Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T03:18:02.840Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

16 - Literature and intellectual life in colonial Spanish America

from PART FOUR - INTELLECTUAL AND CULTURAL LIFE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2008

Jacques Lafaye
Affiliation:
Université de Paris-Sorbonne
Get access

Summary

THE DISCOVERY OF THE NEW WORLD

The writings of the first ‘discoverers’ of America at the end of the fifteenth and beginning of the sixteenth centuries convey the amazement, and frequently the awe, of Europeans confronted by a new world. The ship's log of Christopher Columbus, describing the landscape of the Lucayos Islands and of Santo Domingo, and also the Taíno Indians of the region, who gave the Europeans an idyllic welcome, was a splendid opening to a series of reports on a natural world and a race of men hitherto unknown. It was in Columbus' first letter (printed in Latin in Rome in 1493) that the European conception of the New World was born. Other navigators, such as Pigafetta, a companion of Magellan, and above all Amerigo Vespucci (whose publisher Waldseemüller disseminated the expression ‘Terra America’ to give a new name to ‘Las Indias’) in their turn described the coasts, the flora and the natives of these new lands, all presumed to be islands.

This first vision of the New World was soon succeeded by that of the victims of a long series of shipwrecks, who faced less welcoming Indians, like the Caribs or the people of the Gulf of Florida, armed with powerful bows and ‘arrows capable of piercing even the oar of a whaleboat’. This was the new image of America presented in, for example, the Naufragios (Valladolid, 1542) of Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, an Andalusian gentleman who related his tribulations, lasting several years, among the Indians.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arthur, J. O. Anderson and Charles, E. Dibble English trans., General History of the Things of New Spain. The Florentine Codex, ed. (12 vols., Salt Lake City, 1950–82).
Diego, Encinas (ed.), Cedulario indiano [1596].
Francis, Augustus Macnutt, English trans. by De Orbe Novo, the Eight Decades of Peter Martyr d' Anghera (2 vols., New York, 1912).
Francis, B. Steck English trans., Motolinía's History of the Indians of New Spain, ed. (Washington, 1951).
George, Kubler and Gibson, Charles English trans., The Tovar Calendar, ed. (New Haven, 1951)
Harold, V. Livermore English trans., Royal Commentaries of the Incas and general history of Peru, ed. (2 vols., Austin, 1965).
Irving, A. Leonard abridged version of 1802 translation, (ed.) (New York, 1964).
Jacques, Lafaye French trans., Manuscrit Tovar. Origines et croyance des Indiens du Mexique, ed. (UNESCO, Graz, Austria, 1972).
Jacques, Lafaye, Quetzalcoatl and Guadeloupe. The formation of the national consciousness in Mexico, trans. from the original French by Benjamin Keen (Chicago, 1976).Google Scholar
John, Black, ed. Mary Maples Dunn (New York, 1972).
John, G. Varner and Jeannette, V. Varner English trans., The Florida of the Inca. A History of the Adelantado, Hernando de Soto …, ed. (Austin, 1951).
José, Miranda Sumario, ed. (Mexico, 1950)
Juan, Pérez Tudela Historia, ed. (5 vols., Madrid, 1959)
Lesley, Byrd Simpson Cortés, by (Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1964).
Pagden, A. R. English trans., Letters from Mexico, ed. (New York, 1971). [References to modern editions of colonial texts and to English translations have been added throughtout this chapter by the Editor.]
Sir Clements, R. Markham English trans., The Natural and Moral History of the Indies (1604), ed. (2 vols., Hakluyt Society, 1st series, nos. 60 and 61, London, 1880; reprinted New York, 1969).
Sor, Juana Inés Cruz, Obras completas, ed. Plancarte, Méndez (Mexico, 1969).
Stafford, Poole English trans., In Defense of the Indians, ed. (Dekalb, 1974).
Sterling, A. Stoudemire English trans., Natural History of the West Indies by (Chapel Hill, 1959).
Thomas, D. B. English trans., A History of the Discovery and Conquest of Peru, ed. (London, 1933).

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×