4 - The glorification of the bridegroom-Messiah: allusions to Song 1:12 and Song 3:1–4

Summary

John 2:1–4:42 introduces Jesus as the bridegroom-Messiah. At Cana in Galilee (2:1–11), he provides abundant wine for a wedding feast, assuming the role of the bridegroom and fulfilling messianic prophecy. At Aenon in Judea (3:22–30), John the Baptist hints that Jesus is the bridegroom foretold by Jeremiah. At Sychar in Samaria (4:4–42), Jesus imitates Jacob at the well and establishes a family of faith. As Jesus reveals his messianic identity, he gains more and more followers. His disciples believe in him (2:11), people flock to be baptized by him (3:23, 30), and the citizens of Sychar declare that he is the Savior of the world (4:42). In terms of John 1:11–13, many receive him, believe in his name, and become God's children.

John 4:43–10:42 continues with the program outlined in John 1:11–13 and initiated in John 1:19–4:42. After Jesus leaves Samaria, however, he faces more rejection than reception. A few come to believe, such as the royal official (4:53) and the man born blind (9:35–38). Most, however, do not accept Jesus. They argue with him about his identity and his mission (5:1–47; 6:1–71; 7:1–52; 8:12–59; 9:13–41; 10:22–39) and they look for an opportunity to do away with him (7:1, 44; 8:20, 59; 10:31, 39). He comes to his own, and his own do not receive him.

In John 11–12, a transition occurs. With the raising of Lazarus, Jesus' own death and resurrection come to the fore.