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29 - Cutaneous Melanoma: Therapeutic Approaches for Metastatic Disease

from PART II - CLINICAL RESEARCH

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

By
Ahmad A. Tarhini  and
John M. Kirkwood
Edited by
David Lyden ,
Danny R. Welch  and
Bethan Psaila
Ahmad A. Tarhini
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States
John M. Kirkwood
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States
David Lyden
Affiliation:
Weill Cornell Medical College, New York
Danny R. Welch
Affiliation:
Weill Cornell Medical College, New York
Bethan Psaila
Affiliation:
Imperial College of Medicine, London
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Summary

INTRODUCTION TO METASTATIC MELANOMA

Among new cancer cases documented in the United States in 2008, melanoma is estimated to be the sixth and seventh most common in men and women, respectively. This cancer has continued to rise in incidence at a rate exceeding those for all other cancers. In 2010, there were projected to be 68,130 new cases of melanoma, but the vast majority of these were forecast to be early-stage and therefore curable. However, it was estimated that 8,700 patients would die from this disease in 2010 [1]. Annually, about 8,000 patients are found to have metastatic melanoma presenting as a recurrence of an earlier primary melanoma; this number closely approximates the annual number of deaths from this disease. This statistic illustrates the lack of progress that has been made in the treatment of stage IV melanoma over the past several decades.

The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) divides cutaneous melanoma into four stages. Primary tumors confined to the skin without regional lymph node involvement are assigned stages I and II, depending on the thickness (depth) of the tumor, ulceration of the overlying epithelium, or invasion of the reticular dermis or subcutaneous fat (Clark level IV or V). Stage III is a disease with clinical or pathological evidence of regional lymph node involvement or with the presence of in-transit or satellite metastases. Stage IV disease is defined by the presence of distant metastasis [2].

Type
Chapter
Information
Cancer Metastasis
Biologic Basis and Therapeutics
 , pp. 313 - 324
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×