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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 January 2021
Though geographically diverse, China, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Iraq share some interesting commonalities. All have been heavily influenced by external, primarily European, budgetary models and practices. After the 1949 Revolution, China turned to the Soviet Union for five-year planning and budgetary models and guidelines. Iraq, a former British colony also turned to the Soviet Union for guidance during the Cold War, and more recently its budgetary processes have been influenced by the American occupation. Like Iraq, Nigeria was a British colony, and Indonesia a former Dutch colony, and both these countries were influenced by their colonial histories.
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