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Chapter 91 - Sleep

from Section 4 - Provoked epilepsies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2012

By
Liborio Parrino ,
Giulia Milioli ,
Fernando De Paolis ,
Andrea Grassi ,
Gioia Gioi  and
Mario Giovanni Terzano
Edited by
Simon D. Shorvon ,
Frederick Andermann  and
Renzo Guerrini
Simon D. Shorvon
Affiliation:
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London
Frederick Andermann
Affiliation:
Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute
Renzo Guerrini
Affiliation:
Child Neurology Unit, Meyer Pediatric Hospital, Florence
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Summary

The relationship between sleep and epilepsy is closely related to the basic mechanisms underlying the sleep-wake continuum. The endogenous circadian system is an important modulator of the sleep-wake rhythm. The variations of sleep propensity over time are not only an effect of the biological clock but are also influenced by the subject's prior sleep-wake history. The two main sleep states non rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) have different physiological components and contrasting effects on generalized ictal and interictal discharges. Besides the consolidated knowledge on sleep vs. wakefulness and NREM sleep vs. REM sleep, major attention should be paid to the circadian and homeostatic processes as well as to the conditions of stable and unstable sleep. Cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) analysis should be commonly applied in all sleep studies as a sensitive procedure for exploring the dynamic electroencephalogram (EEG) interplay between physiological phasic events and paroxysmal abnormalities.

Keywords

acute symptomatic seizuresadultsbacterial meningitispyogenic abscesssuppurative intracranial disorderscranial suppurative disordersepilepsy
Type
Chapter
Information
The Causes of Epilepsy
Common and Uncommon Causes in Adults and Children
 , pp. 643 - 649
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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