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6 - Viking culture

from PART II - FROM VIKINGS TO KINGS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2008

By
Else Roesdahl  and
Preben Sørensen
Edited by
Knut Helle
Knut Helle
Affiliation:
Universitetet i Bergen, Norway
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Summary

Almost everything we know about the culture (and technology) of the Viking Age derives from archaeological and textual evidence. The archaeological evidence, constantly growing and with a range of important finds now precisely dated by dendrochronology, is contemporary with the period. The textual evidence, on the other hand, was – apart from runic inscriptions – usually written down long after the Viking Age; therefore the reliability of much of it is still a matter of debate. However, new attitudes and new questions have provided new perspectives on and insights into the textual evidence.

The culture of the Viking Age was strong, independent, rich in tradition and vibrant. It was good at copying, adapting, developing and creating – and foreign ideas could be incorporated or rejected. The many points of contact meant that well-informed and well-travelled Scandinavians were familiar with a variety of nationalities, environments and cultures. Their tolerance of other cultures was presumably an important factor in the Scandinavians’ astonishing ability to establish themselves as traders, conquerors or colonists in new countries.

Regions and communications

The lands of Viking Age Scandinavia, apart from Finland and the Sami areas in their northern and central parts, shared a substantially common culture. This arose from their situation furthest north in Europe and the fact that this sparsely populated territory was almost completely surrounded by water, so that its regions could be linked by seaborne traffic. The varied natural resources of Scandinavia encouraged shipping and trade; almost all necessities could be found somewhere in the region: cattle, grain, fish, wool, iron, timber, furs, etc. Much of this could also be exported.

Keywords

polytheistic religionshippingcommunication modeseconomic activityViking Age ScandinaviaViking regionstown-like settlementsViking culture
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge History of Scandinavia , pp. 121 - 146
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2003

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To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

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Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

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