2 comprehension and production. In Schreuder and Weltens (eds.), The Bilingual Lexicon. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 249–77
Green, David. 1998. Mental control of the bilingual lexico-semantic system. Bilingualism, Language and Cognition 1: 67–81CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenberg, Joseph H. 1963. Some universals of grammar with particular reference to the order of meaningful elements. In J. Greenberg (ed.), Universals of Language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 73–113
Grin, François. 1996. Economic approaches to language and language planning: an introduction. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 121: 1–16CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grosjean, François. 1982. Life with Two Languages. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Grosjean, François. 1988. Exploring the recognition of guest words in bilingual speech. Language and Cognitive Processes 3: 233–74CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grosjean, François. 1995. A psycholinguistic approach to code-switching: the recognition of guest words by bilinguals. In Milroy and Muysken (eds.), pp. 259–75
Grosjean, François. 1997. Processing mixed language. In de Groot and Kroll (eds.), pp. 225–54
Grosjean, François. 1998. Studying bilinguals: methodological and conceptual issues. Bilingualism, Language and Cognition 1: 131–49CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grosjean, François. 2001. The bilingual's language modes. In Nicol (ed.), pp. 1–22
Gumperz, John J. 1964. Hindi-Punjabi code-switching in Delhi. Proceedings of the 9th International Congress of Linguists. Cambridge, MA, The Hague: Mouton, pp. 115–24
Gumperz, John J. 1976. The Sociolinguistic Significance of Conversational Code-Switching (=University of California Working Papers 46). Berkeley: University of California
Gumperz, John J. 1982. Discourse Strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Gumperz, John J. and Wilson, Robert. 1971. Convergence and creolization: a case from the Indo-Aryan/ Dravidian border. In D. Hymes (ed.), Pidginization and Creolization of Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 151–68
Guy, Gregory and Vonwiller, Jan. 1989. The high rising tone in Australian English. In P. Collins and D. Blair (eds.), Australian English. The Language of a New Society. Brisbane: University of Queensland Press, pp. 21–34
Haas, Mary. 1953. Results of the conference of anthropologists and linguists. Introduction to Chapter III. Supplement to: International Journal of American Linguistics 19: 42–43Google Scholar
Häcki-Buhofer, Annelies and Burger, Harald. 1998. Wie deutschschweizer Kinder Hochdeutsch lernen (ZDL-Beiheft 98). Stuttgart: Steiner
Haeringen, C. B. van. n.d. Nederlands tussen Duits en Engels. The Hague: Servire
Haig, Geoffrey. 2001. Linguistic diffusion in present-day Anatolia: from top to bottom. In A. Aikhenvald and R. M. W. Dixon (eds.), Areal Diffusion and Genetic Inheritance: Problems in Comparative Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Håkansson, Gisela. 2001. Tense morphology and verb-second in Swedish L1 children, L2 children and children with SLI. Bilingualism, Language and Cognition 4: 85–99CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halmari, Helena. 1997. Government and Codeswitching: Explaining American Finnish. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Hammarberg, Bjorn. 2001. Roles of L1 and L2 in L3 production and acquisition. In Cenoz et al. (eds.), pp. 21–41
Hansen, Marcus Lee. 1962. The third generation in America. Commentary 14: 492–500Google Scholar
Harris, Alice C. and Campbell, Lyle. 1995. Historical Syntax in Cross-Linguistic Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Hartung, Wolfdietrich. 1964. Die zusammengesetzte Sätze des Deutschen (=Studia Grammatica 4). Berlin: Akademie Verlag
Harvey, Susan. 1974. National language usage among Dutch and Polish immigrant children. In D. Edgar (ed.), Social Change in Australia. Melbourne: Cheshire, pp. 131–44
Hasselmo, Nils. 1961. American Swedish. PhD dissertation, Harvard University
Hasselmo, Nils. 1974. Amerikasvenska. Lund: Esselte
Haugen, Einar. 1953. The Norwegian Language in America. 2 vols. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
Haugen, Einar. 1956. Bilingualism in the Americas. Alabama: American Dialect Society
Haugen, Einar. 1973. Bilingualism, language contact and immigrant languages in the United States. Current Trends in Linguistics 10: 505–91. The Hague: Mouton
Haugen, Einar, McClure, J. Derrick and Thomson, Derick (eds). 1980. Minority Languages Today. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
Hawkins, John. 1986. Comparative Typology of English and German. London: Croom Helm
Hebart, Theodor. 1938. Die Vereinigte Evangelisch-Lutherischje Kirche in Australien. North Adelaide: Lutheran Publishing House
Heidolph, Karl Erich. 1964. Einfacher Satz und Kernsatz im Deutschen. Acta Linguistica Hungarica 14: 97–109Google Scholar
Henzl, Vera M. 1980. American Czech: a comparative study of the linguistic modifications in immigrant and young children speech. In Sussex (ed.), pp. 33–46
Hermans, Daan, Bongaerts, Theo, Bot, Kees and Schreuder, Robert. 1998. Producing words in a foreign language: can speakers prevent interference from the first language?Bilingualism, Language and Cognition 1: 213–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herwig, Anna. 2001. Plurilingual lexical organization: evidence from lexical processing in L1–L2–L3–L4 translation. In Cenoz et al. (eds.), pp. 115–137
Hinrichs, Uwe. 1979. Partikelgebrauch und Identität am Beispiel des deutschen Ja. In Weydt (ed.), pp. 256–68
Hirst, John. 2001. More or less diversity. In H. Irving (ed.), The Barton Lectures: Unity and Diversity. Sydney: NSW Centenary of Federation and ABC
Hlavac, Jim. 1999. Phonological integration of English transfers in Croatian: evidence from the Croatian speech of second generation Croatian-Australians. Filologija 32: 39–73Google Scholar
Hlavac, Jim. 2000. Croatian in Melbourne: lexicon, switching and morphosyntactic features in the speech of second-generation bilinguals. PhD thesis, Monash University
Ho-Dac, Tuc. 1996. Languages in contact: Vietnamese-English code-switching in Melbourne. PhD thesis, Monash University
Ho-Dac, Tuc. 2002. Vietnamese-English Bilingualism. Patterns of Code-Switching. London: Routledge Curzon
Hoffmann, Charlotte. 2001. Towards a description of trilingual competence. International Journal of Bilingualism 5: 1–17CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, Janet. 1992. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. London: Longman
House, Juliane and Kasper, Gabriele. 1981. Politeness markers in English and German. In F. Coulmas (ed.), Conversational Routine. Explorations in Standardized Communication Situations and Prepatterned Speech. The Hague: Mouton, pp. 157–85
Hufeisen, Britta. 1991. Englisch als erste und Deutsch als zweite Fremdsprache. Frankfurt: Lang
Huffines, Marion Lois. 1989. Case usage among the Pennsylvania German sectarians and nonsectarians. In Dorian (ed.), pp. 211–26
Hulsen, Madeleine. 2000. Language loss and language processing: three generations of Dutch migrants in New Zealand. PhD thesis, University of Nijmegen
Hyman, Larry M. 1975. On the change from SOV to SVO: evidence from Niger-Congo. In C. N. Li (ed.), Word Order Change. Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 113–47
Isačenko, Alexander. 1965. Das syntaktische Verhältnis der Bezeichnung von Körperteilen im deutschen. Studia Grammatica 5: 7–27Google Scholar
Jacobs, Neil. 1996. On the investigation of 1920s Vienna Jewish speech. American Journal of Germanic Linguistics and Literatures 8: 177–217CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobson, Rodolfo (ed.). 1998. Codeswitching Worldwide. New York: Mouton de Gruyter
Jacobson, Rodolfo (ed.). 2001. Codeswitching Worldwide 2. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Jake, Janice. 1994. Intrasentential code-switching and pronouns: on the categorial status of functional elements. Linguistics 32: 271–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jake, Janice and Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1997. Codeswitching and compromise strategies: implications for lexical structure. International Journal of Bilingualism 1: 25–39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jake, Janice, Myers-Scotton, Carol and Gross, Steven. 2002. Making a minimalist approach to codeswitching work: adding the Matrix Language. Bilingualism, Language and Cognition 5: 69–91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaspaert, Koen and Kroon, Sjaak. 1988. Social Determinants of Language Shift by Italians in the Netherlands and Flanders. Paper delivered at the International Workshop in the Loss and Maintenance of Minority Languages, Noordwijkerhout, August 1988
Jescheniak, Jörg D. and Schriefers, Hebert. 1997. Lexical access in speech production: serial or cascaded processing?Language and Cognition Processes 12: 847–52CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johanson, Lars. 1992. Strukturelle Faktoren in türkischen Sprachkontakten. Stuttgart: Steiner
Johanson, Lars. 1999. The dynamics of code-copying in language encounters. In E. Lanza Brendemoen and E. Ryen (eds.), Language Encounters Across Time and Space. Oslo: Novus Press, pp. 37–62
Jucker, Andreas and Smith, Sara W. 1998. And people just you know like ‘wow’: discourse markers as negotiating strategies. In Jucker and Ziv (eds.), pp. 171–201
Jucker, Andreas and Ziv, Yael (eds.). 1998. Discourse Markers. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Jutronić, Dunja. 1974. The Serbo-Croatian language in Steelton, PA. General Linguistics 14: 15–34Google Scholar
Kachru, Braj. 1978. Toward structuring code-mixing: an Indian perspective. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 16: 27–46Google Scholar
Kachru, Braj. 1983. On mixing. In B. Kachru (ed.), The Indianization of English. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, pp. 193–207
Kaminskas, Gintas. 1972. Melbourne Spanish. MA thesis, Monash University
Kasper, Gabriele. 1981. Pragmatische Aspekte in der Interimsprache. Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag
Kasper, Gabriele and Blum-Kulka, Shoshana (eds.). 1994. Interlanguage Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Katsikis, Mary. 1993. Language Attitudes, Ethnicity and Language Maintenance: the Case of Second Generation Greek-Australians. BA (Hons) thesis, Department of Linguistics, Monash University
Katsikis, Mary. 1997. The Generation Gap: an Insight into the Language and Cultural Maintenance of Third Generation Greek-Australians. MA thesis, Department of Linguistics, Monash University
Keel, William D. 1994. Reduction and loss of case marking in the noun phrase in German-American speech islands: internal development or external interference? In Berend and Mattheier (eds.), pp. 93–104
Keenan, Edward. 1978. Language variation and the logical structure of universal grammar. In Hans-Jakob Seiler (ed.), Language Universals. Tübingen: Narr, pp. 89–123
Kenny, K. Dallas. 1996. Language Loss and the Crisis of Cognition. The Hague: Mouton
Kiefer, Ferenc. 1988. Modal particles as discourse markers in questions. Acta Linguistica Hungarica 38: 107–25Google Scholar
Kinder, John J. 1986. The verbal marking of interference in New Zealand Italian. In Bettoni (ed.), pp. 87–104
Kipp, Sandra. 1980. German language maintenance and shift in some rural settlements. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 28: 69–80Google Scholar
Kipp, Sandra. 2002. German–English bilingualism in the Western District of Victoria. PhD thesis, University of Melbourne
Kipp, Sandra, Clyne, Michael and Pauwels, Anne. 1995. Immigration and Australia's Language Resources. Canberra: AGPS
Kjær, I. and Baumann-Larsen, M. 1974. De messy ting. In P. Andersen (ed.), Festschrift til Kristian Hals. Copenhagen: Akademisk Forlag, pp. 421–30
Klarberg, Manfred. 1976. Identity and communication: maintenance of Hebrew, decline of Yiddish. In Clyne (ed.), pp. 89–102
Klarberg, Manfred. 1983. The Effect of Ideology on Language Teaching. PhD thesis, Monash University
Klatter-Folmer, Jetske. 1995. Language shift and loss in a third generation Dutch family in New Zealand. In Klatter-Folmer and Kroon (eds.), pp. 195–214
Klatter-Folmer, Jetske and Kroon, Sjaak (eds.). 1995. Dutch Overseas. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press
Klatter-Folmer, Jetske and Avermaet, Piet van (eds.). 2001. Theories on Maintenance and Loss of Minority Languages. Münster: Waxmann
Klavans, Judith L. 1983. The syntax of code-switching. In L. D. King and C. A. Maley (eds.), Selected Papers from the 13 th Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages. Vol. 36. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 213–31
Kloss, Heinz. 1966. German American language maintenance efforts. In Fishman et al. (eds.), pp. 206–52
Kloss, Heinz. 1969. Research Possibilities in Group Bilingualism. Québec: International Center for Research on Bilingualism
König, Ekkehard, Stark, Detlef and Requardt, Susanne. 1990. Adverbien und Partikeln: ein deutsch-englisches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Groos
Kontra, Miklós. 1990. Fejezetek a South Bend-i Magyár Nyelvhasználatból. Budapest: MTA Nyelvtudomanyi Intézete
Kouzmin, Ludmilla. 1973. The Russian Language in an Australian Environment: a Descriptive Analysis of English Lexical Interference in the Speech of Bilingual Russian Migrants. PhD thesis, University of Melbourne
Kovács, Magdolna. 2001. Code-switching and Language Shift in Australian Finnish in Comparison with Australian Hungarian. Äbo: Äbo University Press
Krashen, Stephen D. 1982. Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Learning. Oxford: Pergamon
Kurtböke, Petek. 1998a. A Corpus-driven Study of Turkish-English Language Contact in Australia. PhD thesis, Monash University
Kurtböke, Petek. 1998b. Non-equivalence of delexicalized verbs in bilingual dictionaries. In Thierry Fontenelle et al. (eds.), EURALEX '98 Proceedings. Belgium: University of Liège, vol. 2, pp. 397–404
Lalor, Erin and Kirsner, Kim. 2000. Cross-lingual transfer effects between English and Italian cognates and non-cognates. International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 385–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lalor, Olga and Blanc, Michel. 1988. Language use in a bilingual Adyge-Russian community. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 9: 411–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larmouth, Donald. 1974. Differential interference in American Finnish cases. Language 50: 356–66CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lehmann, Winfred P. 1974. Proto-Indo-European Syntax. Austin: University of Texas Press
Lehmann, Winfred P. 1978. Syntactic Typology. Austin: University of Texas Press
Levelt, W. J. M. 1983. Monitoring and self-repair in speech. Cognition 14: 41–104CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levelt, W. J. M. 1989. Speaking. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
Levelt, W. J. M., Roelofs, Ardi and Meyer, Antje S. 1999. A theory of lexical access in speech production. Behavioural and Brain Sciences 22: 1–75CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Li, David C. S. 2001. L2 lexis in L1: reluctance to translate out of concern for referential meaning. Multilingua 20: 1–26CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li Wei. 1998a. Three Generations, Two Languages, One Family: Language Choice and Language Shift in a Chinese Community in Britain. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Li Wei. 1998b. The ‘why’ and ‘how’ questions in the analysis of conversational code-switching. In Auer (ed.), pp. 156–79
Lo Bianco, Joseph. 1987. National Policy on Languages. Canberra: AGPS
Lo Bianco, Joseph. 2000. Policy literacy. Language and Education 15: 122–7Google Scholar
Lockwood, W. B. 1968. Historical German Syntax. Oxford: Clarendon Press
Loránd, Benko and Samu, Imre. 1972. The Hungarian Language. The Hague: Mouton
LOTE Strategy Plan 1993. Melbourne: Victorian Department of Education
Louden, Mark L. 1994. Syntactic change in multilingual speech islands. In Berend and Mattheier (eds.), pp. 73–92
Lucas, Ceil and Valli, Clayton. 1989. Language contact in the American deaf community. In C. Lucas (ed.), The Socio-Linguistics of the Deaf Community. San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 11–40
Ludwig-Wyder, Hélène. 1982. L' influence de l'anglais sur le français parlé en Australie. MA thesis, University of Melbourne
Lütten, J. 1979. Die Rolle der Partikeln doch, eben und ja als Konsens-Konstitutiva in gesprochener Sprache. In Weydt (ed.), pp. 30–8
Maandi, Katrin. 1989. Estonian among immigrants in Sweden. In Dorian (ed.), pp. 227–42
Macaulay, Ronald. 2001. You're like ‘Why not?’ The quotative expressions of Glasgow adolescents. Journal of Sociolinguistics 2: 3–21CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McClelland, James and Elman, Jeffrey. 1986. The TRACE model of speech perception. Cognitive Psychology 18: 1–86CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McClure, Erica. 1977. Aspects of code-switching in the discourse of bilingual Mexican-American children. In M. Saville-Troike (ed.), Linguistics and Anthropology. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, pp. 93–116
McClure, Erica. 2001. Oral and written Assyrian-English code-switching. In Jacobson (ed.), pp. 157–91
McConvell, Patrick. 1985. Domains and code-switching among bilingual Aborigines. In Clyne (ed.), pp. 95–125
McConvell, Patrick. 1988. MIX-IM-UP: Aboriginal code-switching, old and new. In Heller (ed.), Code-Switching. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 97–149
McConvell, Patrick. 1991. Understanding language shift: a step towards language maintenance. In S. Romaine (ed.), Language in Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 143–55
Mackey, William F. 1966. The measurement of bilingual behavior. The Canadian Psychologist 7a: 75–92CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNamara, Tim J. 1987. Language and social identity: Israelis abroad. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 6: 215–28CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacSwan, Jeff. 1999. A Minimalist Approach to Intrasentential Code Switching. New York: Garland
MacWhinney, Barry. 1987. Applying the competition model to bilingualism. Applied Psycholinguistics 8: 315–27CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacWhinney, Barry. 1992. Transfer and competition in second language learning. In Harris (ed.), Cognitive Processing in Bilinguals. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 371–90
MacWhinney, Barry. 1997. Second language acquisition and the competition model. In Groot and Kroll (eds.), pp. 113–42
MacWhinney, Barry and Bates, Elizabeth (eds.). 1989. The Cross-Linguistic Study of Sentence Processing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Maher, Julianne. 1991. A cross-linguistic study of language contact and language attrition. In H. Seliger and R. Vado (eds.), First Language Attrition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 67–87
Mahootian, Shahrzad. 1996. A competence model of code-switching. In J. Arnold (ed.), Sociolinguistic Variation. Data, Theory and Analysis. Selected papers from NWAV 23 at Stanford. Stanford: CSLI, pp. 387–400
Mallinson, Graham and Blake, Barry. 1981. Language Typology: Cross-Linguistic Studies in Syntax. Amsterdam: North-Holland
Marle, Jaap van and Smits, Caroline. 1997. Deviant patterns of lexical transfer: English-origin words in American Dutch. In Klatter-Folmer and Kroon (eds.), pp. 255–72
Martín, Mario Daniel. 1996. Spanish Language Maintenance and Shift in Australia. PhD thesis, Australian National University, Canberra
Martin, Nadine, Gagnon, Deborah, Schwartz, Myrna, Dell, Gary and Saffran, Eleanor. 1996. Phonological facilitation of semantic errors in normal and aphasic speakers. Language and Cognitive Processes 11: 257–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matthews, Peter. 1997. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Meechan, Marjory. 2001. Review of J. MacSwan, A Minimalist Approach to Intrasentential Codeswitching. Language in Society 30: 285–9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meeuwis, Michael and Blommaert, Jan. 1998. A monolectal view of code-switching: layered code-switching among Zairians in Belgium. In Auer (ed.), pp. 76–98
Meyerstein, G. P. 1969. Interference in prepositional phrases: immigrant Slovak in America. Lingua 22: 63–80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Milroy, James. 1998. Internal vs. external motivations for linguistic change. Multilingua 16: 311–24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Milroy, Lesley and Muysken, Pieter (eds.). 1995. One Speaker, Two Languages. Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives on Code-Switching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Milroy, Lesley. 1980. Language and Social Networks. Oxford: Basil Blackwell
Monheit, Dorrit. 1975. The Role of the German Ethnic School in Maintaining the German Language in Melbourne. BA (Hons.) thesis, Monash University
Morgan, Roy. 1951. Morgan Gallup Poll – Maintenance of Level of Immigration. Melbourne: Morgan
Mous, Maarten. 1994. Ma'a or Mbugu. In Bakker and Mous (eds.), pp. 175–200
Mufwene, Salikoko. 1991. Pidgins, creoles, typology and markedness. In F. Byrne and T. Huebner (eds.), Development and Structure of Creole Languages. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: Benjamins, pp. 123–43
Mufwene, Salikoko. 1994. Review of C. Myers-Scotton, Social Motivations for Code-switching. The SECOL Review 18: 213–18Google Scholar
Mufwene, Salikoko. 2001. The Ecology of Language Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Mufwene, Salikoko and Gilman, Charles. 1987. How African is Gullah and why?American Speech 62: 120–39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mühlhäusler, Peter. 1980. Structural expansion and the process of creolization. In A. Valdman and A. Highfield (eds.), Theoretical Orientations in Creole Studies. New York: Academic Press, pp. 19–55
Mühlhäusler, Peter. 1985. Patterns of contact, mixture, creation and nativization. In C. J. Bailey (ed.), Developmental Mechanisms of Language. Oxford: Pergamon, pp. 51–88
Mühlhäusler, Peter. 1997. Pidgin and Creole Linguistics, expanded and revised edition. London: University of Westminster Press
Müller, Max. 1862. Lectures on the Science of Language. 5th edition. London: Longmans, Green
Muysken, Pieter. 1995. Code-switching and grammatical theory. In Milroy and Muysken (eds.), pp. 177–98
Muysken, Pieter. 1997. Code-switching processes. In M. Pütz (ed.), Language Choices. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 361–78
Muysken, Pieter. 2000. Bilingual Speech. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1992. Comparing code-switching and borrowing. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 13: 19–40CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1993a. Duelling Languages: Grammatical Structure in Code-switching. New York: Oxford University Press
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1993b. Social Motivations for Codeswitching: Evidence from Africa. Oxford: Clarendon Press
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1997a. Codeswitching. In F. Coulmas (ed.), The Handbook of Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 217–37
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1997b. Paperback edition of 1993a (with Afterword). New York: Oxford University Press
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1998a. One way to dusty death: the Matrix Language Turnover Hypothesis. In L. Grenoble and W. Whaley (eds.), Endangered Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 289–306
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1998b. A theoretical introduction to Markedness Model. In C. Myers-Scotton (ed.), Codes and Consequences. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 18–38
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 2000. The Matrix Language Frame Model: developments and responses. In R. Jacobson (ed.), Codeswitching Worldwide II. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Myers-Scotton, Carol and Jake, Janice L. 1995. Matching lemmas in a bilingual language competence and production model: evidence from intrasentential code switching. Linguistics 33: 981–1024CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers-Scotton, Carol and Jake, Janice L. 2000. Four types of morphemes: evidence from aphasia, codeswitching and second language acquisition. Linguistics 38: 1053–100CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers-Scotton, Carol and Jake, Janice L. 2001. Explaining aspects of codeswitching and their implications. In Nicol (ed.), pp. 84–118
Nattinger, James R. and De Carrico, Jeanette S. 1992. Lexical Phrases and Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Naumann, K. 1997. Svenska som främade språk Schweiz. In G. Håkansson et al. (eds.), Svenskas beskriving 22. Lund: Studentliteratur, pp. 318–34
Nicol, Janet (ed.). 2001. One Mind, Two Languages: Bilingual Language Processing. Oxford: Blackwell
Nordenstam, Kerstin. 1979. Norsk i svenskan. Göteborg: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis
Nortier, Jacomine M. 1990. Code-Switching Among Young Moroccans in the Netherlands. Dordrecht: Foris
OMA 1989. Issues in Multicultural Australia. Canberra: Office of Multicultural Affairs
Oksaar, Els. 1972. On code-switching. An analysis of bilingual norms. Vortrag bei der dritten AILA Tagung. Copenhagen
Oksaar, Els (ed.). 1984. Spracherwerb, Sprachkontakt, Sprachkonflikt. Berlin; New York: De Gruyter
Overbeke, Maurits van. 1972. Introduction au problème du bilinguisme. (Etude publiée par l'AIMAV, Association internationale pour la recherche et la diffusion des méthodes audio-visuelles et structuro-globales.) Brussels: Editions ‘Labor’
Ozolins, Uldis. 1993. The Politics of Language in Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Pandharipande, Rajeshwaie. 1998. Is genetic connection relevant in code-switching? Evidence from South Asian languages. In Jacobson (ed.), pp. 201–23
Pandit, Ira. 1990. Grammaticality in codeswitching. In R. Jacobson (ed.), Code-Switching as a Worldwide Phenomenon. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 33–69
Papadametre, Leo and Routoulas, Stephen. 2001. Social, political, educational, linguistic and cultural (dis-)incentives for languages education in Australia. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 22: 134–51CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paradis, Michel. 1981. Neurolinguistic organization of a bilingual's two languages. In J. E. Copland and P. W. Davis (eds.), The 7th LACUS Forum. Columbia, SC: Hornbeam Press, pp. 486–94
Paradis, Michel. 1987. The Assessment of Bilingual Aphasia. Hillsdale: Erlbaum
Paternost, Joseph. 1976. Slovenian language on Minnesota's iron range: some sociolinguistic aspects of language maintenance and language shift. General Linguistics 16: 95–150Google Scholar
Pauwels, Anne. 1986. Immigrant Dialects and Language Maintenance in Australia. Dordrecht: Foris
Pauwels, Anne. 1995. Linguistic practices and language maintenance among bilingual women and men in Australia. Nordlyd 11: 21–50Google Scholar
Pavlenko, Aneta. 1999/2000. New approaches to concepts in bilingual memory, Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 2(3): 209–30 and 3(1): 1–4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pawley, Andrew and Syder, Frances. 1983. Two puzzles for linguistic theory: native-like selection and native-like fluency. In J. C. Richards and R. W. Schmidt (eds.), Language and Communication. London: Longman, pp. 191–226
Peñalosa, Fernando. 1980. Chicano Socio linguistics, a Brief Introduction. Rowley, MA: Newbury House
Peterson, Robert R. and Savoy, Pamela. 1998. Lexical selection and phonological encoding during language production: evidence for cascaded processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology – Learning, Memory and Cognition 24: 539–57CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfaff, Carol W. 1976. Functional and syntactic constraints on syntactic variation in code-mixing. In B. Steever et al. (eds.), Papers from the Parasession on Diachronic Syntax. Chicago Linguistic Society, pp. 248–59
Pfaff, Carol W. 1979. Constraints on language mixing. Language 55: 291–318CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfaff, Carol W. 1991. Turkish in contact with German: language maintenance and loss among immigrant children in Berlin (West). International Journal of the Sociology of Language 90: 97–129CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Piaget, Jean. 1971. Science of Education and the Psychology of the Child, trans. D. Coltman. London: Longman
Piller, Ingrid. 2001. Naturalization, language testing and its basis in ideologies of national identity and citizenship. International Journal of Bilingualism 5: 259–78CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pléh, Csaba and Bodor, Péter. 2000. Linguistic superego in a normative language community and the stigmatization-hypercorrection dimension. Multilingua 19: 133–40CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Polomé, Edgar and Justus, Carol (eds.). 1999. Language Change and Typological Variation: In Honor of Winfred P. Lehmann on the Occasion of his 83rd Birthday (JIE Studies, Monograph 30). Washington, DC: Institute for the Study of Man
Poplack, Shana. 1980. Sometimes I'll start a sentence in Spanish y termino en español: toward a typology of codeswitching. Linguistics 18: 581–618CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poplack, Shana and Sankoff, David. 1988. A variationist approach to languages in contact. In U. Ammon, N. Dittmar and K. Mattheier (eds.), Socio linguistics. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 1174–80
Poplack, Shana and Meechan, Marjory. 1995. Patterns of language mixture: nominal structure in Wolof-French and Fongbe-French bilingual discourse. In Milroy and Muysken (eds.), pp. 199–232
Poplack, Shana and Meechan, Marjory. 1998. Introduction: how languages fit together in codemixing. International Journal of Bilingualism 2(2): 127–38CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poplack, Shana, Sankoff, David and Miller, Christopher. 1988. The social correlates and linguistic processes of lexical borrowing and assimilation. Linguistics 26: 47–104CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poplack, Shana, Wheeler, Susan and Westwood, Anneli. 1989. Distinguishing language contact phenomena: evidence from Finnish-English bilingualism. In P. Lilius and M. Saari (eds.), The Nordic Languages and Modern Linguistics 6, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference. Helsinki, pp. 33–56
Poulisse, Nanda. 1997. Language production in bilinguals. In de Groot and Kroll (eds.), pp. 201–24
Poulisse, Nanda. 1999. Slips of the Tongue. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Poulisse, Nanda and Bongaerts, Theo. 1994. First language use in second language production. Applied Linguistics 15: 36–57CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Preston, Dennis R. 1986. The case of American Polish. In D. Kastovsky and A. Szwedek (eds.), Linguistics across Historical and Geographical Boundaries. In Honour of Jacek Fisiak on the Occasion of his Fiftieth Birthday. Vol. 2. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 1015–23
Primeau, G. 1983. Les Hollandes à Montréal. Profil d'une communauté ethnique de Montréal. Montréal: Conseil scolaire de l'île de Montréal
Queen, Robin M. 2001. Bilingual intonation patterns: evidence of language change in Turkish-German bilingual children. Language in Society 30: 55–80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rayfield, Joan Rachel. 1970. The Languages of a Bilingual Community. The Hague: Mouton
Riehl, Claudia M. 1998. Kontaktphänomene bei schriftlicher Textproduktion: Evidenzen für die mentale Repräsentation von Mehrsprachigkeit. Paper delivered at the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprache, Halle, 5 March 1998
Riehl, Claudia M. 1999. Zur mentalen Repräsentationen der Mehrsprachigkeit. (Kolloquium, Grenzen und Grenzüberschreitungen; Halle, 2 March 1999)
Riehl, Claudia M. 2001. Schreiben, Text und Mehrsprachigkeit. Tübingen: Stauffenburg
Rindler-Schjerve, Rosita. 1998. Codeswitching und Sprachkontaktforschung. Grenz-gänge 5(9): 70–93Google Scholar
Roberts, Mary C. 1999. Immigrant language maintenance in the Gujarati, Dutch and Samoan communities of Wellington. Unpublished PhD thesis, Victoria: University of Wellington
Romaine, Suzanne. 1989. Pidgins, creoles, immigrant and dying languages. In Dorian (ed.), pp. 369–83
Romaine, Suzanne. 1995. Bilingualism. Oxford: Blackwell
Romaine, Suzanne and Lange, Deborah. 1991. The use of ‘like’ as a marker of reported speech and thought: a case of grammaticalisation in progress. American Speech 66: 227–79CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rót, Sandor. 1985. On the national variety of Australian English. Annales Universitatis Budapestiensis Ling. Budapest. 16: 189–204Google Scholar
Rudd, Kevin M. 1994. Asian Languages and Australia's Economic Future. Brisbane: Queensland Government Printer
Rūke-Dravina, Velta. 1969. Språk i kontakt. Stockholm: Aldus/Bonniers
Saitz, Robert Leonard. 1955. Functional Word-order in Old English Subject-Object Patterns. PhD Dissertation, University of Wisconsin
Salmons, Joseph. 1990. Bilingual discourse marking: code switching, borrowing and convergence in some German-American dialects. Linguistics 28: 453–80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salmons, Joseph. 1994. Naturalness and morphological change in Texas German. In Berend and Mattheier (eds.), pp. 59–72
Sankoff, David. 1998. A formal production-based explanation of the facts of code-switching. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 1(1): 39–50CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sankoff, David and Poplack, Shana. 1979. A formal grammar for code-switching. Centro Working Papers 8. New York: Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños
Sapir, Edward. 1921. Language. New York: Harcourt Brace
Sasse, Hans J. 1992. Language decay and contact-induced similarities and differences. In M. Brenzinger (ed.), Language Death. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 59–80
Savić, Jelena. 1995. Structural convergence and language change: evidence from Serbian/English code-switching. Language in Society 24(4): 475–93CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schatz, Henriette. 1989. Code-switching or borrowing of English elements in the Dutch of Dutch-American immigrants. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 83–4: 125–62CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schiffrin, Deborah. 1987. Discourse Markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Schmid, Monika. 2002. First language Attrition, Use and Maintenance – the Case of German-Jews in Anglophone Countries. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Schmid, Stefan. 1994. L'italiano degli spagnoli. Interlingue di immigrati nella Svizzera tedesca. Milan: Franco Angeli
Schmidt, Annette. 1985. Young People's Dyirbal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Schmitt, Elena. 2000. Overt and covert codeswitching in immigrant children from Russia. International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 9–28CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schoenmakers-Klein Gunnewiek, Marian. 1998. Taalverlies door taalcontact? Een onderzoek bij Portugese migranten. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press
Schourup, Lawrence. 1985. Common Discourse Particles in English Conversation. New York: Garland
Schuchardt, Hugo. 1884. Slawo-deutsches und slawo-italienisches, edited and introduced by Dietrich Gerhardt (1971). Munich: Wilhelm Fink
Seaman, P. David. 1972. Modern Greek and American English in Contact. The Hague: Mouton
Sebba, Mark and Wootton, Tony. 1998. We, they and identity: sequential versus identity-related explanation in code-switching. In Auer (ed.), pp. 262–89
Silva-Corvalán, Carmen. 1994. Language Contact and Change: Spanish in Los Angeles. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press
Simonini, R. C. Jr. 1956. Phonemic and analogic lapses in radio and television speech. American Speech 31: 252–63CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skutnabb-Kangas, Tove and Phillipson, Robert, with Rannut, Mart. 1994. Linguistic Human Rights. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Smith, John-Charles. 1998. Types and tokens in language change: some evidence from Romance. In R. Hickey and S. Puppel (eds.), Language History and Linguistic Modelling: a Festschrift for Jacek Fisiak on his 60 th Birthday. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 1099–111
Smith, John-Charles. 1999. Markedness and morphosyntactic change revisited. In S. Embelton, J. Joseph and H. Niederehe (eds.), The Emergence of the Modern Language Sciences. Studies on the transition from Historical-Comparative to Structural Linguistics in Honour of E. F. K. Koerner, vol 2: Methodological perspectives and applications. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 203–15
Smolicz, Jerzy J. 1979. Culture and Education in a Plural Society. Canberra: Curriculum Development Centre
Smolicz, Jerzy J. 1981. Core values and ethnic identity. Ethnic and Racial Studies 4: 75–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smolicz, Jerzy J. and Harris, Roger McD. 1976. Ethnic language and immigrant youth. In Clyne (ed.), pp. 131–75
Smolicz, Jerzy J. and Secombe, Margaret J. 1990. Language as a core value of culture among tertiary students of Chinese and Indian origin in Australia. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 1: 229–46Google Scholar
Smolicz, Jerzy J., Secombe, Margaret J. and Hunter, D. M. 2001. Family collectivism and minority languages as core values of culture among ethnic groups in Australia. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 22: 152–72CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sridhar, S. N. 1978. On the function of code-mixing in Kannada. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 16: 109–17Google Scholar
Stock, Heather. 1979. The Age Factor in Second Language Acquisition: German-speaking Postwar Migrants in South Australia. MA thesis, Monash University
Stoffel, Hans-Peter. 1981. The morphological adaptation of loanwords from English in New Zealand Serbo-Croatian. Wiener Slawistischer Almanach 7: 243–52Google Scholar
Stoffel, Hans-Peter. 1994. Dialect and standard language in a migrant situation: the case of New Zealand Croatian. New Zealand Slavonic Journal (Festschrift in honour of Patrick Waddington), 153–70
Stolt, Birgit. 1964. Die Sprachmischung in Luthers ‘Tischreden’. Stockholm: Almkvist and Wiksell
Stolz, Thomas. 1987. Kreolistik und Germanistik: Niederländisch-basierte Sprachformen in Übersee. Linguistische Berichte 110: 283–318Google Scholar
Sussex, Roland. 1982a. The phonetic interference of Australian English in Australian Polish. In Sussex (ed.), pp. 141–53
Sussex, Roland (ed.). 1982b. The Slavic Languages in Emigré Communities. Carbondale/ Edmonton: Linguistic Research
Szitás, Judit. 1998. Einflüsse des Deutschen auf die Muttersprache ungarischer Immigranten in Deutschland. MA thesis, Institut für deutsche Sprache und Literatur, Universität Köln
Tagliamonte, Sali and Hudson, Richard. 1999. ‘Be like’ et al. beyond America: the quotative system in British and Canadian youth. Journal of Sociolinguistics 3: 147–72CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tajfel, Henri. 1974. Social identity and intergroup behaviour. Social Science Information 13: 65–93CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takahara, Paul O. 1998. Functions of the English discourse marker ‘anyway’ and its corresponding contrastive Japanese discourse markers. In Jucker and Ziv (eds.), pp. 327–51
Tamis, Anastasios. 1986. The State of Modern Greek as Spoken in Victoria. PhD thesis, University of Melbourne
Tamis, Anastasios. 1988. The state of the Modern Greek language in Australia. In A. Kapardis and A. Tamis (eds.), Greeks in Australia. Melbourne: River Seine, pp. 67–93
Thomason, Sarah. Forthcoming. Contact as a source of language change. In R. Janda and B. Joseph (eds.), A Handbook of Historical Linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell
Thomason, Sarah and Kaufman, Terence. 1988. Language Contact, Creolization, and Genetic Linguistics. Berkeley: University of California Press
Thompson, Sandra. 1978. Modern English from a typological point of view: some indication of the function of word order. Linguistische Berichte 54: 19–35Google Scholar
Tompa, Józef. 1968. Ungarische Grammatik. The Hague: Mouton
Trask, Robert Lawrence (ed.). 2000. The Dictionary of Historical and Comparative Linguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
Treffers-Daller, Jeanine. 1994. Mixing Two Languages: French-Dutch Contact in a Comparative Perspective. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Treffers-Daller, Jeanine. 1998. Variability in code-switching styles: Turkish-German code-switching patterns. In Jacobson (ed.), pp. 177–98
Tsokalidou, Roula. 1994. Cracking the Code – an Insight into Code-switching and Gender among Second Generation Greek-Australians. PhD thesis, Monash University
Türker, Emel. 1998. The use of yap- in Turkish-Norwegian codeswitching. Panel paper at 9th International Conference on Turkish Linguistics, University of Oxford, 12–14 August 1998
Turpin, Danielle. 1998. ‘Le français: c'est le last frontier’: the status of English-origin nouns in Acadian French. International Journal of Bilingualism 2: 221–33CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uhmann, Stephen. 1998. Verbstellung in weil-Sätzen. Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft 17: 92–139Google Scholar
Valkhoff, M. F. 1972. New light on Afrikaans and ‘Malayo-Portuguese ’. Louvain: Editions Peeters Imprimerie Orientaliste
Veltman, Calvin. 1983. Language Shift in the United States. Berlin: Mouton
Vennemann, Theo. 1974. Topics, subjects and word order: from SXV to SVX via TVX. In J. Anderson and C. Jones (eds.), Historical Linguistics. Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Edinburgh, 2–7 September. Amsterdam: North Holland, pp. 339–76
Vennemann, Theo. 1975. An explanation of drift. In C. N. Li (ed.), Word Order and Word Order change. Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 269–305
Vignuzzi, Ugo. 1986. Why study Italian? In Bettoni (ed.), Altro Polo, pp. 171–204
Vosse, Theo and Kempen, Gerard. 1989. A hybrid model of human sentence processing: parsing right-branching, center-embedded and cross-serial dependencies. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Parsing Technologies. Cancun, Mexico
Vũ Thanh Phuöng 1981. The Acoustic and Perceptual Nature of Tone in Vietnamese. PhD thesis, Australian National University
Waas, Margit. 1996. Language Attrition Downunder. Frankfurt: Lang
Walters, Joel. 2001. Sociopragmatic processing in bilingual production and attrition. In Klatter-Folmer and van Avermaet (eds.), pp. 83–140
Warren, Jane. 1999. ‘Wogspeak’: the transformation of English in Melbourne. Journal of Australian Studies 62: 86–94Google Scholar
Weinreich, Uriel. 1953. Languages in Contact. New York: Linguistic Circle of New York
Weinreich, Uriel, Labov, William F. and Herzog, Marvin. 1968. Empirical foundations for a theory of language change. In W. P. Lehmann and Y. Malkiel (eds.), Directions for Historical Linguistics. Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 95–189
Wenskus, Otta. 1998. Emblematischer Codewechsel und Verwandtes in der lateinischen Prosa. Innsbruck: Universität Innsbruck
Weydt, Harald. 1969. Abtönungspartikeln. Die deutschen Modalwörter und ihre französischen Entsprechungen. Bad Homburg: Gehlen
Weydt, Harald (ed.). 1979. Die Partikeln der deutschen Sprache. Berlin: de Gruyter
Wheeldon, Linda R. and Levelt, W. J. M. 1985. Monitoring the time course of phonological encoding. Journal of Memory and Learning 34: 311–34CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whinnom, Keith. 1971. Linguistic hybridization and the ‘special’ case of pidgin and Creoles. In D. Hymes (ed.), Pidginization and Creolization of Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 91–116
Whitney, William D. 1981. On mixture in language. Transactions of the American Philological Society 12: 5–26Google Scholar
Wierzbicka, Anna. 1985. The double life of a bilingual. In R. Sussex and J. Zubrzycki (eds.), Polish People and Culture in Australia. Canberra: Department of Demography, ANU, pp. 187–223
Wierzbicka, Anna. 1986. Does language reflect culture? Evidence from Australian English. Language in Society 15: 349–74CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wierzbicka, Anna. 1991. Cross-Cultural Pragmatics. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Winter, Joanne. 2002. Discourse quotatives in Australian English: adolescents' performing voices. Australian Journal of Linguistics 23(1)Google Scholar
Winter, Joanne and Pauwels, Anne. 2000. Gender and language contact: research in the Australian context. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 21: 508–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woods, Anya V. 2000. The Medium or the Message: Issues in Faith and Language in Ethnic Churches. PhD thesis, Monash University
Wurzel, Wolfgang Ulrich. 1989. Inflectional Morphology and Naturalness. Dordrecht: Kluwer
Yaĝmur, Kutlay. 1997. First Language Attrition Among Turkish Speakers in Sydney. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press
Zheng, Lin. 1997. Tonal aspects of code-switching. Monash University Linguistic Papers 1(1): 53–63Google Scholar
Zheng, Lin. 2000. Code-switching in Second Generation Chinese-Australian students. PhD thesis, Monash University
Zipf, George K. 1948. Human Behavior and the Principle of the Least Effort. Cambridge, MA: Appleton Wesley
Zubin, David and Köpcke, Klaus-Michael. 1986. Gender and folk typology: the indexical relation between grammatical and lexical categorization. In C. G. Craig (ed.), Noun Classes and Categorization. Proceedings of a Symposium on Categorization and Noun Classification. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 139–80
Zuckermann, Ghil'ad. MS. The Survival of Yiddish beneath Israeli
Abandolo, Daniel Mario. 1988. Hungarian Inflectional Morphology. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
Adalar, Nevin and Tagliamonte, Sali. 1998. Borrowed nouns, bilingual people: the case of the ‘Londraolt’ in Northern Cyprus. International Journal of Bilingualism 2: 139–60CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Agar, Michael. 1994. Language Shock: Understanding the Culture of Conversation. New York: Wm. Morrow
Aikhenvald, Alexandra. 2000. Classifiers. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Aikhenvald, Alexandra. 2001. Language obsolescence: progress or decay? The emergence of new grammatical categories in ‘language death’. In D. and M. Bradley (eds.), Language Maintenance for Endangered Languages: an Active Approach. London: Routledge Curzon, pp. 14–55
Aikhenvald, Alexandra. 2002. Language Contact in Amazonia. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Aikhenvald, Alexandra. Forthcoming. Introduction. In R. M. W. Dixon and A. Aikhenvald (eds.), Evidentiality: A Cross-Linguistic Typology
Alfonzetti, Giovanna. 1998. The conversational dimension in code-switching between Italian and dialect in Sicily. In Auer (ed.), pp. 180–214
Allan, Keith. 1984. The component functions of the high rise terminal contour in Australian declarative sentences. Australian Journal of Linguistics 4: 19–32CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alvarez-Caccámo, Celso. 1998. From ‘switching code’ to ‘code-switching’: towards a reconceptualisation of communicative codes. In Auer (ed.), pp. 29–50
Ammerlaan, Tom. 1996. ‘You get a bit wobbly …’ Exploring Bilingual Lexical Retrieval Processes in the Context of First Language Attrition. Copyprint 2000, Enschede (PhD, Catholic University of Nijmegen)
Andersen, Roger. 1977. The impoverished state of cross-sectional morpheme acquisition/ accuracy methodology. Working Papers in Bilingualism 14: 47–82Google Scholar
Andersen, Roger. 1982. Pidginization and Creolization as Language Acquisition. Rowley, MA: Newbury House
Annamalai, E. 1989. The language factor in code-mixing. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 75: 47–54Google Scholar
Appel, René and Muysken, Pieter. 1987. Language Contact and Bilingualism. London: Edward Arnold
Aristar, Anthony. 1999. Typology and the Saussurean dichotomy. In Polomé and Justus (eds.), pp. 409–28
Aron, Albert W. 1930. The gender of English loanwords in colloquial American German. Language Monographs 7: 11–28Google Scholar
Auer, Peter. 1990. A discussion paper on code alternation. In European Science Foundation, Network on Code-Switching and Language Contact, Papers for the Workshop on Concepts, Methodology and Data, Basel, 12–13 January 1990, pp. 68–9Google Scholar
Auer, Peter (ed.). 1998. Code-switching in Conversation: Language, Interaction and Identity. London: Routledge
Avermaet, Piet and Klatter-Folmer, Jetske. 1998. The role of L2 self-assessment in language choice behaviour: Immigrant shift to Dutch in Flanders and the Netherlands. Te Reo 41: 137–52Google Scholar
Azuma, Tamiko and Bales, Kathryn A. 1998. Memory impairments underlying language difficulties in dementia. In R. B. Gillam (ed.), Memory and Language Impairment in Children and Adults: New Perspectives. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publishers, pp. 191–209
Bach, Emmon. 1962. The order of elements in a transformational grammar of German. Language 38: 263–9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bach, Emmon, Brown, Colin and Marslen-Wilson, William. 1986. Crossed and nested dependencies in German and DutchLanguage and Cognition Processes 1: 249–62CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Backus, Ad. 1996. Two in One: Bilingual Speech of Turkish Immigrants in the Netherlands. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press
Backus, Ad. 2000. Insertional code-switching in an immigrant language: ‘just’ borrowing or lexical reorientation?Bilingualism, Language and Cognition 3(2): 103–5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Backus, Ad. 2001. The evidence from Dutch-Turkish. In Jacobson (ed.), pp. 125–54
Bakker, Peter and Mous, Maarten (eds.). 1994. Mixed Languages: 15 Case Studies in Language Intertwining. Amsterdam: Institute for Functional Research into Language and Language Use (IFOTT)
Battison, Robin. 1978. Lexical Borrowing in American Sign Language. Silver Spring, MD: Linstock Press
Bavin, Edith and Shopen, Tim. 1985. Warlpiri and English: languages in contact. In Clyne (ed.), pp. 81–95
Bean, M. C. 1963. The Development of Word Order Patterns in Old English. London: Croom Helm
Belazi, Heidi M., Rubin, Edward J. and Toribio, Almeida J. 1994. Code-switching and X-bar theory: the functional head constraint. Linguistic Inquiry 25: 221–37Google Scholar
Beligan, Annemarie. 1999. Code-switching patterns in the speech of Romanian-English bilinguals. Monash University Linguistic Papers 2(1): 3–11Google Scholar
Benor, Sarah. 2000. Loanwords in the English of modern Orthodox Jews: Yiddish or Hebrew? In S. S. Change et al. (eds.) Proceedings of the Twenty-fifth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, 1999. Parasession on Loan Word Phenomena, pp. 287–98
Bentahila, Abdelali and Davies, Eileen. 1983. The syntax of Arabic-French code-switching. Lingua 59: 301–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berckel, J. A. T. M. van. 1962. Onderzoek woordfrequentie: resultaten, kranten. Rapport R 642, 2. Amsterdam: Mathematisch Centrum
Berend, Nina and Mattheier, Klaus J. (eds.). 1994. Sprachinselforschung. Eine Gedenkschrift für Hugo Jedig. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang
Bettoni, Camilla. 1981a. Italian in North Queensland. Townsville: James Cook University
Bettoni, Camilla. 1981b. Italian – maintenance or new language?Babel 17(2–3): 25–33Google Scholar
Bettoni, Camilla. 1985. Italian language attrition: a Sydney case study. In Clyne (ed.), pp. 63–79
Bettoni, Camilla. 1986. Italian language attrition in Sydney: the role of birth order. In C. Bettoni (ed.), Altro Polo: Italian Abroad. Sydney: Frederick May Foundation for Italian Studies, University of Sydney, pp. 61–85
Bettoni, Camilla. 1991. Other community languages. In M. Clyne (ed.), Linguistics in Australia: Trends in Research. Canberra: Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia, pp. 75–91
Bettoni, Camilla and Rubino, Antonia. 1996. Emigrazione e comportamento linguistico. Un'indagine sul trilinguismo dei siciliani e dei veneti in Australia. Np: Congedo Editore
Bickerton, Derek. 1981. Roots of Language. Ann Arbor: Karomi
Bierwisch, Manfred. 1963. Grammatik des deutschen Verbs (=Studia Grammatica II). Berlin: Akademie Verlag
Bierwisch, Manfred. 1966. Grammatik des deutschen Verbs. Berlin: Akademie Verlag
Bierwisch, Manfred and Schreuder, Robert. 1992. From concepts to lexical items. Cognition 42: 23–60CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birnbaum, Henrik. 1965. Balkanslavisch und Südslavisch: zur Reichweite der Balkanismen im südslavischen Sprachraum. Zeitschrift für Balkanologie 3: 12–63Google Scholar
Birnbaum, Henrik. 1966. On typology, affinity and Balkan linguistics. Zbornik za filologiju i lingvistiku 9: 17–30Google Scholar
Birnbaum, Henrik. 1999. On the relationship of typology and genealogy in language classification. In Polomé and Justus (eds.), vol. 2, pp. 397–408
Bisang, Walter. 1998. Grammaticalization and language contact construction and positions. In A. G. Ramat and P. Hopper (eds.), Limits of Grammaticalization. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Bleakley, Dell. 1966. Some grammatical aspects of the German of Hatton Vale. BA (Hons.) thesis, University of Queensland
Blum-Kulka, Shoshana, House, Juliane and Kasper, Gabriele. 1989. Investigating cross-cultural pragmatics: an introductory overview. In S. Blum-Kulka, J. House and G. Kasper (eds.), Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, pp. 1–34
Boeschoten, Hendrik. 1998. Codeswitching, codemixing and code alternation: what a difference. In Jakobson (ed.), pp. 15–25
Bokamba, Eyamba G. 1988. Code-mixing, language variation and linguistic theory. Lingua 76: 21–62CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bolonyai, Agnes. 1998. In-between languages: language shift/maintenance in childhood bilingualism. International Journal of Bilingualism 2(1): 21–44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bolonyai, Agnes. 2000. ‘Elective affinities’: language contact in the abstract lexicon and its structural consequences. International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 81–106CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boost, Karl. 1964. Neue Untersuchungen zum Wesen und zur Struktur des deutschen Satzes. Berlin: Akademie Verlag
Boumans, L. 2000. Periphrastic verb constructions in Moroccan Arabic/Dutch codeswitching. In A. Fenyvési and K. Sandor (eds.), Working Papers of the Bilingual Language Use Theme Group. Szeged, pp. 67–84
Bourdieu, P. 1982. The economics of linguistic exchanges. Social Science Information 16: 645–68CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourhis, Richard Y. 2001. Reversing language shift in Quebec. In Fishman (ed.) 2001a, pp. 101–41
Bourhis, Richard Y., Giles, Howard and Rosenthal, Doreen. 1981. Notes on the construction of a ‘subjective vitality questionnaire’ for ethnolinguistic groups. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 2: 145–55CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, Sally. 1997. Patterns of incorporation of lexemes in language contact: language typology or sociolinguistics? In G. Guy, C. Feagin, D. Schiffrin and J. Baugh (eds.), Towards a Social Science of Language, volume 2: Social Interaction and Discourse Structures. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 259–84
Boyd, Sally, Holmen, Anne and J⊘rgensen, J. Norman (eds.). 1994. Sprogbrug og sprogvalg blandt indvandrere i Norden. Copenhagen: Center for multikulturelle studier, Danmarks Lærerh⊘jskole
Broeder, Peter and Extra, Guus (eds.). 1999. Language, Ethnicity and Education. Case Studies on Immigrant Minority Groups and Immigrant Minority Languages. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Broeder, Peter, Extra, Guus, Habraken, Miranda, Hout, Roeland van and Keurentjes, Heleen. 1993. Taalgebruik als indicator van etniciteit. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press
Broersma, Mirjam. 2000. De triggertheorie voor codewisseling. De oorspronkelijke en enn aangepaste versie. MA thesis, Catholic University of Nijmegen
Brown, R. and Gilman, A. 1960. The pronouns of power and solidarity. In T. A. Sebeok (ed.), Style in Language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 253–76
Brown, Penelope and Levinson, Stephen. 1987. Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Budzhak-Jones, Svitlana. 1998. Against word-internal codeswitching: evidence from Ukrainian-English bilingualism. International Journal of Bilingualism 2: 161–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burridge, Kate. 1993. Syntactic Change in Germanic: Aspects of Language Change in Germanic with Particular Reference to Middle Dutch. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Campbell, Lyle and Muntzel, Martha C. 1989. The structural consequences of language death. In Dorian (ed.), pp. 181–96
Cavallaro, Francesco. 1997. Language Dynamics of the Italian Community in Australia. PhD thesis, Monash University
Cenoz, Jasone. 1999. Pauses and hesitation phenomena in sociolinguistic proof. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 127–8: 53–69Google Scholar
Cenoz, Jasone. 2001. The effect of linguistic distance, L2 status and age on cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition. In Cenoz, Hufeisen and Jessner (eds.), pp. 8–20
Cenoz, Jasone and Jessner, Ulrike (eds.). 2000. English in Europe: The Acquisition of a Third Language. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Cenoz, Jasone, Hufeisen, Britta and Jessner, Ulrike (eds.). 2001. Cross-Linguistic Influences in Trilingualism and Third Language Acquisition. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Chen, J. Y, Chen, T. M. and Dell, G. S. 2002. Word-form encoding in Mandarin Chinese. Journal of Memory and Language 46(4): 751–81CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chong-Woon, K. 1990. Code-switching in the Speech of Korean Migrants in Brisbane. PhD thesis, University of Queensland
Clissa, John Felix. 2001. The Fountain and the Squeezebox. West Perth: Picton Press
Clyne, Michael. 1967. Transference and Triggering. The Hague: Nijhoff
Clyne, Michael. 1968. Transference patterns among English-German bilinguals. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 2: 5–18CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1970a. Migrant English in Australia. In W. S. Ramson (ed.), English Transported. Canberra: A.N.U. Press, pp. 123–36
Clyne, Michael. 1970b. Bilingual speech phenomena (with special reference to German–English bilinguals in Victoria). Kivung 4: 99–111Google Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1970c. Some aspects of the bilingual language maintenance of Australian-born children of German-speaking parents. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 9: 35–47CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1972a. Perspectives on Language Contact. Melbourne: Hawthorn Press
Clyne, Michael. 1972b. Some (German–English) language contact phenomena at the discourse level. In E. S. Firchow, K. Grimstad and N. Hasselmo (eds.), Studies in Honor of Einar Haugen. The Hague: Mouton, pp. 132–44
Clyne, Michael. 1972c. Perception of code–switching by bilinguals: an experiment. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 16: 45–8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1975. Forschungsbericht Sprachkontakt. Kronberg: Scriptor
Clyne, Michael (ed.). 1976. Australia Talks. (=Pacific Linguistics, Series D, No. 23) Canberra: Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies
Clyne, Michael. 1977a. Nieuw Hollands or double Dutch. Dutch Studies 3: 1–20Google Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1977b. Bilingualism of the elderly. Talanya 4: 45–56Google Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1977c. Multilingualism and pidginization in Australian industry. Ethnic Studies 1: 40–55Google Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1980a. Typology and grammatical convergence among related languages in contact. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 49/50: 23–36CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1980b. Triggering and language processing. Canadian Journal of Psychology 34: 400–6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1981. ‘Second generation’ foreigner talk in Australia. In M. Clyne (ed.), Foreigner Talk (= International Journal of the Sociology of Language 28). The Hague: Mouton, pp. 69–80
Clyne, Michael. 1982. Multilingual Australia. Melbourne: River Seine (2nd edition, 1985)
Clyne, Michael (ed.). 1985. Australia, Meeting Place of Languages (=Pacific Linguistics C92). Canberra: Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies
Clyne, Michael. 1987. Constraints on code-switching – how universal are they?Linguistics 25: 739–64CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1991. Community Languages: The Australian Experience. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Clyne, Michael. 1992a. Introduction. In M. Clyne (ed.), Pluricentric Languages. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 1–8
Clyne, Michael. 1992b. Australian English in contact with other Englishes in Australia. In Rüdiger Ahrens and Heinz Antor (eds.), Text – Culture – Reception. Heidelberg: Winter, pp. 305–15
Clyne, Michael. 1993. Pragmatik, Textstruktur und kulturelle Werte. In Hartmut Schröder (ed.), Fachtextpragmatik. Tübingen: Narr, pp. 3–18
Clyne, Michael. 1994a. What can we learn from Sprachinseln? Some observations on ‘Australian German’. In K. Mattheier and N. Berend (eds.), Sprachinseln. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, pp. 105–22
Clyne, Michael. 1994b. Inter-Cultural Communication at Work. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Clyne, Michael. 1995. The German Language in a Changing Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Clyne, Michael. 1996. Sprache, Sprachbenutzer und Sprachbereich. In Goebl et al. (eds.), vol. 1(1), pp. 12–22
Clyne, Michael. 1997a. The speech of third generation German–English bilinguals in Australia. In W. Wölck and A. de Houwer (eds.), Recent Studies in Contact Linguistics. Bonn: Dümmler, pp. 36–43
Clyne, Michael. 1997b. Some of the things trilinguals do. International Journal of Bilingualism 1(2): 95–116CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael. 1999. Australische Sprachgegenwart und österreichische Sprachgeschichte. Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede. In M. Pümpel-Mader and B. Schönherr (eds.), Sprache. Kultur. Geschichte. Sprachhistorische Studien zum Deuts chen. Innsbruck: Institut für Germanistik, pp. 395–408
Clyne, Michael. 2000. What is it that is special about trilinguals? In A. Grotans, H. Beck and A. Schwob (eds.), De consolatione philologicae. Göppingen: Kümmerle, pp. 585–96
Clyne, Michael. 2001. Can the shift from immigrant languages be reversed in Australia? In Fishman (2001a), pp. 364–390
Clyne, Michael. Forthcoming. Towards a more language-centered view of plurilingualism. In J.-M. Dewaele and Li Wei (eds.), Festschrift for Hugo Baetens-Beardsmore. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Clyne, Michael and Cain, Helen. 2000. Trilingualism in related languages – Dutch–German–English near and far. In G. Hirschfelder, D. Schell and A. Schrutka-Rechtenstamm (eds.), Kulturen – Spra chen – Übergänge. Festschrift für H. L. Cox zum 65. Geburtstag. Cologne: Böhlau, pp. 135–52
Clyne, Michael, Eisikovits, Edina and Tollfree, Laura. 2001. Ethnic varieties of Australian English. In D. Blair (ed.), English in Australia. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 223–38
Clyne, Michael, Fernandez, Sue, Chen, Imogen and Summo-O'Connell, Renata. 1997. Background Speakers. Canberra: Language Australia
Clyne, Michael and Kipp, Sandra. 1997. Trends and changes in home language use and shift in Australia. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 18: 451–73CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clyne, Michael and Kipp, Sandra. 1998. Language concentrations in metropolitan areas. People and Place 6(2): 50–60Google Scholar
Clyne, Michael and Kipp, Sandra. 1999. Pluricentric Languages in an Immigrant Context: Spanish, Chinese, Arabic. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Clyne, Michael and Mocnay, Eugenia. 1999. Zur ungarisch-deutsch-englischen Dreisprachigkeit in Australien. In K. Bührig and Y. Matras (eds.), Sprachtheorie und sprachliches Handeln. Festschrift für Jochen Rehbein zum 60. Geburtstag. Tübingen: Stauffenburg, pp. 159–69
Coakes, Sheridan J. and Steed, Lyndall G. 1997. SPSS Analysis without Analysis. Brisbane: Wiley
Conklin, Nancy F. and Lourie, Margaret A. 1983. A Host of Tongues: Language Communities in the United States. New York: Free Press
Connor, Ulla and Kaplan, Robert B. (eds.). 1987. Writing Across Cultures. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley
Costa, Albert. and Caramazza, Alfonso. 1999. Is lexical selection in bilingual speech production language-specific?Bilingualism 2(3): 231–43CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coulmas, Florian. 1992. Die Wirtschaft mit der Sprache. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp
Crawford, James. 2001. News from the USA Census, 2000: few surprises. Bilingual Family Newsletter 18: 3Google Scholar
Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena. 1999. Prosodic mixing: strategies in multilingual language acquisition. International Journal of Bilingualism 3: 1–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Csernicskó, István and Fenyvési, Anna. 2000. The sociolinguistic stratification of Hungarian in Subcarpathia. Multilingua 19: 95–122CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daan, Jo. 1970. Bilingualism of Dutch immigrants in the U.S.A. In V. Lange and H. Roloff (eds.), Dichtung. Sprache. Gesellschaft. Akten des IV. Internationales Germanisten-Kongresses 1970 in Princeton, pp. 205–13
Dal Negro, Silvia. n.d. Mantimento, variazione e morte della lingua nel Walser di Formazza. Doctoral dissertation, Università degli Studi di Pavia
Dalton, Lorraine, Edwards, Sandra, Farquarson, Rosaleen, Oscar, Sarah and McConvell, Patrick. 1995. Gurindji children's language and language maintenance. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 113: 83–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawkins, John. 1991a. Australia's Language: The Australian Language and Literacy Policy. Canberra: AGPS
Dawkins, John. 1991b. Australia's Language: The Australian Language and Literacy Policy. Companion volume. Canberra: AGPS
De Angelis, Gessica and Selinker, Larry. 2001. Interlanguage transfer and competing linguistic systems in the multilingual mind. In Cenoz, Hufeisen and Jessner (eds.), pp. 42–58
Bot, Kees. 1992. A bilingual production model: Levelt's ‘speaking’ model adapted. Applied Linguistics 13: 1–24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Bot, Kees. 1998. The psycholinguistics of language loss. In Extra and Verhoeven (eds.), pp. 345–61
Bot, Kees. 2000. Sociolinguistics and language processing mechanisms. Sociolinguistica 14: 74–7Google Scholar
De Bot, Kees. 2001. Language use as an interface between sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic processes in language attrition and language shift. In J. Klatter-Folmer and P. van Avermaet (eds.), Theories of maintenance and loss of minority languages. Münster: Waxmann, 65–82
Bot, Kees and Clyne, Michael. 1989. Language reversion revisited, Studies in Second Language Acquisition 9: 167–77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bot, Kees and Clyne, Michael. 1994. A 16-year longitudinal study of language attrition in Dutch immigrants in Australia. Journal of Multicultural and Multilingual Development 15: 17–28CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Bot, Kees and Schreuder, Robert. 1993. Word production and the bilingual lexicon. In Robert Schreuder and Bert Weltens (eds.), The Bilingual Lexicon. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 191–214
Bot, Kees and Stoessel, Sassia. 2000. In search of yesterday's words: reactivating a long forgotten language. Applied Linguistics 21(3): 364–88Google Scholar
De Groot, Annette M. B. and Kroll, Judith F. (eds.). 1997. Tutorials in Bilingualism: Psycholinguistic Perspectives. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
De Rooij, J. 1987. Variatie en Norm in de Standardtaal. Amsterdam: Publikaties van het P. J. Meertens Instituut. Vol 7
De Rooij, J. 1988. Van ‘hebben’ naar ‘zijn’. Amsterdam: P. J. Meertens-Instituut
De Vries, John. 1999. Foreign born language acquisition and shift. In S. Halli and L. Driedger (eds.), Immigrant Canada: Demographic, Economic and Social Challenges. Toronto: University of Toronto Press
Dell, Gary. 1986. A spreading activation theory of retrieval in sentence production. Psychological Review 93: 283–321CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dell, Gary. 1995. Speaking and misspeaking. In L. Gleitman and M. Liberman (eds.), Language: An Invitation to Cognitive Science, vol. 1 (2nd edition). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 183–208
Dell, Gary and Reich, Peter A. 1980. Toward a unified model of slips of the tongue. In V. Fromkin (ed.), Errors in Linguistic Performance. New York: Academic Press, pp. 273–86
Dewaele, Jean-Marc. 1998. Lexical interventions: French interlanguage as L2 versus L3. Applied Linguistics 19(4): 471–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dewaele, Jean-Marc. 2001. Activation or inhibition? The interaction of L1, L2 and L3 on the language mode continuum. In Cenoz, Hufeisen and Jessner (eds.), pp. 69–89
Dil, Anwar (ed.). 1980. Language and Linguistic Areas. Stanford: Stanford University Press
Di Sciullo, Annemarie, Muysken, Pieter and Singh, Rajendra. 1986. Code-mixing and government. Journal of Linguistics 22: 1–24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dixon, R. M. W. 1980. The Languages of Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Dixon, R. M. W. 1997. The Rise and Fall of Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Döpke, Susanne. 1992. One parent one language – an interactional approach. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Donaldson, Bruce. 1981 (1987). Dutch Reference Grammar. ‘s-Gravenhage: Nijhoff
Dorian, Nancy. 1977. The problem of the semi-speaker in language death. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 12: 23–32Google Scholar
Dorian, Nancy. 1981. Language Death: The Life Cycle of a Scottish Gaelic Dialect. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
Dorian, Nancy (ed.). 1989. Investigating Obsolescence. Studies in Language Contraction and Death. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Dorian, Nancy. 1994. Stylistic variation in a language restricted to private-sphere use. In D. Biber and E. Finegan (eds.), Sociolinguistic Perspectives on Registers. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 217–32
Dorian, Nancy. 1999. The study of language obsolescence: stages, surprises, challenges. Languages and Linguistics 3: 99–122Google Scholar
Drach, Erich. 1937 (1963). Grundlagen der deutschen Satzlehre. Wiesbaden: Wissen-schaftliche Buchgesellschaft
Dufour, Robert. 1997. Sign language and bilingualism: modality implications for bilingual language representation. In de Groot and Kroll (eds.), pp. 301–30
Duranti, Alessandro and Reynolds, Jennifer F. 2000. Phonological and cultural innovations in the speech of Samoans in Southern California. Estudios de Sociolinguistica 1: 93–110Google Scholar
Durie, Mark. 1995. Towards an understanding of the linguistic evolution of the notion of ‘X has a function Y’. In W. Abraham, T. Givón and S. Thompson (eds.), Discourse Grammar and Typology: Papers in Honor of J. W. M. Verhaar. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 275–308
Durović, Lubomir. 1983. The case systems in the language of diaspora children. Slavica Lundensia 9: 21–94Google Scholar
Durrell, Martin. 1971 [1996]. Hammer's German Grammar and Usage. 3rd edition. London: Arnold
Durrell, Martin. 1992. Using German. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Duszak, Anna (ed.) 1997. Culture and Styles of Academic Discourse. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Ebbinghaus, Hermann. 1885. Über das Gedächtnis. Leipzig: Duncker und Humblot
Edwards, John. 1992. Sociopolitical aspects of language maintenance and loss: towards a typology of minority language situations. In W. Fase, K. Jaspaert and S. Kroon (eds.), The Maintenance and Loss of Minority languages. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 37–54
Edwards, John. 1994. Multilingualism. London: Routledge
Els, Theo van. 1985. An overview of European research on language attrition. In B. Weltens, K. de Bot and T. van Els (eds.), Language Attrition in Progress. Dordrecht, Holland: Foris, pp. 3–19
Emeneau, Murray B. 1980a. India and linguistic areas. In Dil (ed.), pp. 120–65
Emeneau, Murray B. 1965/1980b. Dravidian and Indo-Aryan: the Indian linguistic area. In Dil (ed.), pp. 167–96
Endrody, Tibor. 1971. Prepositional Interference and Deviation in Migrant German and Migrant Hungarian. MA thesis, Monash University
Extra, Guus. 1978. Eerste- en tweede-taalverwerving. Muiderberg: Coutinho
Extra, Guus and Verhoeven, Ludo (eds.). 1993a. Community Languages in the Netherlands. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press
Extra, Guus and Verhoeven, Ludo (eds.). 1993b. Immigrant languages in Europe. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Eze, Ejike. 1998. Lending credence to a borrowing analysis: lone English-origin incorporation in Igbo discourse. International Journal of Bilingualism 2: 183–202CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fenyvési, Anna. 1994. Language Contact and Language Death in an Immigrant Language: The Case of Hungarian. Unpublished MA thesis, University of Pittsburgh
Ferguson, Charles. 1959. Diglossia, Word 15: 325–44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fishman, Joshua A. 1967. Bilingualism with or without diglossia: diglossia with or without bilingualism. Journal of Social Issues 23: 29–38CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fishman, Joshua A. 1977. The social science perspective: keynote. In J. A. Fishman (ed.), Bilingual Education: Current Perspectives. Washington, DC: Georgetown University, pp. 1–49
Fishman, Joshua A. 1987. Post-exilic Jewish languages and pidgins/creoles. Multilingua 6: 7–24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fishman, Joshua A. 1988. ‘English only’ – its ghosts, myths and dangers. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 74: 125–40Google Scholar
Fishman, Joshua A. 1989. Language and Ethnicity in Minority Sociolinguistic Perspective. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Fishman, Joshua A. 1991. Reversing Language Shift. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Fishman, Joshua A. 1997. In Praise of the Beloved Language. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Fishman, Joshua A. (ed.). 2001a. Can Threatened Languages Be Saved? Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Fishman, Joshua A. 2001b. A decade in the life of a two-in-one language. In Fishman (ed.), pp. 74–100
Fishman, Joshua A. 2001c. From theory to practice (and vice versa). In Fishman (ed.), pp. 451–83
Fishman, Joshua A., Nahirny, Vladimir C., Hofman, John E. and Hayden, Robert G. (eds.). 1966. Language Loyalty in the United States. The Hague: Mouton
Fishman, Joshua A., Gertner, Michael H., Lowy, Esther G. and Milán, William G. 1985. The Rise and Fall of the Ethnic Revival. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Fodor, Jerry A., Garrett, Merrill and Bever, Thomas G. 1968. Some syntactic determinants of sentential complexity. II – verb structure. Perception and Psychophysics 8: 215–21Google Scholar
Foolen, Ad. 1993. De betekenis van partikels. PhD thesis, University of Nijmegen
Franck, Dorothea. 1979. Abtönungspartikeln und Interaktionsmanagement. Tendenziöse Fragen. In Weydt (ed.), pp. 3–13
Fuller, Janet. 2000. Morpheme types in a ML turnover. International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 45–58CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fuller, Janet and Lehnert, Heike. 2000. Noun phrase structure in German-English code-switching. International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 399–420CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gafaranga, Joseph. 2000. Medium repair versus other language-repair, International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 327–50CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gal, Susan. 1979. Language Shift: Social Determinants of Linguistic Change in Bilingual Austria. New York: Academic Press
Galbally, Frank. 1978. Report on Post-Arrival Services and Programs for Migrants. Canberra: AGPS
García, Ofelia, Morin, Jose Luis and Rivera, Klaudia. 2001. How threatened is the Spanish of New York Puerto Ricans? In Fishman (ed.), pp. 44–73
Gardner-Chloros, Penelope. 1991. Language Selection and Switching in Strasbourg. Oxford: Clarendon Press
Gardner-Chloros, Penelope. 1995. Code-switching in community, regional and national repertoires: the myth of discreteness of linguistic systems. In Milroy and Muysken (eds.), pp. 68–89
Gardner-Chloros, Penelope, Moyer, Melissa, Sebba, Mark and Hout, Roeland. 1999. Toward standardizing and sharing bilingual data. International Journal of Bilingualism 3(4): 395–424CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gass, Susan M. 1997. Input, Interaction and the Second Language Learner. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
Ghafar Samar, Reza and Meechan, Marjory. 1998. The Null Theory of codeswitching versus the Nonce Borrowing Hypothesis. International Journal of Bilingualism 2: 203–20CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giacalone Ramat, Anna. 1983. Che cosa può offrire lo studio delle lingue in via di riduzione alle ricerche sull'acquisizione delle lingue straniere? In M. Dardano (ed.), Parallela (= Akten d.2.Österr. – it. Linguistentreffens). Tübingen: Narr, pp. 337–51
Giacalone Ramat, Anna. 1995. Code-switching in the context of dialect/standard language relations. In Milroy and Muysken (eds.), pp. 45–68
Giesbers, Herman. 1989. Code-switching tussen dialect en standaardtaal. Amsterdam: P. J. Meertens-Instituut
Gilbert, Glenn. 1965. Dative vs. accusative in the German dialects of Texas. Zeitschrift für Mundartforschung. 32(3–4): 288–96Google Scholar
Gilbert, Glenn. 1970. The phonology, morphology and lexicon of a German text from Fredericksburg, Texas. In Gilbert (ed.), Texas Studies in Bilingualism. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 63–105
Giles, Howard (ed.). 1997. Language, Ethnicity and Intergroup Relations. London: Academic Press
Giles, Howard, Bourhis, Richard Y. and Taylor, Donald M. 1977. Toward a theory of language in ethnic group relations. In Giles (ed.), pp. 307–48
Giles, Howard and Powesland, Peter. 1975. Speech Style and Social Evaluation. London: Academic Press
Giles, Howard, Rosenthal, Doreen and Young, Louis. 1985. Perceived ethnolinguistic vitality: the Anglo- and Greek-Australian setting. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 6: 253–69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Givón, Talmy. 1971. Historical syntax and synchronic morphology: an archaeologist's fieldtrip. Papers from the 7th regional meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, pp. 394–415
Givón, Talmy. 1976. On the VS word order in Israeli Hebrew: pragmatics and typological change. In P. Cole (ed.), Papers in Hebrew Syntax. Amsterdam: North Holland, pp. 153–81
Givón, Talmy. 1979. On Understanding Grammar. New York: Academic Press
Goebl, Hans, Nelde, Peter, Starý, Zdenek and Wölck, Wolfgang (eds.). 1997. Handbook of Contact Linguistics. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Goffman, Erving. 1981. Radio talk. In E. Goffman (ed.), Forms of Talk. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, pp. 197–330
Gold, David L. 1981. The speech and writing of Jews. In C. Ferguson and S. Heath (eds.), Language in the USA. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 273–93
Goldman-Eisler, Frieda. 1968. Psycho linguistics. London: Academic Press
Gonzo, Susan and Saltarelli, Mario. 1983. Pidginization and linguistic change in emigrant languages. In R. Andersen (ed.), Pidginization and Creolization as Language Acquisition. Rowley: Newbury House, pp. 181–97
Goss, Emily and Salmons, Joseph. 2000. The evolution of a bilingual discourse marking system: modal particles and English markers in German-American dialects. International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 469–84CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, David. 1986. Control, activation and resource: a framework and a model for the control of speech in bilinguals. Brain and Language 27: 210–23CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, David. 1993. Towards a model of L2 comprehension and production. In Schreuder and Weltens (eds.), The Bilingual Lexicon. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 249–77
Green, David. 1998. Mental control of the bilingual lexico-semantic system. Bilingualism, Language and Cognition 1: 67–81CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenberg, Joseph H. 1963. Some universals of grammar with particular reference to the order of meaningful elements. In J. Greenberg (ed.), Universals of Language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 73–113
Grin, François. 1996. Economic approaches to language and language planning: an introduction. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 121: 1–16CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grosjean, François. 1982. Life with Two Languages. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Grosjean, François. 1988. Exploring the recognition of guest words in bilingual speech. Language and Cognitive Processes 3: 233–74CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grosjean, François. 1995. A psycholinguistic approach to code-switching: the recognition of guest words by bilinguals. In Milroy and Muysken (eds.), pp. 259–75
Grosjean, François. 1997. Processing mixed language. In de Groot and Kroll (eds.), pp. 225–54
Grosjean, François. 1998. Studying bilinguals: methodological and conceptual issues. Bilingualism, Language and Cognition 1: 131–49CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grosjean, François. 2001. The bilingual's language modes. In Nicol (ed.), pp. 1–22
Gumperz, John J. 1964. Hindi-Punjabi code-switching in Delhi. Proceedings of the 9th International Congress of Linguists. Cambridge, MA, The Hague: Mouton, pp. 115–24
Gumperz, John J. 1976. The Sociolinguistic Significance of Conversational Code-Switching (=University of California Working Papers 46). Berkeley: University of California
Gumperz, John J. 1982. Discourse Strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Gumperz, John J. and Wilson, Robert. 1971. Convergence and creolization: a case from the Indo-Aryan/ Dravidian border. In D. Hymes (ed.), Pidginization and Creolization of Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 151–68
Guy, Gregory and Vonwiller, Jan. 1989. The high rising tone in Australian English. In P. Collins and D. Blair (eds.), Australian English. The Language of a New Society. Brisbane: University of Queensland Press, pp. 21–34
Haas, Mary. 1953. Results of the conference of anthropologists and linguists. Introduction to Chapter III. Supplement to: International Journal of American Linguistics 19: 42–43Google Scholar
Häcki-Buhofer, Annelies and Burger, Harald. 1998. Wie deutschschweizer Kinder Hochdeutsch lernen (ZDL-Beiheft 98). Stuttgart: Steiner
Haeringen, C. B. van. n.d. Nederlands tussen Duits en Engels. The Hague: Servire
Haig, Geoffrey. 2001. Linguistic diffusion in present-day Anatolia: from top to bottom. In A. Aikhenvald and R. M. W. Dixon (eds.), Areal Diffusion and Genetic Inheritance: Problems in Comparative Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Håkansson, Gisela. 2001. Tense morphology and verb-second in Swedish L1 children, L2 children and children with SLI. Bilingualism, Language and Cognition 4: 85–99CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halmari, Helena. 1997. Government and Codeswitching: Explaining American Finnish. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Hammarberg, Bjorn. 2001. Roles of L1 and L2 in L3 production and acquisition. In Cenoz et al. (eds.), pp. 21–41
Hansen, Marcus Lee. 1962. The third generation in America. Commentary 14: 492–500Google Scholar
Harris, Alice C. and Campbell, Lyle. 1995. Historical Syntax in Cross-Linguistic Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Hartung, Wolfdietrich. 1964. Die zusammengesetzte Sätze des Deutschen (=Studia Grammatica 4). Berlin: Akademie Verlag
Harvey, Susan. 1974. National language usage among Dutch and Polish immigrant children. In D. Edgar (ed.), Social Change in Australia. Melbourne: Cheshire, pp. 131–44
Hasselmo, Nils. 1961. American Swedish. PhD dissertation, Harvard University
Hasselmo, Nils. 1974. Amerikasvenska. Lund: Esselte
Haugen, Einar. 1953. The Norwegian Language in America. 2 vols. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
Haugen, Einar. 1956. Bilingualism in the Americas. Alabama: American Dialect Society
Haugen, Einar. 1973. Bilingualism, language contact and immigrant languages in the United States. Current Trends in Linguistics 10: 505–91. The Hague: Mouton
Haugen, Einar, McClure, J. Derrick and Thomson, Derick (eds). 1980. Minority Languages Today. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
Hawkins, John. 1986. Comparative Typology of English and German. London: Croom Helm
Hebart, Theodor. 1938. Die Vereinigte Evangelisch-Lutherischje Kirche in Australien. North Adelaide: Lutheran Publishing House
Heidolph, Karl Erich. 1964. Einfacher Satz und Kernsatz im Deutschen. Acta Linguistica Hungarica 14: 97–109Google Scholar
Henzl, Vera M. 1980. American Czech: a comparative study of the linguistic modifications in immigrant and young children speech. In Sussex (ed.), pp. 33–46
Hermans, Daan, Bongaerts, Theo, Bot, Kees and Schreuder, Robert. 1998. Producing words in a foreign language: can speakers prevent interference from the first language?Bilingualism, Language and Cognition 1: 213–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herwig, Anna. 2001. Plurilingual lexical organization: evidence from lexical processing in L1–L2–L3–L4 translation. In Cenoz et al. (eds.), pp. 115–137
Hinrichs, Uwe. 1979. Partikelgebrauch und Identität am Beispiel des deutschen Ja. In Weydt (ed.), pp. 256–68
Hirst, John. 2001. More or less diversity. In H. Irving (ed.), The Barton Lectures: Unity and Diversity. Sydney: NSW Centenary of Federation and ABC
Hlavac, Jim. 1999. Phonological integration of English transfers in Croatian: evidence from the Croatian speech of second generation Croatian-Australians. Filologija 32: 39–73Google Scholar
Hlavac, Jim. 2000. Croatian in Melbourne: lexicon, switching and morphosyntactic features in the speech of second-generation bilinguals. PhD thesis, Monash University
Ho-Dac, Tuc. 1996. Languages in contact: Vietnamese-English code-switching in Melbourne. PhD thesis, Monash University
Ho-Dac, Tuc. 2002. Vietnamese-English Bilingualism. Patterns of Code-Switching. London: Routledge Curzon
Hoffmann, Charlotte. 2001. Towards a description of trilingual competence. International Journal of Bilingualism 5: 1–17CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, Janet. 1992. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. London: Longman
House, Juliane and Kasper, Gabriele. 1981. Politeness markers in English and German. In F. Coulmas (ed.), Conversational Routine. Explorations in Standardized Communication Situations and Prepatterned Speech. The Hague: Mouton, pp. 157–85
Hufeisen, Britta. 1991. Englisch als erste und Deutsch als zweite Fremdsprache. Frankfurt: Lang
Huffines, Marion Lois. 1989. Case usage among the Pennsylvania German sectarians and nonsectarians. In Dorian (ed.), pp. 211–26
Hulsen, Madeleine. 2000. Language loss and language processing: three generations of Dutch migrants in New Zealand. PhD thesis, University of Nijmegen
Hyman, Larry M. 1975. On the change from SOV to SVO: evidence from Niger-Congo. In C. N. Li (ed.), Word Order Change. Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 113–47
Isačenko, Alexander. 1965. Das syntaktische Verhältnis der Bezeichnung von Körperteilen im deutschen. Studia Grammatica 5: 7–27Google Scholar
Jacobs, Neil. 1996. On the investigation of 1920s Vienna Jewish speech. American Journal of Germanic Linguistics and Literatures 8: 177–217CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobson, Rodolfo (ed.). 1998. Codeswitching Worldwide. New York: Mouton de Gruyter
Jacobson, Rodolfo (ed.). 2001. Codeswitching Worldwide 2. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Jake, Janice. 1994. Intrasentential code-switching and pronouns: on the categorial status of functional elements. Linguistics 32: 271–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jake, Janice and Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1997. Codeswitching and compromise strategies: implications for lexical structure. International Journal of Bilingualism 1: 25–39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jake, Janice, Myers-Scotton, Carol and Gross, Steven. 2002. Making a minimalist approach to codeswitching work: adding the Matrix Language. Bilingualism, Language and Cognition 5: 69–91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaspaert, Koen and Kroon, Sjaak. 1988. Social Determinants of Language Shift by Italians in the Netherlands and Flanders. Paper delivered at the International Workshop in the Loss and Maintenance of Minority Languages, Noordwijkerhout, August 1988
Jescheniak, Jörg D. and Schriefers, Hebert. 1997. Lexical access in speech production: serial or cascaded processing?Language and Cognition Processes 12: 847–52CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johanson, Lars. 1992. Strukturelle Faktoren in türkischen Sprachkontakten. Stuttgart: Steiner
Johanson, Lars. 1999. The dynamics of code-copying in language encounters. In E. Lanza Brendemoen and E. Ryen (eds.), Language Encounters Across Time and Space. Oslo: Novus Press, pp. 37–62
Jucker, Andreas and Smith, Sara W. 1998. And people just you know like ‘wow’: discourse markers as negotiating strategies. In Jucker and Ziv (eds.), pp. 171–201
Jucker, Andreas and Ziv, Yael (eds.). 1998. Discourse Markers. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Jutronić, Dunja. 1974. The Serbo-Croatian language in Steelton, PA. General Linguistics 14: 15–34Google Scholar
Kachru, Braj. 1978. Toward structuring code-mixing: an Indian perspective. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 16: 27–46Google Scholar
Kachru, Braj. 1983. On mixing. In B. Kachru (ed.), The Indianization of English. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, pp. 193–207
Kaminskas, Gintas. 1972. Melbourne Spanish. MA thesis, Monash University
Kasper, Gabriele. 1981. Pragmatische Aspekte in der Interimsprache. Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag
Kasper, Gabriele and Blum-Kulka, Shoshana (eds.). 1994. Interlanguage Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Katsikis, Mary. 1993. Language Attitudes, Ethnicity and Language Maintenance: the Case of Second Generation Greek-Australians. BA (Hons) thesis, Department of Linguistics, Monash University
Katsikis, Mary. 1997. The Generation Gap: an Insight into the Language and Cultural Maintenance of Third Generation Greek-Australians. MA thesis, Department of Linguistics, Monash University
Keel, William D. 1994. Reduction and loss of case marking in the noun phrase in German-American speech islands: internal development or external interference? In Berend and Mattheier (eds.), pp. 93–104
Keenan, Edward. 1978. Language variation and the logical structure of universal grammar. In Hans-Jakob Seiler (ed.), Language Universals. Tübingen: Narr, pp. 89–123
Kenny, K. Dallas. 1996. Language Loss and the Crisis of Cognition. The Hague: Mouton
Kiefer, Ferenc. 1988. Modal particles as discourse markers in questions. Acta Linguistica Hungarica 38: 107–25Google Scholar
Kinder, John J. 1986. The verbal marking of interference in New Zealand Italian. In Bettoni (ed.), pp. 87–104
Kipp, Sandra. 1980. German language maintenance and shift in some rural settlements. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 28: 69–80Google Scholar
Kipp, Sandra. 2002. German–English bilingualism in the Western District of Victoria. PhD thesis, University of Melbourne
Kipp, Sandra, Clyne, Michael and Pauwels, Anne. 1995. Immigration and Australia's Language Resources. Canberra: AGPS
Kjær, I. and Baumann-Larsen, M. 1974. De messy ting. In P. Andersen (ed.), Festschrift til Kristian Hals. Copenhagen: Akademisk Forlag, pp. 421–30
Klarberg, Manfred. 1976. Identity and communication: maintenance of Hebrew, decline of Yiddish. In Clyne (ed.), pp. 89–102
Klarberg, Manfred. 1983. The Effect of Ideology on Language Teaching. PhD thesis, Monash University
Klatter-Folmer, Jetske. 1995. Language shift and loss in a third generation Dutch family in New Zealand. In Klatter-Folmer and Kroon (eds.), pp. 195–214
Klatter-Folmer, Jetske and Kroon, Sjaak (eds.). 1995. Dutch Overseas. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press
Klatter-Folmer, Jetske and Avermaet, Piet van (eds.). 2001. Theories on Maintenance and Loss of Minority Languages. Münster: Waxmann
Klavans, Judith L. 1983. The syntax of code-switching. In L. D. King and C. A. Maley (eds.), Selected Papers from the 13 th Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages. Vol. 36. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 213–31
Kloss, Heinz. 1966. German American language maintenance efforts. In Fishman et al. (eds.), pp. 206–52
Kloss, Heinz. 1969. Research Possibilities in Group Bilingualism. Québec: International Center for Research on Bilingualism
König, Ekkehard, Stark, Detlef and Requardt, Susanne. 1990. Adverbien und Partikeln: ein deutsch-englisches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Groos
Kontra, Miklós. 1990. Fejezetek a South Bend-i Magyár Nyelvhasználatból. Budapest: MTA Nyelvtudomanyi Intézete
Kouzmin, Ludmilla. 1973. The Russian Language in an Australian Environment: a Descriptive Analysis of English Lexical Interference in the Speech of Bilingual Russian Migrants. PhD thesis, University of Melbourne
Kovács, Magdolna. 2001. Code-switching and Language Shift in Australian Finnish in Comparison with Australian Hungarian. Äbo: Äbo University Press
Krashen, Stephen D. 1982. Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Learning. Oxford: Pergamon
Kurtböke, Petek. 1998a. A Corpus-driven Study of Turkish-English Language Contact in Australia. PhD thesis, Monash University
Kurtböke, Petek. 1998b. Non-equivalence of delexicalized verbs in bilingual dictionaries. In Thierry Fontenelle et al. (eds.), EURALEX '98 Proceedings. Belgium: University of Liège, vol. 2, pp. 397–404
Lalor, Erin and Kirsner, Kim. 2000. Cross-lingual transfer effects between English and Italian cognates and non-cognates. International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 385–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lalor, Olga and Blanc, Michel. 1988. Language use in a bilingual Adyge-Russian community. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 9: 411–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larmouth, Donald. 1974. Differential interference in American Finnish cases. Language 50: 356–66CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lehmann, Winfred P. 1974. Proto-Indo-European Syntax. Austin: University of Texas Press
Lehmann, Winfred P. 1978. Syntactic Typology. Austin: University of Texas Press
Levelt, W. J. M. 1983. Monitoring and self-repair in speech. Cognition 14: 41–104CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levelt, W. J. M. 1989. Speaking. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
Levelt, W. J. M., Roelofs, Ardi and Meyer, Antje S. 1999. A theory of lexical access in speech production. Behavioural and Brain Sciences 22: 1–75CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Li, David C. S. 2001. L2 lexis in L1: reluctance to translate out of concern for referential meaning. Multilingua 20: 1–26CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li Wei. 1998a. Three Generations, Two Languages, One Family: Language Choice and Language Shift in a Chinese Community in Britain. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Li Wei. 1998b. The ‘why’ and ‘how’ questions in the analysis of conversational code-switching. In Auer (ed.), pp. 156–79
Lo Bianco, Joseph. 1987. National Policy on Languages. Canberra: AGPS
Lo Bianco, Joseph. 2000. Policy literacy. Language and Education 15: 122–7Google Scholar
Lockwood, W. B. 1968. Historical German Syntax. Oxford: Clarendon Press
Loránd, Benko and Samu, Imre. 1972. The Hungarian Language. The Hague: Mouton
LOTE Strategy Plan 1993. Melbourne: Victorian Department of Education
Louden, Mark L. 1994. Syntactic change in multilingual speech islands. In Berend and Mattheier (eds.), pp. 73–92
Lucas, Ceil and Valli, Clayton. 1989. Language contact in the American deaf community. In C. Lucas (ed.), The Socio-Linguistics of the Deaf Community. San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 11–40
Ludwig-Wyder, Hélène. 1982. L' influence de l'anglais sur le français parlé en Australie. MA thesis, University of Melbourne
Lütten, J. 1979. Die Rolle der Partikeln doch, eben und ja als Konsens-Konstitutiva in gesprochener Sprache. In Weydt (ed.), pp. 30–8
Maandi, Katrin. 1989. Estonian among immigrants in Sweden. In Dorian (ed.), pp. 227–42
Macaulay, Ronald. 2001. You're like ‘Why not?’ The quotative expressions of Glasgow adolescents. Journal of Sociolinguistics 2: 3–21CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McClelland, James and Elman, Jeffrey. 1986. The TRACE model of speech perception. Cognitive Psychology 18: 1–86CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McClure, Erica. 1977. Aspects of code-switching in the discourse of bilingual Mexican-American children. In M. Saville-Troike (ed.), Linguistics and Anthropology. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, pp. 93–116
McClure, Erica. 2001. Oral and written Assyrian-English code-switching. In Jacobson (ed.), pp. 157–91
McConvell, Patrick. 1985. Domains and code-switching among bilingual Aborigines. In Clyne (ed.), pp. 95–125
McConvell, Patrick. 1988. MIX-IM-UP: Aboriginal code-switching, old and new. In Heller (ed.), Code-Switching. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 97–149
McConvell, Patrick. 1991. Understanding language shift: a step towards language maintenance. In S. Romaine (ed.), Language in Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 143–55
Mackey, William F. 1966. The measurement of bilingual behavior. The Canadian Psychologist 7a: 75–92CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNamara, Tim J. 1987. Language and social identity: Israelis abroad. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 6: 215–28CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacSwan, Jeff. 1999. A Minimalist Approach to Intrasentential Code Switching. New York: Garland
MacWhinney, Barry. 1987. Applying the competition model to bilingualism. Applied Psycholinguistics 8: 315–27CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacWhinney, Barry. 1992. Transfer and competition in second language learning. In Harris (ed.), Cognitive Processing in Bilinguals. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 371–90
MacWhinney, Barry. 1997. Second language acquisition and the competition model. In Groot and Kroll (eds.), pp. 113–42
MacWhinney, Barry and Bates, Elizabeth (eds.). 1989. The Cross-Linguistic Study of Sentence Processing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Maher, Julianne. 1991. A cross-linguistic study of language contact and language attrition. In H. Seliger and R. Vado (eds.), First Language Attrition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 67–87
Mahootian, Shahrzad. 1996. A competence model of code-switching. In J. Arnold (ed.), Sociolinguistic Variation. Data, Theory and Analysis. Selected papers from NWAV 23 at Stanford. Stanford: CSLI, pp. 387–400
Mallinson, Graham and Blake, Barry. 1981. Language Typology: Cross-Linguistic Studies in Syntax. Amsterdam: North-Holland
Marle, Jaap van and Smits, Caroline. 1997. Deviant patterns of lexical transfer: English-origin words in American Dutch. In Klatter-Folmer and Kroon (eds.), pp. 255–72
Martín, Mario Daniel. 1996. Spanish Language Maintenance and Shift in Australia. PhD thesis, Australian National University, Canberra
Martin, Nadine, Gagnon, Deborah, Schwartz, Myrna, Dell, Gary and Saffran, Eleanor. 1996. Phonological facilitation of semantic errors in normal and aphasic speakers. Language and Cognitive Processes 11: 257–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matthews, Peter. 1997. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Meechan, Marjory. 2001. Review of J. MacSwan, A Minimalist Approach to Intrasentential Codeswitching. Language in Society 30: 285–9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meeuwis, Michael and Blommaert, Jan. 1998. A monolectal view of code-switching: layered code-switching among Zairians in Belgium. In Auer (ed.), pp. 76–98
Meyerstein, G. P. 1969. Interference in prepositional phrases: immigrant Slovak in America. Lingua 22: 63–80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Milroy, James. 1998. Internal vs. external motivations for linguistic change. Multilingua 16: 311–24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Milroy, Lesley and Muysken, Pieter (eds.). 1995. One Speaker, Two Languages. Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives on Code-Switching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Milroy, Lesley. 1980. Language and Social Networks. Oxford: Basil Blackwell
Monheit, Dorrit. 1975. The Role of the German Ethnic School in Maintaining the German Language in Melbourne. BA (Hons.) thesis, Monash University
Morgan, Roy. 1951. Morgan Gallup Poll – Maintenance of Level of Immigration. Melbourne: Morgan
Mous, Maarten. 1994. Ma'a or Mbugu. In Bakker and Mous (eds.), pp. 175–200
Mufwene, Salikoko. 1991. Pidgins, creoles, typology and markedness. In F. Byrne and T. Huebner (eds.), Development and Structure of Creole Languages. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: Benjamins, pp. 123–43
Mufwene, Salikoko. 1994. Review of C. Myers-Scotton, Social Motivations for Code-switching. The SECOL Review 18: 213–18Google Scholar
Mufwene, Salikoko. 2001. The Ecology of Language Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Mufwene, Salikoko and Gilman, Charles. 1987. How African is Gullah and why?American Speech 62: 120–39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mühlhäusler, Peter. 1980. Structural expansion and the process of creolization. In A. Valdman and A. Highfield (eds.), Theoretical Orientations in Creole Studies. New York: Academic Press, pp. 19–55
Mühlhäusler, Peter. 1985. Patterns of contact, mixture, creation and nativization. In C. J. Bailey (ed.), Developmental Mechanisms of Language. Oxford: Pergamon, pp. 51–88
Mühlhäusler, Peter. 1997. Pidgin and Creole Linguistics, expanded and revised edition. London: University of Westminster Press
Müller, Max. 1862. Lectures on the Science of Language. 5th edition. London: Longmans, Green
Muysken, Pieter. 1995. Code-switching and grammatical theory. In Milroy and Muysken (eds.), pp. 177–98
Muysken, Pieter. 1997. Code-switching processes. In M. Pütz (ed.), Language Choices. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 361–78
Muysken, Pieter. 2000. Bilingual Speech. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1992. Comparing code-switching and borrowing. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 13: 19–40CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1993a. Duelling Languages: Grammatical Structure in Code-switching. New York: Oxford University Press
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1993b. Social Motivations for Codeswitching: Evidence from Africa. Oxford: Clarendon Press
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1997a. Codeswitching. In F. Coulmas (ed.), The Handbook of Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 217–37
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1997b. Paperback edition of 1993a (with Afterword). New York: Oxford University Press
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1998a. One way to dusty death: the Matrix Language Turnover Hypothesis. In L. Grenoble and W. Whaley (eds.), Endangered Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 289–306
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1998b. A theoretical introduction to Markedness Model. In C. Myers-Scotton (ed.), Codes and Consequences. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 18–38
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 2000. The Matrix Language Frame Model: developments and responses. In R. Jacobson (ed.), Codeswitching Worldwide II. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Myers-Scotton, Carol and Jake, Janice L. 1995. Matching lemmas in a bilingual language competence and production model: evidence from intrasentential code switching. Linguistics 33: 981–1024CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers-Scotton, Carol and Jake, Janice L. 2000. Four types of morphemes: evidence from aphasia, codeswitching and second language acquisition. Linguistics 38: 1053–100CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers-Scotton, Carol and Jake, Janice L. 2001. Explaining aspects of codeswitching and their implications. In Nicol (ed.), pp. 84–118
Nattinger, James R. and De Carrico, Jeanette S. 1992. Lexical Phrases and Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Naumann, K. 1997. Svenska som främade språk Schweiz. In G. Håkansson et al. (eds.), Svenskas beskriving 22. Lund: Studentliteratur, pp. 318–34
Nicol, Janet (ed.). 2001. One Mind, Two Languages: Bilingual Language Processing. Oxford: Blackwell
Nordenstam, Kerstin. 1979. Norsk i svenskan. Göteborg: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis
Nortier, Jacomine M. 1990. Code-Switching Among Young Moroccans in the Netherlands. Dordrecht: Foris
OMA 1989. Issues in Multicultural Australia. Canberra: Office of Multicultural Affairs
Oksaar, Els. 1972. On code-switching. An analysis of bilingual norms. Vortrag bei der dritten AILA Tagung. Copenhagen
Oksaar, Els (ed.). 1984. Spracherwerb, Sprachkontakt, Sprachkonflikt. Berlin; New York: De Gruyter
Overbeke, Maurits van. 1972. Introduction au problème du bilinguisme. (Etude publiée par l'AIMAV, Association internationale pour la recherche et la diffusion des méthodes audio-visuelles et structuro-globales.) Brussels: Editions ‘Labor’
Ozolins, Uldis. 1993. The Politics of Language in Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Pandharipande, Rajeshwaie. 1998. Is genetic connection relevant in code-switching? Evidence from South Asian languages. In Jacobson (ed.), pp. 201–23
Pandit, Ira. 1990. Grammaticality in codeswitching. In R. Jacobson (ed.), Code-Switching as a Worldwide Phenomenon. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 33–69
Papadametre, Leo and Routoulas, Stephen. 2001. Social, political, educational, linguistic and cultural (dis-)incentives for languages education in Australia. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 22: 134–51CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paradis, Michel. 1981. Neurolinguistic organization of a bilingual's two languages. In J. E. Copland and P. W. Davis (eds.), The 7th LACUS Forum. Columbia, SC: Hornbeam Press, pp. 486–94
Paradis, Michel. 1987. The Assessment of Bilingual Aphasia. Hillsdale: Erlbaum
Paternost, Joseph. 1976. Slovenian language on Minnesota's iron range: some sociolinguistic aspects of language maintenance and language shift. General Linguistics 16: 95–150Google Scholar
Pauwels, Anne. 1986. Immigrant Dialects and Language Maintenance in Australia. Dordrecht: Foris
Pauwels, Anne. 1995. Linguistic practices and language maintenance among bilingual women and men in Australia. Nordlyd 11: 21–50Google Scholar
Pavlenko, Aneta. 1999/2000. New approaches to concepts in bilingual memory, Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 2(3): 209–30 and 3(1): 1–4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pawley, Andrew and Syder, Frances. 1983. Two puzzles for linguistic theory: native-like selection and native-like fluency. In J. C. Richards and R. W. Schmidt (eds.), Language and Communication. London: Longman, pp. 191–226
Peñalosa, Fernando. 1980. Chicano Socio linguistics, a Brief Introduction. Rowley, MA: Newbury House
Peterson, Robert R. and Savoy, Pamela. 1998. Lexical selection and phonological encoding during language production: evidence for cascaded processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology – Learning, Memory and Cognition 24: 539–57CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfaff, Carol W. 1976. Functional and syntactic constraints on syntactic variation in code-mixing. In B. Steever et al. (eds.), Papers from the Parasession on Diachronic Syntax. Chicago Linguistic Society, pp. 248–59
Pfaff, Carol W. 1979. Constraints on language mixing. Language 55: 291–318CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfaff, Carol W. 1991. Turkish in contact with German: language maintenance and loss among immigrant children in Berlin (West). International Journal of the Sociology of Language 90: 97–129CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Piaget, Jean. 1971. Science of Education and the Psychology of the Child, trans. D. Coltman. London: Longman
Piller, Ingrid. 2001. Naturalization, language testing and its basis in ideologies of national identity and citizenship. International Journal of Bilingualism 5: 259–78CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pléh, Csaba and Bodor, Péter. 2000. Linguistic superego in a normative language community and the stigmatization-hypercorrection dimension. Multilingua 19: 133–40CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Polomé, Edgar and Justus, Carol (eds.). 1999. Language Change and Typological Variation: In Honor of Winfred P. Lehmann on the Occasion of his 83rd Birthday (JIE Studies, Monograph 30). Washington, DC: Institute for the Study of Man
Poplack, Shana. 1980. Sometimes I'll start a sentence in Spanish y termino en español: toward a typology of codeswitching. Linguistics 18: 581–618CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poplack, Shana and Sankoff, David. 1988. A variationist approach to languages in contact. In U. Ammon, N. Dittmar and K. Mattheier (eds.), Socio linguistics. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 1174–80
Poplack, Shana and Meechan, Marjory. 1995. Patterns of language mixture: nominal structure in Wolof-French and Fongbe-French bilingual discourse. In Milroy and Muysken (eds.), pp. 199–232
Poplack, Shana and Meechan, Marjory. 1998. Introduction: how languages fit together in codemixing. International Journal of Bilingualism 2(2): 127–38CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poplack, Shana, Sankoff, David and Miller, Christopher. 1988. The social correlates and linguistic processes of lexical borrowing and assimilation. Linguistics 26: 47–104CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poplack, Shana, Wheeler, Susan and Westwood, Anneli. 1989. Distinguishing language contact phenomena: evidence from Finnish-English bilingualism. In P. Lilius and M. Saari (eds.), The Nordic Languages and Modern Linguistics 6, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference. Helsinki, pp. 33–56
Poulisse, Nanda. 1997. Language production in bilinguals. In de Groot and Kroll (eds.), pp. 201–24
Poulisse, Nanda. 1999. Slips of the Tongue. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Poulisse, Nanda and Bongaerts, Theo. 1994. First language use in second language production. Applied Linguistics 15: 36–57CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Preston, Dennis R. 1986. The case of American Polish. In D. Kastovsky and A. Szwedek (eds.), Linguistics across Historical and Geographical Boundaries. In Honour of Jacek Fisiak on the Occasion of his Fiftieth Birthday. Vol. 2. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 1015–23
Primeau, G. 1983. Les Hollandes à Montréal. Profil d'une communauté ethnique de Montréal. Montréal: Conseil scolaire de l'île de Montréal
Queen, Robin M. 2001. Bilingual intonation patterns: evidence of language change in Turkish-German bilingual children. Language in Society 30: 55–80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rayfield, Joan Rachel. 1970. The Languages of a Bilingual Community. The Hague: Mouton
Riehl, Claudia M. 1998. Kontaktphänomene bei schriftlicher Textproduktion: Evidenzen für die mentale Repräsentation von Mehrsprachigkeit. Paper delivered at the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprache, Halle, 5 March 1998
Riehl, Claudia M. 1999. Zur mentalen Repräsentationen der Mehrsprachigkeit. (Kolloquium, Grenzen und Grenzüberschreitungen; Halle, 2 March 1999)
Riehl, Claudia M. 2001. Schreiben, Text und Mehrsprachigkeit. Tübingen: Stauffenburg
Rindler-Schjerve, Rosita. 1998. Codeswitching und Sprachkontaktforschung. Grenz-gänge 5(9): 70–93Google Scholar
Roberts, Mary C. 1999. Immigrant language maintenance in the Gujarati, Dutch and Samoan communities of Wellington. Unpublished PhD thesis, Victoria: University of Wellington
Romaine, Suzanne. 1989. Pidgins, creoles, immigrant and dying languages. In Dorian (ed.), pp. 369–83
Romaine, Suzanne. 1995. Bilingualism. Oxford: Blackwell
Romaine, Suzanne and Lange, Deborah. 1991. The use of ‘like’ as a marker of reported speech and thought: a case of grammaticalisation in progress. American Speech 66: 227–79CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rót, Sandor. 1985. On the national variety of Australian English. Annales Universitatis Budapestiensis Ling. Budapest. 16: 189–204Google Scholar
Rudd, Kevin M. 1994. Asian Languages and Australia's Economic Future. Brisbane: Queensland Government Printer
Rūke-Dravina, Velta. 1969. Språk i kontakt. Stockholm: Aldus/Bonniers
Saitz, Robert Leonard. 1955. Functional Word-order in Old English Subject-Object Patterns. PhD Dissertation, University of Wisconsin
Salmons, Joseph. 1990. Bilingual discourse marking: code switching, borrowing and convergence in some German-American dialects. Linguistics 28: 453–80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salmons, Joseph. 1994. Naturalness and morphological change in Texas German. In Berend and Mattheier (eds.), pp. 59–72
Sankoff, David. 1998. A formal production-based explanation of the facts of code-switching. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 1(1): 39–50CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sankoff, David and Poplack, Shana. 1979. A formal grammar for code-switching. Centro Working Papers 8. New York: Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños
Sapir, Edward. 1921. Language. New York: Harcourt Brace
Sasse, Hans J. 1992. Language decay and contact-induced similarities and differences. In M. Brenzinger (ed.), Language Death. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 59–80
Savić, Jelena. 1995. Structural convergence and language change: evidence from Serbian/English code-switching. Language in Society 24(4): 475–93CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schatz, Henriette. 1989. Code-switching or borrowing of English elements in the Dutch of Dutch-American immigrants. ITL Review of Applied Linguistics 83–4: 125–62CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schiffrin, Deborah. 1987. Discourse Markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Schmid, Monika. 2002. First language Attrition, Use and Maintenance – the Case of German-Jews in Anglophone Countries. Amsterdam: Benjamins
Schmid, Stefan. 1994. L'italiano degli spagnoli. Interlingue di immigrati nella Svizzera tedesca. Milan: Franco Angeli
Schmidt, Annette. 1985. Young People's Dyirbal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Schmitt, Elena. 2000. Overt and covert codeswitching in immigrant children from Russia. International Journal of Bilingualism 4: 9–28CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schoenmakers-Klein Gunnewiek, Marian. 1998. Taalverlies door taalcontact? Een onderzoek bij Portugese migranten. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press
Schourup, Lawrence. 1985. Common Discourse Particles in English Conversation. New York: Garland
Schuchardt, Hugo. 1884. Slawo-deutsches und slawo-italienisches, edited and introduced by Dietrich Gerhardt (1971). Munich: Wilhelm Fink
Seaman, P. David. 1972. Modern Greek and American English in Contact. The Hague: Mouton
Sebba, Mark and Wootton, Tony. 1998. We, they and identity: sequential versus identity-related explanation in code-switching. In Auer (ed.), pp. 262–89
Silva-Corvalán, Carmen. 1994. Language Contact and Change: Spanish in Los Angeles. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press
Simonini, R. C. Jr. 1956. Phonemic and analogic lapses in radio and television speech. American Speech 31: 252–63CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skutnabb-Kangas, Tove and Phillipson, Robert, with Rannut, Mart. 1994. Linguistic Human Rights. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Smith, John-Charles. 1998. Types and tokens in language change: some evidence from Romance. In R. Hickey and S. Puppel (eds.), Language History and Linguistic Modelling: a Festschrift for Jacek Fisiak on his 60 th Birthday. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 1099–111
Smith, John-Charles. 1999. Markedness and morphosyntactic change revisited. In S. Embelton, J. Joseph and H. Niederehe (eds.), The Emergence of the Modern Language Sciences. Studies on the transition from Historical-Comparative to Structural Linguistics in Honour of E. F. K. Koerner, vol 2: Methodological perspectives and applications. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 203–15
Smolicz, Jerzy J. 1979. Culture and Education in a Plural Society. Canberra: Curriculum Development Centre
Smolicz, Jerzy J. 1981. Core values and ethnic identity. Ethnic and Racial Studies 4: 75–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smolicz, Jerzy J. and Harris, Roger McD. 1976. Ethnic language and immigrant youth. In Clyne (ed.), pp. 131–75
Smolicz, Jerzy J. and Secombe, Margaret J. 1990. Language as a core value of culture among tertiary students of Chinese and Indian origin in Australia. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 1: 229–46Google Scholar
Smolicz, Jerzy J., Secombe, Margaret J. and Hunter, D. M. 2001. Family collectivism and minority languages as core values of culture among ethnic groups in Australia. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 22: 152–72CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sridhar, S. N. 1978. On the function of code-mixing in Kannada. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 16: 109–17Google Scholar
Stock, Heather. 1979. The Age Factor in Second Language Acquisition: German-speaking Postwar Migrants in South Australia. MA thesis, Monash University
Stoffel, Hans-Peter. 1981. The morphological adaptation of loanwords from English in New Zealand Serbo-Croatian. Wiener Slawistischer Almanach 7: 243–52Google Scholar
Stoffel, Hans-Peter. 1994. Dialect and standard language in a migrant situation: the case of New Zealand Croatian. New Zealand Slavonic Journal (Festschrift in honour of Patrick Waddington), 153–70
Stolt, Birgit. 1964. Die Sprachmischung in Luthers ‘Tischreden’. Stockholm: Almkvist and Wiksell
Stolz, Thomas. 1987. Kreolistik und Germanistik: Niederländisch-basierte Sprachformen in Übersee. Linguistische Berichte 110: 283–318Google Scholar
Sussex, Roland. 1982a. The phonetic interference of Australian English in Australian Polish. In Sussex (ed.), pp. 141–53
Sussex, Roland (ed.). 1982b. The Slavic Languages in Emigré Communities. Carbondale/ Edmonton: Linguistic Research
Szitás, Judit. 1998. Einflüsse des Deutschen auf die Muttersprache ungarischer Immigranten in Deutschland. MA thesis, Institut für deutsche Sprache und Literatur, Universität Köln
Tagliamonte, Sali and Hudson, Richard. 1999. ‘Be like’ et al. beyond America: the quotative system in British and Canadian youth. Journal of Sociolinguistics 3: 147–72CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tajfel, Henri. 1974. Social identity and intergroup behaviour. Social Science Information 13: 65–93CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takahara, Paul O. 1998. Functions of the English discourse marker ‘anyway’ and its corresponding contrastive Japanese discourse markers. In Jucker and Ziv (eds.), pp. 327–51
Tamis, Anastasios. 1986. The State of Modern Greek as Spoken in Victoria. PhD thesis, University of Melbourne
Tamis, Anastasios. 1988. The state of the Modern Greek language in Australia. In A. Kapardis and A. Tamis (eds.), Greeks in Australia. Melbourne: River Seine, pp. 67–93
Thomason, Sarah. Forthcoming. Contact as a source of language change. In R. Janda and B. Joseph (eds.), A Handbook of Historical Linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell
Thomason, Sarah and Kaufman, Terence. 1988. Language Contact, Creolization, and Genetic Linguistics. Berkeley: University of California Press
Thompson, Sandra. 1978. Modern English from a typological point of view: some indication of the function of word order. Linguistische Berichte 54: 19–35Google Scholar
Tompa, Józef. 1968. Ungarische Grammatik. The Hague: Mouton
Trask, Robert Lawrence (ed.). 2000. The Dictionary of Historical and Comparative Linguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
Treffers-Daller, Jeanine. 1994. Mixing Two Languages: French-Dutch Contact in a Comparative Perspective. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Treffers-Daller, Jeanine. 1998. Variability in code-switching styles: Turkish-German code-switching patterns. In Jacobson (ed.), pp. 177–98
Tsokalidou, Roula. 1994. Cracking the Code – an Insight into Code-switching and Gender among Second Generation Greek-Australians. PhD thesis, Monash University
Türker, Emel. 1998. The use of yap- in Turkish-Norwegian codeswitching. Panel paper at 9th International Conference on Turkish Linguistics, University of Oxford, 12–14 August 1998
Turpin, Danielle. 1998. ‘Le français: c'est le last frontier’: the status of English-origin nouns in Acadian French. International Journal of Bilingualism 2: 221–33CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uhmann, Stephen. 1998. Verbstellung in weil-Sätzen. Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft 17: 92–139Google Scholar
Valkhoff, M. F. 1972. New light on Afrikaans and ‘Malayo-Portuguese ’. Louvain: Editions Peeters Imprimerie Orientaliste
Veltman, Calvin. 1983. Language Shift in the United States. Berlin: Mouton
Vennemann, Theo. 1974. Topics, subjects and word order: from SXV to SVX via TVX. In J. Anderson and C. Jones (eds.), Historical Linguistics. Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Edinburgh, 2–7 September. Amsterdam: North Holland, pp. 339–76
Vennemann, Theo. 1975. An explanation of drift. In C. N. Li (ed.), Word Order and Word Order change. Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 269–305
Vignuzzi, Ugo. 1986. Why study Italian? In Bettoni (ed.), Altro Polo, pp. 171–204
Vosse, Theo and Kempen, Gerard. 1989. A hybrid model of human sentence processing: parsing right-branching, center-embedded and cross-serial dependencies. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Parsing Technologies. Cancun, Mexico
Vũ Thanh Phuöng 1981. The Acoustic and Perceptual Nature of Tone in Vietnamese. PhD thesis, Australian National University
Waas, Margit. 1996. Language Attrition Downunder. Frankfurt: Lang
Walters, Joel. 2001. Sociopragmatic processing in bilingual production and attrition. In Klatter-Folmer and van Avermaet (eds.), pp. 83–140
Warren, Jane. 1999. ‘Wogspeak’: the transformation of English in Melbourne. Journal of Australian Studies 62: 86–94Google Scholar
Weinreich, Uriel. 1953. Languages in Contact. New York: Linguistic Circle of New York
Weinreich, Uriel, Labov, William F. and Herzog, Marvin. 1968. Empirical foundations for a theory of language change. In W. P. Lehmann and Y. Malkiel (eds.), Directions for Historical Linguistics. Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 95–189
Wenskus, Otta. 1998. Emblematischer Codewechsel und Verwandtes in der lateinischen Prosa. Innsbruck: Universität Innsbruck
Weydt, Harald. 1969. Abtönungspartikeln. Die deutschen Modalwörter und ihre französischen Entsprechungen. Bad Homburg: Gehlen
Weydt, Harald (ed.). 1979. Die Partikeln der deutschen Sprache. Berlin: de Gruyter
Wheeldon, Linda R. and Levelt, W. J. M. 1985. Monitoring the time course of phonological encoding. Journal of Memory and Learning 34: 311–34CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whinnom, Keith. 1971. Linguistic hybridization and the ‘special’ case of pidgin and Creoles. In D. Hymes (ed.), Pidginization and Creolization of Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 91–116
Whitney, William D. 1981. On mixture in language. Transactions of the American Philological Society 12: 5–26Google Scholar
Wierzbicka, Anna. 1985. The double life of a bilingual. In R. Sussex and J. Zubrzycki (eds.), Polish People and Culture in Australia. Canberra: Department of Demography, ANU, pp. 187–223
Wierzbicka, Anna. 1986. Does language reflect culture? Evidence from Australian English. Language in Society 15: 349–74CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wierzbicka, Anna. 1991. Cross-Cultural Pragmatics. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Winter, Joanne. 2002. Discourse quotatives in Australian English: adolescents' performing voices. Australian Journal of Linguistics 23(1)Google Scholar
Winter, Joanne and Pauwels, Anne. 2000. Gender and language contact: research in the Australian context. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 21: 508–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woods, Anya V. 2000. The Medium or the Message: Issues in Faith and Language in Ethnic Churches. PhD thesis, Monash University
Wurzel, Wolfgang Ulrich. 1989. Inflectional Morphology and Naturalness. Dordrecht: Kluwer
Yaĝmur, Kutlay. 1997. First Language Attrition Among Turkish Speakers in Sydney. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press
Zheng, Lin. 1997. Tonal aspects of code-switching. Monash University Linguistic Papers 1(1): 53–63Google Scholar
Zheng, Lin. 2000. Code-switching in Second Generation Chinese-Australian students. PhD thesis, Monash University
Zipf, George K. 1948. Human Behavior and the Principle of the Least Effort. Cambridge, MA: Appleton Wesley
Zubin, David and Köpcke, Klaus-Michael. 1986. Gender and folk typology: the indexical relation between grammatical and lexical categorization. In C. G. Craig (ed.), Noun Classes and Categorization. Proceedings of a Symposium on Categorization and Noun Classification. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 139–80
Zuckermann, Ghil'ad. MS. The Survival of Yiddish beneath Israeli

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • References
  • Michael Clyne, University of Melbourne
  • Book: Dynamics of Language Contact
  • Online publication: 18 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511606526.011
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • References
  • Michael Clyne, University of Melbourne
  • Book: Dynamics of Language Contact
  • Online publication: 18 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511606526.011
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • References
  • Michael Clyne, University of Melbourne
  • Book: Dynamics of Language Contact
  • Online publication: 18 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511606526.011
Available formats
×